Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Comparison of the acyl chain specificities of human myristoyl-CoA synthetase and human myristoyl-CoA:protein N-myristoyltransferase was written by Kishore, Nandini S.;Wood, David C.;Mehta, Pramod P.;Wade, Arlene C.;Lu, Tianbao;Gokel, George W.;Gordon, Jeffrey I.. And the article was included in Journal of Biological Chemistry in 1993.Reference of 3903-40-0 This article mentions the following:

Myristoyl-CoA synthetase (I) and protein N-myristoyltransferase (II) were partially purified from a human erythroleukemia cell line. Their substrate specificities were examined using 2 in vitro assays of enzyme activity together with a panel of C₇-C₁₇ saturated fatty acids plus 72 myristic acid analogs containing O, S, ketocarbonyl, ester, amide, cis and trans double bonds, triple bonds, and para-substituted Ph groups. There was an inverse relation between the polarity and the activity of C₁₄ fatty acid substrates of I. Surveys of tetradecenoic and tetradecynoic acids suggested that myristate is bound to I in a bent conformation with a principal bend occurring in the vicinity of C5-C6. I was able to tolerate a somewhat wider range of physicochem. properties in acyl chains than was the monomeric human II. However, like I, there was an inverse relation between acyl chain polarity and the activities of the acyl-CoA substrates of II. Moreover, the acyl chain of myristoyl-CoA appeared to be bound to II in a bent conformation with bends located in the vicinity of C5 and C8. The acyl chain specificities of both enzymes make them well suited to utilize efficiently any cellular pools of 5Z-tetradecenoic and 5Z,8Z-tetradecadienoic acids and their CoA derivatives This feature may account for the recent observation that in some mammalian cell lineages, certain N-myristoyl-proteins are heterogeneously acylated with these C₁₄ fatty acids. Finally, the acyl-CoA binding sites of human and Saccharomyces cerevisiae II appeared to have been highly conserved. Given their overlapping yet distinct peptide substrate specificities, the development of species-specific inhibitors of II should probably focus on structural features recognized in the enzyme peptide substrates rather than in the acyl chain of their acyl-CoA substrates. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 12-Methoxy-12-oxododecanoic acid (cas: 3903-40-0Reference of 3903-40-0).

12-Methoxy-12-oxododecanoic acid (cas: 3903-40-0) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Reference of 3903-40-0

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Aminopyrazine Inhibitors Binding to an Unusual Inactive Conformation of the Mitotic Kinase Nek2: SAR and Structural Characterization was written by Whelligan, Daniel K.;Solanki, Savade;Taylor, Dawn;Thomson, Douglas W.;Cheung, Kwai-Ming J.;Boxall, Kathy;Mas-Droux, Corine;Barillari, Caterina;Burns, Samantha;Grummitt, Charles G.;Collins, Ian;van Montfort, Rob L. M.;Aherne, G. Wynne;Bayliss, Richard;Hoelder, Swen. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2010.Quality Control of Methyl 2-methyl-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzoate This article mentions the following:

We report herein the first systematic exploration of inhibitors of the mitotic kinase Nek2. Starting from HTS hit aminopyrazine I, compounds with improved activity were identified using structure-based design. Our structural biol. investigations reveal two notable observations. First, I and related compounds bind to an unusual, inactive conformation of the kinase which to the best of our knowledge has not been reported for other types of kinase inhibitors. Second, a phenylalanine residue at the center of the ATP pocket strongly affects the ability of the inhibitor to bind to the protein. The implications of these observations are discussed, and the work described here defines key features for potent and selective Nek2 inhibition, which will aid the identification of more advanced inhibitors of Nek2. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 2-methyl-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzoate (cas: 525362-07-6Quality Control of Methyl 2-methyl-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzoate).

Methyl 2-methyl-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzoate (cas: 525362-07-6) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Quality Control of Methyl 2-methyl-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzoate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Characteristic components of botrytized wine. V. Some neutral volatile compounds of botrytized wine was written by Yunome, H.;Nishimura, K.;Masuda, M.;Zenibayashi, Y.;Ohkawa, E.. And the article was included in Hakko Kogaku Kaishi in 1981.Product Details of 15399-05-0 This article mentions the following:

The volatile neutral components of botrytized wines prepared from Riesling and Semillon grapes were isolated and enriched by liquid-liquid extraction (n-pentane) and then analyzed by gas chromatog. and GC-MS spectrometry. Among 143 flavor compounds identified, quant. differences between the botrytized wines and the normal wines were noted for 33 compounds The following compounds were present in larger amounts in the botrytized wines: 3-octanol [589-98-0], 1-octen-3-ol [3391-86-4], benzaldehyde [100-52-7], furfural [98-01-1], γ-nonalactone [104-61-0], phthalide [87-41-2], Et levulinate [539-88-8], Et phenylacetate [101-97-3], di-Et glutarate [818-38-2], di-Et azelate [624-17-9], and 3 unknown compounds Twenty compounds were present in larger amounts in the normal wines. Some of the botrytized wine flavor appeared in normal wine on addition of 13 volatile and 5 nonvolatile compounds characteristic of botrytized wine. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate (cas: 15399-05-0Product Details of 15399-05-0).

Ethyl 2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate (cas: 15399-05-0) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Product Details of 15399-05-0

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Aqueous CO₂ fixation: construction of pyridine skeletons in cooperation with ammonium cations was written by Xiang, Shiqun;Fan, Weibin;Zhang, Wei;Li, Yinghua;Guo, Shiwei;Huang, Deguang. And the article was included in Green Chemistry in 2021.Application of 33166-79-9 This article mentions the following:

A simple and green method is explored for the synthesis of fused pyridines e.g., 3,7-dimethyl-10,12-dihydrodiindeno[1,2-b:2′,1′-e]pyridine by [2 + 2 + 1 + 1] the cycloaddition of ketones e.g., 6-methyl-1-indanone with an ammonium cation under a CO₂ atmosphere. The reactions employed ammonium cation as a nitrogen source and CO₂ gas as a carbon source in an aqueous solution Monoethanolamine (MEA) was used as an additive to increase the solubility of CO₂ in an aqueous solution The scope and versatility of the method are demonstrated with examples e.g., 3,7-dimethyl-10,12-dihydrodiindeno[1,2-b:2′,1′-e]pyridine. Products are found to be photosensitive and show potential applications as organic optoelectronic materials. A selectfluor-promoted reaction mechanism is proposed based on the exptl. studies. This work is superior as it is a metal-free system, uses CO₂ as a carbon source and MEA as an additive in aqueous synthesis. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(m-tolyl)propanoate (cas: 33166-79-9Application of 33166-79-9).

Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(m-tolyl)propanoate (cas: 33166-79-9) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Application of 33166-79-9

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Discovery of PF-04449913, a Potent and Orally Bioavailable Inhibitor of Smoothened was written by Munchhof, Michael J.;Li, Qifang;Shavnya, Andrei;Borzillo, Gary V.;Boyden, Tracey L.;Jones, Christopher S.;LaGreca, Susan D.;Martinez-Alsina, Luis;Patel, Nandini;Pelletier, Kathleen;Reiter, Larry A.;Robbins, Michael D.;Tkalcevic, George T.. And the article was included in ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2012.Recommanded Product: 16413-26-6 This article mentions the following:

Inhibitors of the Hedgehog signaling pathway have generated a great deal of interest in the oncol. area due to the mounting evidence of their potential to provide promising therapeutic options for patients. Herein, we describe the discovery strategy to overcome the issues inherent in lead structure 1 that resulted in the identification of Smoothened inhibitor 1-((2R,4R)-2-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)-3-(4-cyanophenyl)urea (PF-04449913, 26), which has been advanced to human clin. studies. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Cyanophenylisocyanate (cas: 16413-26-6Recommanded Product: 16413-26-6).

3-Cyanophenylisocyanate (cas: 16413-26-6) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Recommanded Product: 16413-26-6

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

A Mild and Efficient Direct α-Amination of β-Dicarbonyl Compounds Using Iodosobenzene and p-Toluenesulfonamide Catalyzed by Perchlorate Zinc Hexahydrate was written by Yu, Jun;Liu, Shan-Shan;Cui, Jian;Hou, Xue-Sen;Zhang, Chi. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2012.COA of Formula: C9H10O3S This article mentions the following:

A direct α-amination of β-dicarbonyl compounds has been achieved by using iodosobenzene (PhIO) as an oxidant and p-toluenesulfonamide (TsNH₂) as an aminating reagent in the presence of a catalytic amount of perchlorate zinc hexahydrate. The present amination reaction proceeds quickly at rt (<30 min needed for most tested substrates) to provide the corresponding α-N-tosylamido β-dicarbonyl compounds in high to excellent yields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(thiophen-2-yl)propanoate (cas: 13669-10-8COA of Formula: C9H10O3S).

Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(thiophen-2-yl)propanoate (cas: 13669-10-8) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.COA of Formula: C9H10O3S

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Viscoelasticity, Tensile Properties, and Microstructure Development in Cyclic Olefin Copolymer/Polyolefin Elastomer Blends was written by Pei, Xiaoshan;Li, Yanxiao;Zhao, Shicheng;He, Xuelian. And the article was included in Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics in 2022.COA of Formula: C73H108O12 This article mentions the following:

The new ethylene/cyclic olefin copolymers (COCs) are a major breakthrough in traditional polyolefins made available by metallocenes, but its high brittleness restricts the applications. Ethylene/1-octene copolymer (POE) with similar backbones is blended with COCs to compensate the rigidity of cyclic segments. Field emission scanning electron microscope photos and Raman spectra demonstrate the existence of abundant phase interfaces between POE and COC, and the phase structure changes from spherical droplets, of partial continuity to cocontinuity with rising POE components. The phase changes are considered as corresponding to the formation, expansion, and coalescence of droplets at melting state according to Van Gurp curves, Han plot, and Cole-Cole plot. Viscoelastic data show that the storage modulus, loss modulus, and complex viscosity reach a high value at medium POE contents. Furthermore, the tensile strength and fracture energy increases and then decreases, the elongation at break increases and Young’s modulus reduces with the increment of POE percentage. Because of the large spherical and ellipsoidal structures and abundant interfaces, the synchronous reinforcement and toughness come true at a medium ratio of POEs. Dynamic mech. anal. confirms the existence of the interfacial layer, and the interfacial layer becomes more pronounced with the rising POE contents exactly as the morphol. and rheol. findings. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,2-Bis(((3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate) (cas: 6683-19-8COA of Formula: C73H108O12).

2,2-Bis(((3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate) (cas: 6683-19-8) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.COA of Formula: C73H108O12

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Inferring the origin of rare fruit distillates from compositional data using multivariate statistical analyses and the identification of new flavour constituents was written by Mihajilov-Krstev, Tatjana M.;Denic, Marija S.;Zlatkovic, Bojan K.;Stankov-Jovanovic, Vesna P.;Mitic, Violeta D.;Stojanovic, Gordana S.;Radulovic, Niko S.. And the article was included in Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture in 2015.COA of Formula: C11H14O3 This article mentions the following:

BACKGROUND In Serbia, delicatessen fruit alc. drinks are produced from autochthonous fruit-bearing species such as cornelian cherry, blackberry, elderberry, wild strawberry, European wild apple, European blueberry and blackthorn fruits. There are no chem. data on many of these and herein we analyzed volatile minor constituents of these rare fruit distillates. Our second goal was to determine possible chem. markers of these distillates through a statistical/multivariate treatment of the herein obtained and previously reported data. RESULTS Detailed chem. analyses revealed a complex volatile profile of all studied fruit distillates with 371 identified compounds A number of constituents were recognized as marker compounds for a particular distillate. Moreover, 33 of them represent newly detected flavor constituents in alc. beverages or, in general, in foodstuffs. With the aid of multivariate analyses, these volatile profiles were successfully exploited to infer the origin of raw materials used in the production of these spirits. It was also shown that all fruit distillates possessed weak antimicrobial properties. CONCLUSION It seems that the aroma of these highly esteemed wild-fruit spirits depends on the subtle balance of various minor volatile compounds, whereby some of them are specific to a certain type of fruit distillate and enable their mutual distinction. © 2014 Society of Chem. Industry. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate (cas: 15399-05-0COA of Formula: C11H14O3).

Ethyl 2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate (cas: 15399-05-0) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.COA of Formula: C11H14O3

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Combining Click Reactions for the One-Pot Synthesis of Modular Biomolecule Mimetics was written by Brinkoe, Anne;Risinger, Christian;Lambert, Annie;Blixt, Ola;Grandjean, Cyrille;Jensen, Henrik H.. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2019.Computed Properties of C16H22O11 This article mentions the following:

Here, we report on the first combined one-pot use of the two so-called “click reactions”: the thiol-ene coupling and the copper-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition These reactions were employed in an alternating and one-pot fashion to combine appropriately functionalized monomeric carbohydrate building blocks to create mimics of trisaccharides and tetrasaccharides as single anomers, with only minimal purification necessary. The deprotected oligosaccharide mimics were found to bind both plant lectins and human galectin-3. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate (cas: 4163-60-4Computed Properties of C16H22O11).

(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate (cas: 4163-60-4) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Computed Properties of C16H22O11

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Electrochemical Behavior of Thiocarbonylthio Chain Transfer Agents for RAFT Polymerization was written by Strover, Lisa T.;Cantalice, Alexis;Lam, Jeff Y. L.;Postma, Almar;Hutt, Oliver E.;Horne, Michael D.;Moad, Graeme. And the article was included in ACS Macro Letters in 2019.COA of Formula: C14H12S2 This article mentions the following:

Electrochem. activation of thiocarbonylthio reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) agents (S=C(Z)S-R) is explored as a potential method for initiating RAFT polymerization under mild conditions without producing initiator-derived byproducts. Herein we apply cyclic voltammetry to establish a predominant reduction mechanism, where electrochem. reduction is coupled to an irreversible first-order chem. reaction. Structure-dependent trends in cyclic voltammograms (CVs), and comparison to absorption spectra, clarify the role of R- and Z-groups in determining reduction processes. The major reduction peak moves to more cathodic potentials in the series dithiobenzoates > trithiocarbonates > heteroaromatic dithiocarbamates > xanthates ∼ N-alkyl-N-aryldithiocarbamates, due to the Z-group influence on thiocarbonyl bond reactivity. More active (electron-withdrawing, radical stabilizing) R-groups shift the reduction peak anodically, in part due to their influence on the rate of the coupled chem. reaction. Anal. of CVs across a range of scan rates revealed that kinetic control over the reduction mechanism is influenced by both the charge transfer rate and chem. reaction rate. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Benzyl benzodithioate (cas: 27249-90-7COA of Formula: C14H12S2).

Benzyl benzodithioate (cas: 27249-90-7) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.COA of Formula: C14H12S2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics