Tag: 100-200

Thadhani, Vinitha M.;Mesaik, M. Ahmed;Asif, Muhammad;Karunaratne, Veranja;Choudhary, Iqbal M. published 《Immunomodulatory activities of some common lichen metabolites》. The research results were published in《International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences》 in 2015.Computed Properties of C10H12O4 The article conveys some information:

Objective: To evaluate the immunomodulatory activities of some of the common lichen compounds by using chemiluminescence based cellular assays. Methods:Number of secondary lichen metabolites, representing a breadth of lichen substances, was investigated for their effects on the respiratory burst of human whole blood phagocytes, isolated human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and murine macrophages using luminol or lucigenin-based chemiluminescence probes. Results: This study identify a clear suppressive effect of some lichen metabolites on phagocytosis response upon activation with serum opsonized zymosan by several lichen substances. Amongst the compounds tested, orsellinic acid, Me orsellinate, Me haematomate, lecanoric acid and lobaric acid, showed a potent immunomodulatory activity as compared to the standards The lobaric acid suppressed both the myloperoxidase dependent and myloperoxidase independent, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production in the oxidative burst of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) at the lowest concentration tested (3.1 μg/mL). Whereas, lecanoric acid, suppressed only the myloperoxidase dependent ROS production with IC50< 3.1 μg/mL when compared to the standard sodium diethyldithiocarbamate trihydrate (SDT) (IC50 = 1.3 ± 0.2 μg/mL). Orsellinic acid, Me orsellinate and Me haematomate showed a selective myloperoxidase independent pathway with IC50 values; < 3.1μg/mL; 6.1 ± 1.0 μg/mL; 3.3 ± 0.1 μg/mL, resp., being lower as compared to standard SDT (IC50= 8.2 ± 1.9 μg/mL). Conclusion: Based on the results obtained it is appropriate to conclude that lichen are not only a good source of antioxidants, but also potent immunomodulators, and thus deserve to be investigated further.Methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate (cas: 4707-47-5) were involved in the experimental procedure.

Methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate(4707-47-5) is used in biological study as role of androgens in inducing distinct response of epithelial-mesenchymal transition factors in human prostate cancer cells.Computed Properties of C10H12O4

Reference:
Ester – Wikipedia,
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Meyer, Lars-Erik;Gummesson, Anja;Kragl, Udo;von Langermann, Jan published 《Development of Ionic Liquid-Water-Based Thermomorphic Solvent (TMS)-Systems for Biocatalytic Reactions》. The research results were published in《Biotechnology Journal》 in 2019.Reference of 1-Phenylethyl acetate The article conveys some information:

The applicability of ionic liquid-water-based thermomorphic solvent (TMS)-systems with an upper critical solution temperature for homogeneous biocatalysis is investigated. Cholinium- and imidazolium-based ionic liquids are used to facilitate a temperature-dependent phase change, which can be easily fine-tuned by adding salts or polar organic solvents. Within the TMS-system, a high enzymic activity and subsequent full conversion is achieved in the intermittent monophasic reaction system of the TMS-system. Therefore, the biocatalyst can be easily recycled after separating the phases at lower temperatures The experimental procedure involved many compounds, such as 1-Phenylethyl acetate (cas: 93-92-5) .

1-Phenylethyl acetate(cas:93-92-5) is a carboxylic ester. Reference of 1-Phenylethyl acetate It may be prepared by acetylation of methyl phenyl carbinol; from benzaldehyde by reacting with magnesium methyl bromide and subsequent acetylation; from 1-bromoethylbenzene and silver acetate in acetic acid.

Reference:
Ester – Wikipedia,
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Youn, Ui Joung;So, Jae Eun;Kim, Ji Hee;Han, Se Jong;Park, Hyun;Kim, Il Chan;Yim, Jung Han published 《Chemical constituents from the Antarctic lichen, Stereocaulon caespitosum》 in 2018. The article was appeared in 《Biochemical Systematics and Ecology》. They have made some progress in their research.Name: Methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate The article mentions the following:

A phytochem. study of the methanol extract of the Antarctic lichen Stereocaulon caespitosum Redgr. led to the isolation of a tridepside (1), two depsides (2 and 3), a montagnetol derivative (4), and four mono-phenolic compounds (5-8). The structures of these compounds were confirmed by 1D- and 2D-NMR (NMR) experiments, as well as by comparison with published values. This is the first phytochem. study of S. caespitosum. In particular, compounds 1, 3, 4, and 8 have been isolated for the first time from the genus Stereocaulon and the family Stereocaulaceae. The chemotaxonomic significance of the isolated compounds is discussed. To complete the study, the researchers used Methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate (cas: 4707-47-5) .

Methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate(4707-47-5) is used in biological study as role of androgens in inducing distinct response of epithelial-mesenchymal transition factors in human prostate cancer cells.Name: Methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate

Reference:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Feng, Chengliang;Yan, Bin;Yin, Guibo;Chen, Junqing;Ji, Min published 《Fe(ClO₄)₃·H₂O-Catalyzed Ritter Reaction: A Convenient Synthesis of Amides from Esters and Nitriles》. The research results were published in《Synlett》 in 2018.Product Details of 93-92-5 The article conveys some information:

An efficient and inexpensive method was developed for the synthesis of N-substituted amides RC(O)NHR¹ [R = Me, cyclopropyl, Ph, etc.; R¹ = t-Bu, c-hexyl, Bn, etc.] via Fe(ClO₄)₃·H₂O-catalyzed Ritter reaction of nitriles with esters. Fe(ClO₄)₃·H₂O was an economically efficient catalyst for Ritter reaction under solvent-free conditions and provided the corresponding amides in high to excellent yields. And 1-Phenylethyl acetate (cas: 93-92-5) was used in the research process.

1-Phenylethyl acetate(cas:93-92-5) is a carboxylic ester. Product Details of 93-92-5 It may be prepared by acetylation of methyl phenyl carbinol; from benzaldehyde by reacting with magnesium methyl bromide and subsequent acetylation; from 1-bromoethylbenzene and silver acetate in acetic acid.

Reference:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

HPLC of Formula: 4707-47-5In 2021, Kalra, Rishu;Conlan, Xavier A.;Areche, Carlos;Dilawari, Rahul;Goel, Mayurika published 《Metabolite profiling of the indian food spice lichen, Pseudevernia furfuracea combined with optimisedextraction methodology to obtain bioactive phenolic compounds》. 《Frontiers in Pharmacology》published the findings. The article contains the following contents:

Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf (Parmeliaceae) is a well-known epiphytic lichen commonly used in Indian spice mixtures and food preparations such as curries. This study is an attempt to find the best extraction methodol. with respect to extractive yield, total polyphenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content and antioxidant activities of lichen P. furfuracea. Two phenolic compounds, atraric acid and olivetoric acid were isolated and quantified in their resp. extracts with the aid of reverse phase high performance liquid chromatog. (RP-HPLC). The highest concentration of both the compounds, atraric acid (4.89 mg/g DW) and olivetoric acid (11.46 mg/g DW) were found in 70% methanol extract A direct correlation was also observed between the concentrations of these compounds with the free radical scavenging potential of the extracts which might contribute towards the antioxidant potential of the extract Moreover, SEM and HPLC anal. which was used to study the effect of pre-processing on extraction process highlighted the capacity of a mixer grinder technique for improved separation of surface localized metabolites and enrichment of the fraction. An investigation of the chem. profile of the bioactive extract 70% methanol extract using UHPLC-DAD-MS lead to tentative identification of forty nine compounds This extract was also assessed towards HEK 293 T cell line for cytotoxicity anal. Concentration range of 0.156 to 100 μg/mL of PF70M extract exhibited no significant cell death as compared to control. Further, the active extract showed protective effect against hydroxyl radical′s destructive effects on DNA when assessed using DNA nicking assay. Based upon this, it can be concluded that optimization of extraction solvent, sample pre-processing and extraction techniques can be useful in extraction of specific antioxidant metabolites. The experimental procedure involved many compounds, such as Methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate (cas: 4707-47-5) .

Methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate(4707-47-5) is used in biological study as role of androgens in inducing distinct response of epithelial-mesenchymal transition factors in human prostate cancer cells.HPLC of Formula: 4707-47-5

Reference:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Reference of 1-Phenylethyl acetate《Insight into the Mechanism of the Acylation of Alcohols with Acid Anhydrides Catalyzed by Phosphoric Acid Derivatives》 was published in 2021. The authors were Hayashi, Hiroyuki;Yasukochi, Shotaro;Sakamoto, Tatsuhiro;Hatano, Manabu;Ishihara, Kazuaki, and the article was included in《Journal of Organic Chemistry》. The author mentioned the following in the article:

Insight into the mechanism of a safe, simple, and inexpensive phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄)-catalyzed acylation of alcs. with acid anhydrides is described. The corresponding in situ-generated diacylated mixed anhydrides, unlike traditionally proposed monoacylated mixed anhydrides, are proposed as the active species. In particular, the diacylated mixed anhydrides act as efficient catalytic acyl transfer reagents rather than as Bronsted acid catalysts simply activating acid anhydrides. Remarkably, highly efficient phosphoric acid (1-3 mol %)-catalyzed acylation of alcs. with acid anhydrides was achieved and a 23 g scale synthesis of an ester was demonstrated. Also, phosphoric acid catalyst was effective for synthetically useful esterification from carboxylic acids, alcs., and acid anhydride. Moreover, with regard to recent developments in chiral 1,1′-bi-2-naphthol (BINOL)-derived phosphoric acid diester catalysts toward asym. kinetic resolution of alcs. by acylation, some phosphate diesters were examined As a result, a ³¹P NMR study and a kinetics study strongly supported not only the acid-base cooperative mechanism as previously proposed by other researchers but also the mixed anhydride mechanism as presently proposed by us. To complete the study, the researchers used 1-Phenylethyl acetate (cas: 93-92-5) .

1-Phenylethyl acetate(cas:93-92-5) is a carboxylic ester. Reference of 1-Phenylethyl acetate It may be prepared by acetylation of methyl phenyl carbinol; from benzaldehyde by reacting with magnesium methyl bromide and subsequent acetylation; from 1-bromoethylbenzene and silver acetate in acetic acid.

Reference:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Gandhi, Arumugam Dhanesh;Miraclin, Prasanna A.;Abilash, Doraiah;Sathiyaraj, Sivaji;Velmurugan, Rajendran;Zhang, Yang;Soontarapa, Khantong;Sen, Priyankar;Sridharan, T. B. published 《Nanosilver reinforced Parmelia sulcata extract efficiently induces apoptosis and inhibits proliferative signalling in MCF-7 cells》. The research results were published in《Environmental Research》 in 2021.Safety of Methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate The article conveys some information:

The Lichen, Parmelia sulcata synthesizes various secondary metabolites, in which phenolic based compounds received much attention due to their importance in biomedical application. Especially the phenolic compound was effective against the cancer treatment. An effective administration of such plant natural product can represent a significant conventional management of cancer in terms of chemoprevention. The nanomedicines are group of agents that selectively interfere the cancer cells which leads to reduction of side effect thereby reducing the doses. Silver nanoparticles is a promising antitumor agent, however, the conventional production of silver nanoparticles have many drawbacks which led to increase in need of eco-friendly biol. production methods. In this study, we made an attempt to synthesize a nano silver (Ps-AgNPs) from phenolic extract of lichen Parmelia sulcata extract The Ps-AgNps was applied for anticancer activity using MCF-7 cells and the effect was characterised by western blotting method. The FTIR, XRD, UV and TEM results confirms the presence of silver nanoparticles in phenolic extract of lichen Parmelia sulcata. The cytotoxicity assay shows that the Ps-AgNPs is toxic against cancer cells (MCF-7) but not to normal cells (NIH3T3), which confirm the selective induction of cell death (apoptosis) against cancer cells. The Western blot anal. also clearly indicates the down regulation of inflammatory genes (TNF-alpha and IL-6) and cell cycle genes (PCNA and Cyclin-D1) thus promoting intrinsic apoptotic pathway. The results suggest that Ps-AgNPs can effectively kill cancer cells and can be used as an alternative therapeutic agent for cancer treatment. To complete the study, the researchers used Methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate (cas: 4707-47-5) .

Methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate(4707-47-5) is used in biological study as role of androgens in inducing distinct response of epithelial-mesenchymal transition factors in human prostate cancer cells.Safety of Methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate

Reference:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Sreedharan, Ramdas;Rajeshwaran, Purushothaman;Panyam, Pradeep Kumar Reddy;Yadav, Saurabh;Nagaraja, C. M.;Gandhi, Thirumanavelan published 《Acylation of oxindoles using methyl/phenyl esters via the mixed Claisen condensation-an access to 3-alkylideneoxindoles》 in 2020. The article was appeared in 《Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry》. They have made some progress in their research.COA of Formula: C9H10O2 The article mentions the following:

Herein, simple acyl sources, viz. Me and Ph esters, which acylate oxindoles via the mixed Claisen condensation are reported. This straightforward protocol is mediated by LiHMDS and KO^tBu and successfully applied to a wide range of substrates. It is a noteworthy transformation that skips the stepwise generation of enolates and acylation, and the reaction is performed at a moderate temperature with no side reactions. This protocol produces the first examples of ortho-substituents in an aryl ring flanked with electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substrates. Interestingly, robust organometallic ferrocenyl Me ester cleaved under these conditions with ease. Furthermore, biol. important Tenidap’s analog was synthesized by this protocol. The experimental procedure involved many compounds, such as Methyl 3-methylbenzoate (cas: 99-36-5) .

Methyl 3-methylbenzoate (cas: 99-36-5) is a common ester. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. Several billion kilograms of polyesters are produced industrially annually, important products being polyethylene terephthalate, acrylate esters, and cellulose acetate.COA of Formula: C9H10O2

Reference:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Van Nguyen, Kieu;Duong, Thuc-Huy;Nguyen, Kim Phi Phung;Sangvichien, Ek;Wonganan, Piyanuch;Chavasiri, Warinthorn published 《Chemical constituents of the lichen Usnea baileyi (Stirt.) Zahlbr》. The research results were published in《Tetrahedron Letters》 in 2018.Computed Properties of C10H12O4 The article conveys some information:

An investigation of the chem. constituents of the lichen U. baileyi (Stirt.) Zahlbr led to the isolation of a new dimeric xanthone, bailexanthone (1), and a novel depsidone, bailesidone (2), along with 25 known metabolites (3-27). Their structures were established by means of extensive spectroscopic anal. and comparison with data reported in the literatures. Compound 1 was derived from a secalonic acid scaffold with C-8/8′ reduction and compound 2 represents the 1st example of menegazziaic acid derivative with an unprecedented B-ring moiety. Compounds 1 and 2 were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against A549 (human lung carcinoma) and HT29 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma) cell lines. The compounds showed weak or no activity against the 2 cell lines. To complete the study, the researchers used Methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate (cas: 4707-47-5) .

Methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate(4707-47-5) is used in biological study as role of androgens in inducing distinct response of epithelial-mesenchymal transition factors in human prostate cancer cells.Computed Properties of C10H12O4

Reference:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Liu, Jidan;Xu, Erjie;Jiang, Jinyuan;Huang, Zeng;Zheng, Liyao;Liu, Zhao-Qing published 《Copper-mediated tandem ring-opening/cyclization reactions of cyclopropanols with aryldiazonium salts: synthesis of N-arylpyrazoles》 in 2020. The article was appeared in 《Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom)》. They have made some progress in their research.Category: esters-buliding-blocks The article mentions the following:

A general method for the synthesis of structurally diverse N-arylpyrazoles I [R = H, 3-Me, 4-Cl, etc.; R¹ = c-Pr, Ph, 3-thienyl, etc.; R² = H, Me, Et, etc.] from readily available cyclopropanols and aryldiazonium salts was disclosed. The reaction was conducted at room temperature within minutes with a broad substrate scope and excellent regioselectivity. And Methyl 3-methylbenzoate (cas: 99-36-5) was used in the research process.

Methyl 3-methylbenzoate (cas: 99-36-5) is a common ester.Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials, and often have a pleasant characteristic, fruity odor. This leads to their extensive use in the fragrance and flavor industry. Ester bonds are also found in many polymers.Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Reference:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics