Tag: M.W=250-300

Gall, Daniel L.; Ralph, John; Donohue, Timothy J.; Noguera, Daniel R. published the artcile< A Group of Sequence-Related Sphingomonad Enzymes Catalyzes Cleavage of β-Aryl Ether Linkages in Lignin β-Guaiacyl and β-Syringyl Ether Dimers>, Product Details of C19H34O2, the main research area is sphingomonad glutathione transferase aryl ether linkage lignin guaiacyl syringyl.

Lignin biosynthesis occurs via radical coupling of guaiacyl and syringyl hydroxycinnamyl alc. monomers (i.e., “”monolignols””) through chem. condensation with the growing lignin polymer. With each chain-extension step, monolignols invariably couple at their β-positions, generating chiral centers. Here, we report on activities of bacterial glutathione-S-transferase (GST) enzymes that cleave β-aryl ether bonds in lignin dimers that are composed of different monomeric units. Our data reveal that these sequence-related enzymes from Novosphingobium sp. strain PP1Y, Novosphingobium aromaticivorans strain DSM12444, and Sphingobium sp. strain SYK-6 have conserved functions as β-etherases, catalyzing cleavage of each of the four dimeric α-keto-β-aryl ether-linked substrates (i.e., guaiacyl-β-guaiacyl, guaiacyl-β-syringyl, syringyl-β-guaiacyl, and syringyl-β-syringyl). Although each β-etherase cleaves β-guaiacyl and β-syringyl substrates, we have found that each is stereospecific for a given β-enantiomer in a racemic substrate; LigE and LigP β-etherase homologs exhibited stereospecificity toward β(R)-enantiomers whereas LigF and its homologs exhibited β(S)-stereospecificity. Given the diversity of lignin’s monomeric units and the racemic nature of lignin polymers, we propose that bacterial catabolic pathways have overcome the existence of diverse lignin-derived substrates in nature by evolving multiple enzymes with broad substrate specificities. Thus, each bacterial β-etherase is able to cleave β-guaiacyl and β-syringyl ether-linked compounds while retaining either β(R)- or β(S)-stereospecificity.

Environmental Science & Technology published new progress about Hydrolysis, stereoselective. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Product Details of C19H34O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Marchant, Erik D.; Kaluhiokalani, Jamie P.; Wallace, Taysom E.; Ahmadi, Mohadeseh; Dorff, Abigail; Linde, Jessica J.; Leach, Olivia K.; Hyldahl, Robert D.; Gifford, Jayson R.; Hancock, Chad R. published the artcile< Localized Heat Therapy Improves Mitochondrial Respiratory Capacity but Not Fatty Acid Oxidation>, Computed Properties of 112-63-0, the main research area is skeletal muscle heat therapy mitochondrial respiration fatty acid oxidation; exercise; heat stress; high-intensity interval training; mitochondria; skeletal muscle.

Mild heat stress can improve mitochondrial respiratory capacity in skeletal muscle. However, long-term heat interventions are scarce, and the effects of heat therapy need to be understood in the context of the adaptations which follow the more complex combination of stimuli from exercise training. The purpose of this work was to compare the effects of 6 wk of localized heat therapy on human skeletal muscle mitochondria to single-leg interval training. Thirty-five subjects were assigned to receive sham therapy, short-wave diathermy heat therapy, or single-leg interval exercise training, localized to the quadriceps muscles of the right leg. All interventions took place 3 times per wk. Muscle biopsies were performed at baseline, and after 3 and 6 wk of intervention. Mitochondrial respiratory capacity was assessed on permeabilized muscle fibers via high-resolution respirometry. The primary finding of this work was that heat therapy and exercise training significantly improved mitochondrial respiratory capacity by 24.8 ± 6.2% and 27.9 ± 8.7%, resp. (p < 0.05). Fatty acid oxidation and citrate synthase activity were also increased following exercise training by 29.5 ± 6.8% and 19.0 ± 7.4%, resp. (p < 0.05). However, contrary to our hypothesis, heat therapy did not increase fatty acid oxidation or citrate synthase activity. Six weeks of muscle-localized heat therapy significantly improves mitochondrial respiratory capacity, comparable to exercise training. However, unlike exercise, heat does not improve fatty acid oxidation capacity. International Journal of Molecular Sciences published new progress about Exercise. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Computed Properties of 112-63-0.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Moss, Robert A.; Wilk, Boguslawa; Krogh-Jespersen, Karsten; Blair, John T.; Westbrook, John D. published the artcile< Organoiodinane reagents for phosphate cleavage: experimental and computational studies>, Formula: C19H34O2, the main research area is MO oxidoiodoxolone; LFER oxidobenziodoxolone catalysis phosphate hydrolysis; iodoxolone oxido MO hydrolysis catalyst.

Several analogs of 1-oxido-1,2-benziodoxol-3(1H)-one (I; the valence tautomer of o-iodosobenzoate), were examined for their ability to cleave p-nitrophenyl di-Ph phosphate in aqueous micellar cetyltrimethylammonium chloride at pH 8. These included the 5,5-di-Me (II) and 5,5-bis(trifluoromethyl) (III) analogs, as well as the parent 1-oxidoiodoxol-(3H)-ones IV [R = Cl (V), H (VI)]. The kinetic reactivity order was I > V > VI > III >> II. The results are discussed in terms of the relative acidities shown by the I-OH forms of the catalysts and the nucleophilicities of their I-O- conjugate bases. Ab initio MO calculations were performed on VI, its conjugate acid, the deoxo analogs VII (R = H), and VIII (R = H) and their di-Me and bis(trifluoromethyl) derivatives [VII (R = Me, CF3) and VIII (R = Me, CF3)] to aid this anal. The electronic structures of these species are discussed in detail.

Journal of the American Chemical Society published new progress about Hydrolysis. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Formula: C19H34O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Chen, Zhangjian; Han, Shuo; Zhang, Jiahe; Zheng, Pai; Liu, Xiaodong; Zhang, Yuanyuan; Jia, Guang published the artcile< Metabolomics screening of serum biomarkers for occupational exposure of titanium dioxide nanoparticles>, SDS of cas: 112-63-0, the main research area is metabolomics screening serum biomarker titanium oxide nanoparticle nanotoxicol; Titanium dioxide nanoparticles; biomarker; metabolomics; occupational exposure; serum.

Although nanotoxicol. studies have shown that respiratory exposure of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) could induce adverse health effects, limited biomarkers associated with occupational exposure of TiO2 NPs were reported. The purpose of this study is to screen serum biomarkers among workers occupationally exposed to TiO2 NPs using metabolomics. Compared with the control group, a total of 296 serum metabolites were differentially expressed in the TiO2 NPs-exposed group, of which the relative expression of 265 metabolites increased, and the remaining 31 decreased. Three machine learning methods including random forest (RF), support vector machines (SVM), and boruta screened eight potential biomarkers and simultaneously selected a metabolite, Liquoric acid. Through multiple linear regression anal. to adjust the influence of confounding factors such as gender, age, BMI, smoking and drinking, occupational exposure to TiO2 NPs was significantly related to the relative expression of the eight potential biomarkers. Meanwhile, the receiver operating characteristic curves (ROCs) of these potential biomarkers had good sensitivity and specificity. These potential biomarkers were related to lipid peroxidation, and had biol. basis for occupational exposure to TiO2 NPs. Therefore, it was demonstrated that the serum metabolites represented by Liquoric acid were good biomarkers of occupational exposure to TiO2 NPs.

Nanotoxicology published new progress about Aging, animal. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, SDS of cas: 112-63-0.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Plazek, E.; Rodewald, Z. published the artcile< The iodination of 2-picoline>, Recommanded Product: (9Z,12Z)-Methyl octadeca-9,12-dienoate, the main research area is .

2-Picoline (20 g.), 100 g. 50% oleum, and 60 g. iodine, on heating 6 hrs. at 200°, addition of 100 g. 50% oleum, addnl. heating (4 hrs., 210°), pouring the mixture into 400 cc. H2O, treatment with Na2CO3 until alk., and steam-distillation, yielded 5-iodo-2-methylpyridine (I), b. 205-15°, b18 105-6°; picrate m. 150°. I (5 g.), on boiling 5 hrs. with 10 g. KMnO4 in 450 cc. H2O, extraction of the unreacted I with Et2O, filtration of the MnO2, and acidification of the filtrate with H2SO4, gave 5-iodopicolinic acid, m. 204°. The acid heated slightly above its m.p. gives 3-iodopyridine, m. 52°; picrate m. 154°. I (5 g.), on heating 20 hrs. at 130-5° with 10 cc. concentrated NH4OH and 0.5 g. CuSO4, and extraction of the mixture with Et2O, gives, on removal of the Et2O, 2-methyl-5-aminopyridine, m. 92-5° (on crystallization from C6H6, the m.p. rises to 97-8°); picrate m. 203°.

Roczniki Chemii published new progress about Iodination. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Recommanded Product: (9Z,12Z)-Methyl octadeca-9,12-dienoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Lokeshkumar, Venugopal; Daniel, B. A.; Jayanthi, J.; Ragunathan, M. G. published the artcile< Nutritive evaluations of laboratory-reared edible field cricket Coiblemmus compactus Chopard, 1928 (Orthoptera: Gryllidae), for utilising them as an alternate protein source>, Formula: C19H34O2, the main research area is Coiblemmus protein nutrition amino fatty acids carbohydrates potassium.

The increasing world population has made researchers to explore and validate alternate food sources for the future; in that regard, due to the attractive nutritive profile, edible insects ensure the food and feed security in some developing countries. Crickets are orthopteran edible insects widely eaten around the world not as an emergency food but as a delicacy. This present study aims to stabilize a mass rearing technique of field cricket Coiblemmus compactus using cost-effective rearing medium and feed materials. The reared adult crickets were processed and analyzed for its proximate, mineral, amino acid, fatty acid and energy contents. The cost-effective rearing methods were standardised for the cricket species, and the obtained nutritive values were comparatively higher than other edible meat sources. The cricket Coiblemmus compactus had 50.2 ± 0.37, 26.50 ± 0.80, 8.20 ± 1.61, 5.50 ± 0.48, 10.93 ± 0.19 and 5.40 ± 0.16 g/100 g of crude protein, crude fat, carbohydrate, crude fiber, moisture and ash contents, resp. The cricket also possessed higher amounts of potassium (897.83 ± 1.55 mg/100 g) and phosphorous elements (604.66 ± 4.11 mg/100 g) with 458.30 ± 0.29 kcal/100 g of energy content. The chromatog. studies showed the abundance of amino acid and fatty acid contents in the reared edible cricket. The attractive and high-protein nutritive profile of edible cricket Coiblemmus compcatus makes itself an alternate food and feed material to elevate food crisis in developing countries.

Journal of Basic & Applied Zoology published new progress about Amino acids Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Formula: C19H34O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Sheng, Yan-Hua; Wang, Rui; Wang, Yi-Kai; Li, Meng-Meng; Liu, Fang-Xin; Huang, Xin; Chen, Chang-Bao published the artcile< Evaluation of multicomponent changes of Schisandra chinensis fruits with different drying process by UPLC-QQQ-MS-based targeted metabolomics analysis>, Category: esters-buliding-blocks, the main research area is Schisandra fruit drying process metabolomics UPLC QQQ MS.

Schisandra chinensis fruit is a famous tonic traditional Chinese medicine and healthy food. The chem. components of dried fruits may vary with the initial processing methods of fresh fruits. Therefore, in this study, the influence of drying was evaluated based on targeted metabolomics anal. The ultrahigh performance liquid chromatog.-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQ-MS) was applied in determination of multicomponent including lignans, organic acids, and oligosaccharides. The fresh fruits of Schisandra chinensis were processed by natural drying in the sun, hot air drying and vacuum drying at different temperatures, and vacuum freeze drying, resp. The contents of lignans, organic acids, and oligosaccharides in different fruit samples were quantified and statistically analyzed by partial least squares discriminant anal. (PLS-DA). The variation of totally 10 lignans, 5 organic acids, and 9 oligosaccharides with different drying process were compared. The results showed that the drying time of natural drying method was much longer than the other methods using instrument. For hot air and vacuum drying samples, most of lignans, organic acids, and oligosaccharides gradually decreased with the increase of temperature And the appearance of fruit drying at higher temperature was dark red. At the same processing temperature, vacuum drying takes longer time than hot air drying. In addition, organic acid and oligosaccharide contents of vacuum freeze drying treated samples were higher than the other processed samples significantly. According to the targeted metabolomics anal., the lignans, organic acids, and oligosaccharides markers were screened out for holistic quality evaluation of Schisandra chinensis fruits. In comprehensive consideration of multicomponent, drying time, fruit appearance and storage, and production feasibility, hot air drying at 50° C is more suitable for the process of Schisandra chinensis. The result is expected to provide a scientific basis for the selection of proper method for drying process of fresh Schisandra chinensis fruit.

Journal of Chemistry published new progress about Air drying process (hot). 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Category: esters-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Yousfi, F. Z.; Boutahiri, N.; Ouerdja, I.; Rguig, N.; Nader, S.; Aharmim, M.; Bourkadi, J. E. published the artcile< Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis and HIV Infection about 06 Cases>, Computed Properties of 112-63-0, the main research area is diagnosis risk factor HIV infection multidrug resistant tuberculosis.

Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis remains a significant threat in people living with HIV and promotes increased mortality rates. It is often a combination of pulmonary tuberculosis forms and extra-pulmonary forms. We report 6 cases of patients with HIV and multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis collected over a two-year period from 01/01/2018 to 31/12/2019 hospitalized for multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis at Moulay Youssef Hospital. We describe the radiol., evolutionary and therapeutic clin. characteristics of resistant TB in this patient category. The average age of our patients was 36. These are 2 women and 4 men. Of which 4 were known to carry retroviral infection, followed and treated with antiretroviral therapy, there was only one diabetic patient on insulin therapy. The signs of calls were respiratory in 3 patients, digestive in one patient, neurol. in one case, and an alteration of the general state in the last case. Exclusive pulmonary involvement was noted in 4 patients, associated with neuromeningeal localization in one patient and cervical lymph node localization in the last case The radiol. aspect was dominated by bilateral micronodular opacities often associated with sequellary opacities. Based on the results of the xpert Tb Rif and Hain Test 1 st line and 2 nd line 3 cases of our patients were Prexdr (resistant to injectable 1/3 cases, resistant to furoquinolone 2/3 cases), MDR in one patient, two patients were classified as RR due to the unavailability of genotypic tests. The evolution during hospitalization was marked by the occurrence of pneumocystosis in 2 patients who had progressed well under Bactrim high curative dose and systemic corticosteroids, pneumothorax in one case; we deplore the death of a patient by tuberculosis meningitis. Five patients were put individualized regimen of 20-24 mo and only one case on a standardized regimen for 9-11 mo, antiretroviral treatment was initiated after 1 mo of the start of anti-bacillary treatment in 2 cases (CD4 rate > 500). Major adverse effects were observed in 3 patients. These were bilateral deafness, significant hepatic cytolysis, and severe cytopenia which required the permanent discontinuation of amikacin, Pza, Linezolid resp. Minor side effects, a type of digestive intolerance, were noted in 2 patients who progressed well under symptomatic treatment. Minor side effects, a type of digestive intolerance, were noted in 2 patients who progressed well under symptomatic treatment.HIV infection increases the risk of the emergence of resistant strains of the TB bacillus in HIV-pos. subjects. The combination of multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis and HIV infection is a major risk factor for morbidity-mortality.

Elixir International Journal published new progress about Antiviral agents. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Computed Properties of 112-63-0.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Zeng, Jiuseng; Ji, Yafei; Luan, Fei; Hu, Jingwen; Rui, Yixing; Liu, Yao; Rao, Zhili; Liu, Rong; Zeng, Nan published the artcile< Xiaoyaosan ethyl acetate fraction alleviates depression-like behaviors in CUMS mice by promoting hippocampal neurogenesis via modulating the IGF-1Rβ/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway>, HPLC of Formula: 112-63-0, the main research area is xiaoyaosan antidepressant IGF1R beta PI3K Akt depression; Apoptosis; CUMS; IGF-1/IGF-1Rβ; Neurogenesis; PI3K/Akt pathway; Xiaoyaosan ethyl acetate fraction.

Xiaoyaosan (XYS), a representative and classic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription with function of dispersing stagnated liver and strengthening spleen, has been used for thousands of years to treat depression. XYS anti-depression effect has been demonstrated both clin. and expremental; however, the material basis for this effect has yet to be elucidated. To evaluate the impact and underlying action mechanism of XYS antidepressant active component (Xiaoyaosan Et acetate fraction, XYSEF) against chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression-like behavior in mice. First, we established a behavioral despair depression mouse model to preliminarily determine the effective antidepressant dose of XYSEF. Then, we created a CUMS mouse model and used various classic behavioral tests, including SPT, ST, NFST, and TST, to assess XYSEFs antidepressant properties. IGF-1 levels in mouse serum and hippocampus were quantified using ELISA. The average optical d. of Nissl bodies in the mouse hippocampal CA3 region was determined utilizing toluidine blue staining. Brdu and DCX expression in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) was assayed using the immunofluorescence method. IGF-1Rβ, PI3K, p-PI3K, Akt, p-Akt, Caspase-3, and cleaved Caspase-3 protein levels in the hippocampus were determined with Western blot. The behavioral despair mouse model findings showed that 9.1 and 40 g/kg of XYSEF both significantly shortened the immobility time of mice, suggesting that the ED range was 9.1-40 g/kg. Compared to the CUMS mouse model, XYSEF at 20 and 40 g/kg markedly increased the sucrose preference percentage in the SPT and grooming time in the ST, shortened the immobility time in the TST and the feeding latency in the NSFT, and reversed the downregulated IGF-1 content in mouse serum and hippocampus. In addition, XYSEF amplified the average optical d. of Nissl bodies in the hippocampal CA3 region, promoted Brdu and DCX expression in DG, and diminished IGF-1Rβ, p-PI3K/PI3K, p-Akt/Akt, and cleaved Caspase-3/Caspase-3 protein levels in the hippocampi of CUMS mice. XYSEF acted as an antidepressant in mice exhibiting CUMS-induced depression-like behaviors, possibly by promoting hippocampal neurogenesis, reducing neuronal apoptosis, and inhibiting the over-activation of the IGF-1Rβ/PI3K/Akt pathway.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology published new progress about Antidepressants. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, HPLC of Formula: 112-63-0.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Yuen, Carlen A.; Barbaro, Marissa; Haggiagi, Aya published the artcile< Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma in Elderly Patients>, Category: esters-buliding-blocks, the main research area is review glioblastoma o6 methylguanine dna methyltransferase; Bevacizumab; Elderly; Glioblastoma; Hypofractionated radiation therapy; Temozolomide; Tumor-treating fields.

A review. A Review. Abstract: Purpose of Review: Elderly patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma (eGBM) carry a worse prognosis compared with their younger counterparts. eGBM garners special attention due to the unique challenges, including increased treatment-associated toxicity, less relative benefit from aggressive therapy, medical comorbidities, and immunosuppression. The pivotal GBM trials excluded patients > 70 years old and the optimal treatment approach remains unsettled for eGBM. In this review, we analyze the historical evidence-based data for treating eGBM and discuss the future direction for managing this vulnerable population. Recent Findings: Treatment for eGBM continues to evolve. Therapy choice is guided by performance status and presence of O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation. For eGBM with good performance status, combinatorial hypofractionated radiation therapy (hRT) and temozolomide should be recommended. For those with poor performance status, further stratification based on MGMT promoter methylation test result is recommended. Single-agent temozolomide is a viable treatment option for MGMT methylated tumors (mMGMT); in particular, those classified with receptor tyrosine kinase II methylation. hRT alone can be considered in MGMT unmethylated (uMGMT) eGBM patients. As precision oncol. continues to advance, effective targeted and immunotherapy may emerge as new treatment options for eGBM. Summary: Management of elderly patients with newly diagnosed GBM carries a unique set of challenges. Progress has been made in defining the optimal therapeutic approach for these patients, but many questions remain to be answered.

Current Oncology Reports published new progress about Comorbidity. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Category: esters-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics