Tag: 200-300

Lin, Yanxin;Liu, Yaran;Liu, Shuxun;Kortesniemi, Maaria;Liu, Jiani;Zhu, Baoqing;Laaksonen, Oskar published 《Sensory and chemical characterization of Chinese bog bilberry wines using Check-all-that-apply method and GC-Quadrupole-MS and GC-Orbitrap-MS analyses》. The research results were published in《Food Research International》 in 2022.Reference of Ethyl tetradecanoate The article conveys some information:

The sensory and chem. profiles of com. bog bilberry (BB) wines were investigated using a multi-anal. approach. Sensory test included scaling and check-all-that-apply (CATA) method with questions on liking of BB wine. The sensory data was correlated with their volatile compound profiles determined using gas chromatog. coupled with quadrupole and orbitrap mass spectrometry (GC-Quadrupole/Orbitrap-MS). In general, all BB wines were characterized with “fruity”, “blueberry” and “floral” odors and “sour”, “mouth puckering” and “sweet” flavors. Samples more frequently characterized as “fruity” and “floral” in CATA were preferred by the panelists (n = 93). High relative proportions of o-cymene, p-cymenene, 1-octen-3-one and 3-ethylphenol in a sample (described as “ginger” and “chili”) resulted in a lower liking rating. Similarly, generally disliked sample described with “Chinese herbs” and “licorice” was characterized by compounds 3-methylpentan-1-ol, 1,1,6-trimethyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene, and 4-vinylphenol. The data will give novel information for berry wine and beverage industry on the quality factors of BB wines linked to higher acceptance. The experimental procedure involved many compounds, such as Ethyl tetradecanoate (cas: 124-06-1) .

Ethyl tetradecanoate(cas: 124-06-1) is a labeled component from essential oil of natural hawthorn perfume. Also frequently used in cosmetics, soaps, and flavorings.Reference of Ethyl tetradecanoateEthyl myristate is a long-chain fatty acid ethyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of myristic acid with the hydroxy group of ethanol.

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Favorskaya, T. A.;Yakovlev, I. P. published 《Tertiary alcohols with a cyclobutyl radical. II. Reaction of methylphenylcyclobutylcarbinol with hydrochloric and sulfuric acids》. The research results were published in《Zhurnal Obshchei Khimii》 in 1952.Safety of Diethyl cyclobutane-1,1-dicarboxylate The article conveys some information:

Et cyclobutanecarboxylate (10 g.) and 30 ml. EtOAc passed over 40 g. Cr-Mn catalyst (60 g. CrO₃ treated with 36.5 ml. 26% NH₄OH, diluted to 300 ml., added to 110 g. Mn nitrate in 300 ml. H₂O, treated with 36.5 ml. 26% NH₄OH, filtered, washed, dried at 110°, decomposed by vigorous heating in a dish, and deposited on glass wool) at 440° gave 63% Me cyclobutyl ketone (I), b₇₅₄ 137-9°, b₁₁ 36°, n_D¹⁰ 1.4339, d₄¹⁰ 0.9093 (semicarbazone, m. 135.5°), and a little dicyclobutyl ketone. I (50 g.) treated with PhMgBr and worked up as usual gave 16.5 g. (methylphenylmethylene)cyclobutane (IA), b_0.5 80-3°, n_D^12.5 1.5551, d₄⁰ 0.9859, d₄^12.5 0.9743, d₄²⁰ 0.9683 [oxidation with KMnO₄ gave AcPh and (CH₂CO₂H)₂], and 10 g. methylphenylcyclobutylcarbinol (II), b₁ 100.5-4.0°, n_D²⁰ 1.5358, d₄⁰ 1.0388, d₄¹⁰ 1.0350, d₄²⁰ 1.0316. CH₂(CO₂Et)₂ (3 moles) and 3 moles Br(CH₂)₃Cl in 500 ml. Et₂O added at once to EtONa from 800 ml. EtOH and 2 atoms Na, kept 4 hrs. at 35°, then let stand 24 hrs., diluted with 2.5 l. H₂O, and extracted with Et₂O, gave 93% di-Et (3-chloropropyl)malonate, b₁₀ 142°, this, added at once to an equivalent amount of EtONa in 250 ml. EtOH at 80°, and most of EtOH distilled off, gave upon acidification 88% di-Et 1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylate which, hydrolyzed by 40% NaOH and decarboxylated by distillation, gave 90% cyclobutanecarboxylic acid, yielding with PCl₅ 78.5% acyl chloride, b₄₀ 52-4°. This (100 g.) added to 200 g. AlCl₃ in 750 ml. C₆H₆ at 60° gave 68% cyclobutyl Ph ketone (III), b₁₀ 121.5-2.0°, n_D²⁰.5 1.5472, d₄⁰ 1.0610, d₄¹⁰ 1.0525, d₄²⁰ 1.0440 (semicarbazone, m. 177°). III with Br yielded a mono-Br derivative, m. 61°; III (60 g.) with MeMgBr (from 40 g. MeBr) gave 90% II. II with K₂Cr₂O₇-H₂SO₄ gave AcPh and BzOH; it did not react with 25% H₂SO₄ at 90°; with 50% H₂SO₄ it gave in 6 hrs. some 60% unsaturated hydrocarbons, which were separated into 2 fractions, b₈ 98-101° and b₈ 101-2°, both of which appeared to be moderately pure IA. II in 6 hrs. with 18° HCl at 85° gave an unsaturated hydrocarbon, the normal dehydration product, identified as IA in part, possibly contaminated by 1-phenyl-1-cyclobutylethylene (IV). II with 36% HCl gave in 24 hrs. at 0° 2 hydrocarbons, identical with those described above. Careful distillation gave the pure constituents, 3 parts IA and 1 part IV, b₉ 105-7° n_D²¹ 1.5608, d₄²¹ 0.9838. To complete the study, the researchers used Diethyl cyclobutane-1,1-dicarboxylate (cas: 3779-29-1) .

Diethyl 1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylate(cas:3779-29-1 Safety of Diethyl cyclobutane-1,1-dicarboxylate) reacts with silicon to form diethyl esters and magnesium to form magnesium salts. The reaction time for this compound is short, which may be due to its ability to undergo debromination.

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Padilha, Jose F.;Frety, Roger;Santos, Alane P.;Pontes, Luis A. M.;Santos, Marilia R.;Arias, Santiago;Pacheco, Jose Geraldo A. published 《Deoxygenation of Oleic Acid Methyl Ester in FCC Process Conditions Over Protonated and Sodium Exchanged Y and ZSM-5 Zeolites》 in 2022. The article was appeared in 《Waste and Biomass Valorization》. They have made some progress in their research.COA of Formula: C19H36O2 The article mentions the following:

One way to take advantage from out-of-specification biodiesel and waste from biodiesel tank bottom drainage is to co-process them in a fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) unit. The present work deals with the cracking of oleic acid Me ester (OAME) as a biodiesel model, under conditions close to that of FCC process over ZSM-5 and Y zeolites, either in protonated or sodium forms, towards deoxygenated compounds Catalytic fast cracking of OAME pre-adsorbed on the catalyst surface was performed, with a catalyst:OAME mass ratio of 10:1 in a micro-pyrolysis system at 650°C, coupled to a GC/MS for on line anal. of the products. Results show that the cracking of OAME without a catalyst favored the formation of linear alkenes and polyenes. Fast cracking of OAME over HZSM-5 and HY acidic zeolites led to the production of aromatics, due to hydrogen transfer. Cracking over NaY and HY zeolites produced remarkable amounts of ramified saturated hydrocarbons. The formation of alkylated hydrocarbons was not significant over ZSM-5 zeolite probably due to a small pore size of this zeolite. NaY catalyst favored the production of hydrocarbons in the range of kerosene (C8-C12). Low acidic zeolites favored the production of non-aromatic hydrocarbons. Product distribution was affected by catalyst shape selectivity and acidity. These results suggest that residues from the biodiesel chain can be directly co-processed in FCC units to obtain high value hydrocarbons, mainly in the jet fuel and gasoline ranges.Methyl oleate (cas: 112-62-9) were involved in the experimental procedure.

Methyl oleate(cas: 112-62-9) is a fatty acid methyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of oleic acid with methanol.COA of Formula: C19H36O2 It is also used in biochemical research as a chromatographic reference standard.

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Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Name: Diethyl cyclobutane-1,1-dicarboxylateIn 2011, Xu, Zhaohui;Jiang, Xintao;Liu, Hong;Liao, Weilin published 《Synthesis of polypropylene catalyst internal donor 1,1-cyclopentyl dimethanoldimethyl ether》. 《Shiyou Lianzhi Yu Huagong》published the findings. The article contains the following contents:

1,1-Cyclopentyl dimethanoldimethyl ether was synthesized from di-Et malonate and 1,4-dibromo butane by alkylation, ester reduction and etherification. The key factors affecting reactions were studied and the optimal reaction conditions were found as follows: (1) for alkylation, by using CsOH as catalyst and when di-Et malonate/CsOH/1,4-dibromobutane molar ratio was 1.0:2.2:1.4, the yield of cyclobutane-1,1-dicarboxylic acid di-Et ester was 93.0%; (2)for ester reduction, using anhydro-ZnCl₂ as catalyst and when cyclopentyl-1,1-dicarboxylic acid di-Et ester/KBH₄ molar ratio was 2.0:1.0, the yield of 1,1-cyclopentyl dimethanol was 88.1%; and (3)for etherification, using tetra-Bu ammonium bromide as catalyst and when 1,1-cyclopentyl dimethanol/NaOH/dimethyl carbonate mass ratio was 1.0:8.0:2.4, the yield of 1,1-cyclopentyl dimethanoldimethyl ether was 61.2%.Diethyl cyclobutane-1,1-dicarboxylate (cas: 3779-29-1) were involved in the experimental procedure.

Diethyl 1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylate(cas:3779-29-1 Name: Diethyl cyclobutane-1,1-dicarboxylate) also has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties, which may be due to its ability to inhibit the cb2 receptor and thus interfere with prostaglandin synthesis.

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Ester – Wikipedia,
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Cahyo Kumoro, Andri;Saeed, Mahmood Taha M. N. published 《Ultrasound-assisted transesterification of tropical goat fat – Palm oil blend for biodiesel synthesis》 in 2022. The article was appeared in 《Energy Conversion and Management: X》. They have made some progress in their research.Quality Control of Methyl oleate The article mentions the following:

The increasing trend of global energy demand has encouraged the development of renewable energies, especially those derived from biomass and agricultural residues. This work aimed to study the effect of catalyst loading, temperature, and methanol-to-oil molar ratio on the yield and the reaction kinetics of ultrasound-assisted transesterification of tropical goat fats for biodiesel synthesis. Prior to trans-esterification, the oil extracted from the tropical goat fat was mixed with an equal volume of tropical palm oil to prevent its solidification tendency. To reduce the free fatty acids content of the mixed oil, it was esterified using a methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 9 employing 1 wt% sulfuric acid as the catalyst at 65 °C and 400 rpm agitation speed for 60 min. Then, the esterified oil was further subjected to an ultrasound-assisted transesterification system with sodium hydroxide catalyst for the reaction kinetics and biodiesel synthesis studies. The biodiesel properties were evaluated by both laboratory tests and BiodieselAnalyzer software, which employs the fatty acid Me ester composition obtained from GC-MS anal. The highest conversion (78.50%) was achieved at 65 °C, 2.5 wt% of NaOH, and 8:1 methanol/oil blend molar ratio for 60 min. The pseudo-first order reaction fitted all the exptl. data very well by giving the R2 values higher than 0.98 and an apparent reaction rate constant of 2.15×10-2 min-1 at the optimum condition. Furthermore, all the examined biodiesel physicochem. properties fulfilled the ASTM D6751 standard suggesting the promising potential of goat fats as the raw material for biodiesel manufactureMethyl oleate (cas: 112-62-9) were involved in the experimental procedure.

Methyl oleate(cas: 112-62-9) is a fatty acid methyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of oleic acid with methanol.Quality Control of Methyl oleate It is also used in biochemical research as a chromatographic reference standard.

Reference:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Molchanov, A. P.;Kostikov, R. R. published 《Synthesis of dispiro[2.1.3.1]nonane and trispiro[2.1.1.3⁷.1⁵.1³]-dodecane》 in 2012. The article was appeared in 《Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry》. They have made some progress in their research.Reference of Diethyl cyclobutane-1,1-dicarboxylate The article mentions the following:

The synthesis of dispiro[2.1.3.1]nonane and trispiro[2.1.1.3⁷.1⁵.1³]-dodecane from di-Et cyclobutane-1,1-dicarboxylate is presented. Unique to the spirocyclic hydrocarbons of three, and/or four membered rings are high strain energy and enhanced reactivity which have versatile benefits in organic synthesis. To complete the study, the researchers used Diethyl cyclobutane-1,1-dicarboxylate (cas: 3779-29-1) .

Diethyl cyclobutane-1,1-dicarboxylate (cas:3779-29-1
) is a solid catalyst that can be used in the synthesis of alkylating agents. It is used in the manufacture of cyclopropyl ketones and has been shown to exhibit anticancer properties.

Reference:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

SDS of cas: 112-62-9In 2022, Welter, Rosilene A.;Santana, Harrson;de la Torre, Lucimara G.;Robertson, Mark;Taranto, Osvaldir Pereira;Oelgemoller, Michael published 《Methyl Oleate Synthesis by TiO₂ Photocatalytic Esterification of Oleic Acid: Optimization by Response Surface Quadratic Methodology, Reaction Kinetics and Thermodynamics》. 《ChemPhotoChem》published the findings. The article contains the following contents:

Me oleate, an example of a FAME (fatty acid Me ester), was produced by oleic acid (OA) photoesterification with TiO₂ and UVA light. Different parameters were evaluated and optimized: catalyst pretreatment, temperature (25-65°C), catalyst loading (1-30% weight/weightOA) and oleic acid : alc. molar ratio (1 : 3-1 : 55). Response surface quadratic methodol. obtained by central composite rotational design (RSM-CCRD) was used to evaluate the main operational conditions of the photoesterification process. A high conversion of 98% (±0.8) at 55°C, 20% TiO₂ (weight/weightOA), and 1(OA) : 55(methanol) molar ratio was achieved. The photoesterification mechanism is furthermore proposed. The Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic model considered the forward and backward reaction as first-order fits with the best accuracy (R² of 0.997). The thermodn. results (ΔG_338.15K = -20.75 kJ/mol, ΔH = 13.75 kJ/mol, and ΔS = 0.47 kJ/mol.K) indicate that the operating conditions are important, both to supply the energy requirement of the reaction, but also to increase the miscibility of the reactants.Methyl oleate (cas: 112-62-9) were involved in the experimental procedure.

Methyl oleate(cas: 112-62-9) is an intermediate for detergents, emulsifiers, wetting agents, stabilizers, textile treatments, plasticizers for duplicating inks, rubbers, waxes etc.SDS of cas: 112-62-9 It is also used in biochemical research as a chromatographic reference standard.

Reference:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Application In Synthesis of Diethyl cyclobutane-1,1-dicarboxylate《A novel ring expansion of 1-carbethoxy-1,1-trimethylene-3-diazo-2-propanone》 was published in 1986. The authors were Miller, R. D.;Theis, W., and the article was included in《Tetrahedron Letters》. The author mentioned the following in the article:

Gas phase pyrolysis of title compound I gave butenolide II via ring enlargement initiated by the intramol. reaction of the intermediate ketene III with the pendant ester group. The experimental procedure involved many compounds, such as Diethyl cyclobutane-1,1-dicarboxylate (cas: 3779-29-1) .

Diethyl 1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylate(cas:3779-29-1 Application In Synthesis of Diethyl cyclobutane-1,1-dicarboxylate) reacts with silicon to form diethyl esters and magnesium to form magnesium salts. The reaction time for this compound is short, which may be due to its ability to undergo debromination.

Reference:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Reference of Oxacyclohexadecan-2-oneIn 2020, Polloni, Andre E.;Chiaradia, Viviane;do Amaral, Ronaldo Jose F. C.;Kearney, Cathal;Gorey, Brian;de Oliveira, Debora;de Oliveira, Jose V.;de Araujo, Pedro H. H.;Sayer, Claudia;Heise, Andreas published 《Polyesters with main and side chain phosphoesters as structural motives for biocompatible electrospun fibres》. 《Polymer Chemistry》published the findings. The article contains the following contents:

Phosphoester containing polymers are promising materials in biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability. Utilizing thiol-ene chem., the synthesis of two novel structural polymer motives combining polyesters and phophoester groups was explored. The first polymer was obtained by coupling ene-functional poly(thioether-phosphoester) with thiol functional poly(pentadecalactone). While the coupling reaction was successful, yields remained low presumably due to inadequate endgroup stoichiometry. The second polymer comprised phosphoester side groups conjugated to unsaturated poly(globalide). Double bond conversions up to 84% were achieved depending of the type of phosphoester thiol and relative reactant ratios. The resulting polymers transitioned from solid semicrystaline to liquid amorphous with increasing degree of phosphoester conjugation. Electrospun fibers from polymers with 14% phosphoester conjugation allowed attachment and survival of human dermal fibroblasts, indicating their biocompatibility. These polymers represent a new class of easily accessible biocompatible polyester-phosphoester hybrid materials as potential building blocks for tunable biomaterials.Oxacyclohexadecan-2-one (cas: 106-02-5) were involved in the experimental procedure.

Oxacyclohexadecan-2-one(cas:106-02-5) is a natural product found in Lonicera japonica and Angelica archangelica.Reference of Oxacyclohexadecan-2-one It is a macrocyclic lactone that can be used as a flavoring agent and fragrance ingredient due to its musk flavor/odor.

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Ester – Wikipedia,
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Naddeo, Marco;Vigliotta, Giovanni;Pellecchia, Claudio;Pappalardo, Daniela published 《Synthesis of bio-based polymacrolactones with pendant eugenol moieties as novel antimicrobial thermoplastic materials》 in 2020. The article was appeared in 《Reactive & Functional Polymers》. They have made some progress in their research.Related Products of 106-02-5 The article mentions the following:

In the last few decades there has been a continuous effort toward the synthesis of polymers from renewable resources. In this context we have presently developed novel and fully bio-based functionalized polymacrolactones bearing pendant eugenol moieties. These polymeric materials were obtained by exploiting the ring-opening copolymerization of two macrolactones, ω-6-hexadecenlactone (6HDL) and ω-pentadecalactone (PDL), both derived from renewable resources, in the presence of a pyridylamidozinc(II) complex, to produce random poly(6HDL-co-PDL) copolymers. Eugenol, a natural occurring essential oil with anti-microbial properties, was modified in its mercapto derivative, the 4-(3-mercaptopropyl)-2-methoxyphenol (TE). Subsequently, the thiol-ene addition reaction of the TE to the C-C double bond of the 6HDL monomeric units of the poly(6HDL-co-PDL) copolymers produced the functionalized polymacrolactones with pendant eugenol moieties. The melting temperatures and the thermal degradation behavior of the TE-functionalized copolymers were dependent on the copolymers composition The antimicrobial activity of TE-functionalized copolymers was tested for the bacterium E. coli on films. The toxicity of the samples was dependent on the amount of TE groups in the films. Our approach demonstrated the feasibility to covalently attach eugenol moieties to a polymacrolactone main chain and to impart antimicrobial properties to the macromol. chains.Oxacyclohexadecan-2-one (cas: 106-02-5) were involved in the experimental procedure.

Oxacyclohexadecan-2-one(cas:106-02-5) is a monomer used to make PGA-co-pentadecalactone polymers to be used in the development of directly compressed prolonged release tablets of slightly soluble drugs such as ketoprofen.Related Products of 106-02-5It may be used for the synthesis of poly(pentadecanolide) (PPDL) by Novozyme 435 catalyzed ring-opening polymerization.

Reference:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics