Tag: 200-300

Chemical composition, DPPH free radical scavenging and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil and six compounds isolated from Spiraea mongolica maxim was written by Zhang, Wen-huan;Qian, Han;Song, Ya-jie;Shen, Tong. And the article was included in Xiandai Shipin Keji in 2017.COA of Formula: C12H22O4 This article mentions the following:

The essential oil was extracted from the dried twigs and leaves of Spiraea mongolica Maxim by hydro-distillation and identified by GC-MS. The main compositions of the oil were fatty acids and their derivatives, Et palmitate (38.631%), Et linolelaidate (23.576%) and Et linolenate (14.634%). From the dried twigs and leaves, botulin (1), lupine-3,20-diol (2), 1灏?hydroxyl-6,9-dien-8-oxoeremophil-11-nor-11-ketone (3), 3-(4-Methoxyphenyl) propanal (4), stigmasterol (5), 灏?Sitosterol (6) were isolated by silica gel column chromatog. and identified by NMR data. Their DPPH free radical scavenging and antimicrobial activities were sep. evaluated. The essential oil showed good to moderate DPPH free radical scavenging activity (IC₅₀=900 娓璯/mL), while had no apparent antimicrobial activity. Compound (4) exhibited reasonably strong DPPH free radical scavenging ability (IC₅₀=13 娓璯/mL) and showed diverse antimicrobial competence against Aspergillus flavus, Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans. Compound (3) showed antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus flavus, Bacillus subtilis and weak DPPH free radical scavenging activity. These results of the study had certain significance in the study of traditional Chinese medicine plant and development of new drugs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Dimethyl decanedioate (cas: 106-79-6COA of Formula: C12H22O4).

Dimethyl decanedioate (cas: 106-79-6) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.COA of Formula: C12H22O4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Organic synthesis by use of inorganic salts. XII. Preparation of esters of carboxylic acids in dimethylformamide was written by Yoneda, Shigeo;Yoshida, Zenichi;Fukui, Kenichi. And the article was included in Kogyo Kagaku Zasshi in 1966.Computed Properties of C11H20O4 This article mentions the following:

The reaction of organic halides with RCO2K or RCO2Na proceeds readily in HCONMe2 (I) or Me2SO (II). BuBr (III) treated with AcOK (IV) 2 hrs. at 90-100鎺?in I or II to give AcOBu in 98 or 95% yields. The following esters of carboxylic acids were synthesized by the reaction of organic halides with RCO2K or RCO2Na in I or II [halides, solvents, RCO2K or RCO2Na, reaction temperature, reaction time, and % yield of ester given]: BuF, I, IV, 90-100鎺? 2 hrs., 0; BuF, II, IV, 90-100鎺? 2 hrs., 0; BuCl, I, IV, 90-100鎺? 2 hrs., 19; BuCl, II, IV, 90-100鎺? 2 hrs., 35; BuI, I, IV, 90-100鎺? 2 hrs., 96; BuI, II, IV, 90-100鎺? 2 hrs., 95; III, EtOH, IV, 90-100鎺? 2 hrs., 21; III, HOCH2CH2OH, IV, 90-100鎺? 2 hrs., 17; III, MeCN, IV, 90-100鎺? 2 hrs., 12; III, Me2CO, IV, 70-80鎺? 2 hrs., 39; III, AcNMe2, IV, 90-100鎺? 2 hrs., 98; MeI, I, IV, 30鎺? 4 hrs., 99; EtBr, I, IV, 30鎺? 4 hrs., 98; PrI, I, IV, 90-100鎺? 2 hrs., 97; n-C6H13Br, I, IV, 90-100鎺? 4 hrs., 92; n-C8H17Br, I, IV, 90-100鎺? 8 hrs., 90; CH2:CHCH2Br, I, IV, 30鎺? 2 hrs., 98; CH2:CMeCH2Br, I, IV, 30鎺? 2 hrs., 95; MeCH:CHCH2Br, I, IV, 30鎺? 2 hrs., 95; Ph-CH2Br, I, IV, 30鎺? 2 hrs., 96; III, I, HCO2K, 90-100鎺? 2 hrs., 97; III, I, EtCO2K, 90-100鎺? 4 hrs., 93; III, I, PrCO2K, 90-100鎺? 4 hrs., 90; III, I, BuCO2K, 90-100鎺? 4 hrs., 90; III, I, iso-BuCO2K, 90-100鎺? 4 hrs., 88; III, I, PhCH2CO2K, 90-100鎺? 4 hrs., 95; III, I, CH2:CHCO2K, 90-100鎺? 4 hrs., 92; III, I, MeCH:CHCH:CHCO2K, 90-100鎺? 4 hrs., 90; III, I, PhCH:-CHCO2K, 90-100鎺? 4 hrs., 88; III, I, (KO2C)2, 90-100鎺? 8 hrs., 82; III, I, NaO2CCH2CO2Na, 90-100鎺? 8 hrs., 67; III, I, (NaO2-CCH2)2, 90-100鎺? 8 hrs., 75; III, I, NaO2C(CH2)3CO2NA, 90-100鎺? 8 hrs., 65; III, I, KO2C(CH2)4CO2K, 90-100鎺? 8 hrs., 81; EtBr, I, KO2C(CH:CH)2CO2K, 90-100鎺? 8 hrs., 78; EtBr, I, PhCO2Na, 50-60鎺? 8 hrs., 93; EtBr,I, PhCO2K (V), 50-60鎺? 8 hrs., 94%; III, I, V, 90-100鎺? 8 hrs., 96; n-C6H13Br, I, V, 90-100鎺? 8 hrs., 90; CH2:CHCH2Br, I, V, 90-100鎺? 2 hrs., 97; PhCH2Br, I, V, 90-100鎺? 2 hrs., 93; BrCH2CH2Br, I, IV, 90-100鎺? 8 hrs., 88; Br(CH2)3Br, I, IV, 90-100鎺? 8 hrs., 85; Br(CH2)4Br, I, IV, 90-100鎺? 8 hrs., 80; o-C6H4(CH2Cl)2 (VI), I, IV, 12鎺? 80 hrs., 80; VI, I, K2CO3, 12鎺? 21 hrs., 21; EtBr, I, o-C6H4-(CO2K)2 (VII), 150鎺? 4 hrs., 82; III, I, VII, 150鎺? 4 hrs., 69; III, I, m-C6H4(CO2K)2, 150鎺? 4 hrs., 85; III, I, p-C6H4(CO2K)2, 150鎺? 4 hrs., 83; n-C6H13Br, I, VII, 150鎺? 8 hrs., 75; n-C8H17Br, I, VII, 150鎺? 8 hrs., 72; CH2:CHCH2Br, I, VII, 100鎺? 8 hrs., 61; Ph-CH2Br, I, VII, 100鎺? 8 hrs., 58; BrCH2CH2Br, I, VII, 150鎺? 4 hrs., 85. Treatment of 0.2 mole p-C6H4(CO2K)2 with 0.2 mole Br-CH2CH2Br afforded poly(ethylene terephthalate), m. 242鎺? In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, malonic acid dibutyl ester (cas: 1190-39-2Computed Properties of C11H20O4).

malonic acid dibutyl ester (cas: 1190-39-2) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Computed Properties of C11H20O4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Understanding the Metabolism of Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras (PROTACs): The Next Step toward Pharmaceutical Applications was written by Goracci, Laura;Desantis, Jenny;Valeri, Aurora;Castellani, Beatrice;Eleuteri, Michela;Cruciani, Gabriele. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2020.Category: esters-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Hetero-bifunctional PROteolysis TArgeting Chimeras (PROTACs) represent a new emerging class of small mols. designed to induce polyubiquitylation and proteasomal-dependent degradation of a target protein. Despite the increasing number of publications about the synthesis, biol. evaluation, and mechanism of action of PROTACs, the characterization of the pharmacokinetic properties of this class of compounds is still minimal. Here, we report a study on the metabolism of a series of 40 PROTACs in cryopreserved human hepatocytes at multiple time points. Our results indicated that the metabolism of PROTACs could not be predicted from that of their constituent ligands. Their linkers’ chem. nature and length resulted in playing a major role in the PROTACs’ liability. A subset of compounds was also tested for metabolism by human cytochrome P 450 3A4 (CYP3A4) and human aldehyde oxidase (hAOX) for more in-depth data interpretation, and both enzymes resulted in active PROTAC metabolism In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 12-Methoxy-12-oxododecanoic acid (cas: 3903-40-0Category: esters-buliding-blocks).

12-Methoxy-12-oxododecanoic acid (cas: 3903-40-0) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Copper-catalyzed decarboxylative propargylation/hydroamination reactions: access to C3 灏?ketoester-functionalized indoles was written by Wang, Sasa;Liu, Miao;Chen, Xinzheng;Wang, Huifei;Zhai, Hongbin. And the article was included in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2018.Computed Properties of C12H14O3 This article mentions the following:

A copper-catalyzed reaction of ethynyl benzoxazinanones with readily accessible 灏?ketoesters via a decarboxylative propargylation/hydroamination sequence was developed. This protocol furnished a diverse range of C3 灏?hydroxyester-functionalized indoles I [R¹ = H, 4-Me, 5-Me, 5-OMe, etc.; R² = Me, Ph, Bn, etc.; R³ = Et, i-Pr, Bn, etc.] in good to excellent yields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(m-tolyl)propanoate (cas: 33166-79-9Computed Properties of C12H14O3).

Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(m-tolyl)propanoate (cas: 33166-79-9) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Computed Properties of C12H14O3

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Structural insight into the optimization of ethyl 5-hydroxybenzo[g]indol-3-carboxylates and their bioisosteric analogues as 5-LO/m-PGES-1 dual inhibitors able to suppress inflammation was written by Bruno, Ferdinando;Errico, Suann;Pace, Simona;Nawrozkij, Maxim B.;Mkrtchyan, Arthur S.;Guida, Francesca;Maisto, Rosa;Olgac, Abdurrahman;D’Amico, Michele;Maione, Sabatino;De Rosa, Mario;Banoglu, Erden;Werz, Oliver;Fiorentino, Antonio;Filosa, Rosanna. And the article was included in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2018.Application In Synthesis of Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(m-tolyl)propanoate This article mentions the following:

The release of pro-inflammatory mediators, such as prostaglandines (PGs) and leukotrienes (LTs), arising from the arachidonic acid (AA) cascade, play a crucial role in initiating, maintaining, and regulating inflammatory processes. New dual inhibitors of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) and microsomal prostaglandin E₂ synthase-1 (mPGES-1), that block, at the same time, the formation of PGE₂ and LTs, are currently emerged as a highly interesting drug candidates for better pharmacotherapie of inflammation-related disorders. Following our previous studies, we here performed a detailed structure-based design of benzo[g]indol-3-carboxylate derivatives, disclosing several new key factors that affect both enzyme activity. Et 2-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)-5-hydroxy-1H-benzo[g]indole-3-carboxylate (4b, RAF-01) and Et 2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-1H-benzo[g]indole-3-carboxylate (7h, RAF-02) emerged as the most active compounds of the series. Addnl., together with selected structure based analogs, both derivatives displayed significant in vivo anti-inflammatory properties. In conclusion, modeling and exptl. studies lead to the discovery of new candidate compounds prone to further developments as multi-target inhibitors of the inflammatory pathway. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(m-tolyl)propanoate (cas: 33166-79-9Application In Synthesis of Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(m-tolyl)propanoate).

Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(m-tolyl)propanoate (cas: 33166-79-9) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Application In Synthesis of Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(m-tolyl)propanoate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Mixed dialkylaluminum chlorides and mixed trimethylorganoaluminates in chemoselective 1,4-addition reactions to alkylidene malonic acid diethyl ester was written by Maas, Steffen;Kunz, Horst. And the article was included in Journal fuer Praktische Chemie (Weinheim, Germany) in 2000.Application of 10203-58-4 This article mentions the following:

Mixed (alkyl)methylaluminum chlorides (aryl)methylaluminum chlorides were formed by reaction of methylaluminum dichloride with organolithium or Grignard compounds and used for chemoselective 1,4-addition of higher alkyl, aryl, alkenyl and alkynyl groups to (alkylidene)propanedioates. Such aluminum reagents were prepared in situ; for example: (butyl)methylaluminum chloride, lithium butyltrimethylaluminate(1-), chloro(1-hexynyl)methylaluminum, chloro(ethenyl)methylaluminum. As an alternative, mixed trimethylorganoaluminates can also be applied for these Michael addition reactions. For conjugate addition of alkenyl groups to (alkylidene)propanedioates, alkenyl diisopropylalanes obtained from alkynes and diisopropylaluminum hydride proved the most efficient reagents. Using these novel mixed organoaluminum compounds, 灏?branched malonic (carboxylic) acid derivatives were obtained in good yields. The method offers a general access to 灏?branched carboxylic derivatives of quite diverse structure not dependent on the com. availability of the organoaluminum chlorides. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyl isobutylmalonate (cas: 10203-58-4Application of 10203-58-4).

Diethyl isobutylmalonate (cas: 10203-58-4) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Application of 10203-58-4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Transesterification of diethyl malonate with n-butanol over HPWA/MCM-41 molecular sieves was written by Ajaikumar, S.;Backiaraj, M.;Mikkola, J.-P.;Pandurangan, A.. And the article was included in Journal of Porous Materials in 2013.Name: malonic acid dibutyl ester This article mentions the following:

Mesoporous Si-MCM-41 and Al-MCM-41 (Si/Al = 100) materials were synthesized via a hydrothermal method. Three different ratios (10, 20 and 30 wt%) of heteropoly tungstic acid (HPWA) was loaded on Si-MCM-41 by wet impregnation techniques. The characteristic structural features of the prepared materials were studied by various physico-chem. techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Nitrogen physisorption (BET), temperature programmed desorption of ammonia (TPD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Transesterification of di-Et malonate (DEM) with n-butanol under autogenous conditions in a temperature range from 50 to 125鎺?was selected as the test reaction for the as synthesized materials. The reactants were fed with various mole ratios in order to determine the optimal feed composition leading to maximum yields of transesterified products. The results indicated that the conversion of di-Et malonate depends on the HPWA concentration on the support, temperature, reaction time and mole ratio of the reactants. Further, the catalytic efficiency of HPWA/MCM-41 was compared with that of Al-MCM-41. The solid acid HPWA/MCM-41 catalysts have several advantages in comparison to conventional mineral acid catalysts which are heterogeneous, eco-friendly, highly active and selective in the formation of transesters. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, malonic acid dibutyl ester (cas: 1190-39-2Name: malonic acid dibutyl ester).

malonic acid dibutyl ester (cas: 1190-39-2) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Name: malonic acid dibutyl ester

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Evaluation of carbon mineralization and structural alterations of organic carbon in high-moor peat soils during incubation was written by Sazawa, Kazuto;Kubota, Daiki;Yoshida, Hironori;Hata, Noriko;Wada, Naoya;Kuramitz, Hideki. And the article was included in Journal of Soils and Sediments in 2020.Recommanded Product: 106-79-6 This article mentions the following:

The quantity and quality of soil organic matter (SOM) in the wetlands and peatlands are important for evaluating of the effects of environmental changes. This study’s aim was to evaluate the change in the chem. properties of SOM and dissolved organic matter (DOM) during a constant temperature incubation of high-moor peat soil under two types of vegetation. Incubation of high-moor peat soils collected from marsh vegetation and dwarf bamboo was conducted for 108 days at each temperature of 25鎺矯 and 35鎺矯. The chem. properties of alk. extract and DOM in soil samples during incubation were analyzed by tetramethylammonium hydroxide thermochemolysis-gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (TMAH-GC/MS) and fluorescence anal. The cumulative CO₂ emission from peat under dwarf bamboo was higher than that of peat under marsh vegetation. During incubation at 35鎺矯, plant and microbial residues in DOM extracted from dwarf bamboo soil were increased significantly at the early stages of culture. On the other hand, the components of DOM in the marsh vegetation soil sample did not significantly change between incubation at each temperature The fluorescence spectra showed that protein-like fluorescent DOM contained in dwarf bamboo soil is consumed by microorganisms, which promotes leaching of humic-like fluorescent DOM and carbon mineralization during the incubation period at a higher temperature Compared with marsh vegetation soil, the DOM in dwarf bamboo soil is susceptible to temperature rises and can be a larger source of CO₂ emissions. This study shows that evaluation of DOM properties in soil could be useful to assess the effect of climate change on soil environment. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Dimethyl decanedioate (cas: 106-79-6Recommanded Product: 106-79-6).

Dimethyl decanedioate (cas: 106-79-6) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120鎺?C閳ユ弲閳ユ彊 and O閳ユ弲閳ユ彊 angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C閳ユ彊閳ユ弲 bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Recommanded Product: 106-79-6

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Efficient P-Chiral Biaryl Bisphosphorus Ligands for Palladium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation was written by Jiang, Wenhao;Zhao, Qing;Tang, Wenjun. And the article was included in Chinese Journal of Chemistry in 2018.Application In Synthesis of Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(m-tolyl)propanoate This article mentions the following:

Five structurally novel P-chiral bis(benzooxaphosphole) ligands (BABIBOPs) are developed, providing high efficiency for the 1st time in Pd-catalyzed asym. hydrogenation of 灏?aryl and 灏?alkyl substituted 灏?keto esters. With a palladium BABIBOP catalyst, chiral 灏?hydroxyl carboxylic esters are formed in excellent enantioselectivities (up to>99% ee) and yields at catalyst loading as low as 0.01 mol%. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(m-tolyl)propanoate (cas: 33166-79-9Application In Synthesis of Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(m-tolyl)propanoate).

Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(m-tolyl)propanoate (cas: 33166-79-9) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Application In Synthesis of Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(m-tolyl)propanoate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Antitumor Agents. 174. 2′,3′,4′,5,6,7-Substituted 2-Phenyl-1,8-naphthyridin-4-ones: Their Synthesis, Cytotoxicity, and Inhibition of Tubulin Polymerization was written by Chen, Ke;Kuo, Sheng-Chu;Hsieh, Ming-Chieh;Mauger, Anthony;Lin, Chii M.;Hamel, Ernest;Lee, Kuo-Hsiung. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 1997.Safety of Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(m-tolyl)propanoate This article mentions the following:

Two series of 2′,3′,4′,5,6,7-substituted 2-phenyl-1,8-naphthyridin-4-ones and 2-phenylpyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-ones have been synthesized and evaluated as cytotoxic compounds and as inhibitors of tubulin polymerization Most 2-phenyl-1,8-naphthyridin-4-ones showed potent cytotoxic and anti-tubulin activities, whereas 2-phenylpyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-ones showed no activity in either assay. In general, a good correlation was found between cytotoxicity and inhibition of tubulin polymerization in the 2-phenyl-1,8-naphthyridin-4-one series. The 2-phenyl-1,8-naphthyridin-4-ones with a methoxy group at the 3′-position showed potent cytotoxicity against most tumor cell lines with GI₅₀ values in the low micromolar to nanomolar concentration range in the National Cancer Institute’s 60 human tumor cell line in vitro screen. Introduction of substituents (e.g. F, Cl, CH₃, and OCH₃) at the 4′-position led to compounds with reduced or little activity and substitution at the 2′-position resulted in inactive compounds The effects of various A-ring substitutions on activity depend on the substitution in ring C. Compounds 44-50 were potent inhibitors of tubulin polymerization, with activity nearly comparable to that of the potent antimitotic natural products colchicine, podophyllotoxin, and combretastatin A-4. 2-Phenyl-1,8-naphthyridin-4-ones also inhibited the binding of radiolabeled colchicine to tubulin, but the inhibition was less potent than that obtained with the natural products. Further investigation is underway to determine if substitution at the 3′-position and multi-substitutions in ring C will result in compounds with increased activity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(m-tolyl)propanoate (cas: 33166-79-9Safety of Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(m-tolyl)propanoate).

Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(m-tolyl)propanoate (cas: 33166-79-9) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120鎺?C閳ユ弲閳ユ彊 and O閳ユ弲閳ユ彊 angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C閳ユ彊閳ユ弲 bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Safety of Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(m-tolyl)propanoate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics