Fast pyrolysis of fermentation residue derived from Saccharina japonica for a hybrid biological and thermal process was written by Choi, Jae Hyung;Kim, Seung-Soo;Kim, Jinsoo;Woo, Hee Chul. And the article was included in Energy (Oxford, United Kingdom) in 2019.Safety of Methyl2-methylbutyrate This article mentions the following:
Pyrolysis characteristics of Saccharina japonica fermentation residue (SJFR) were systematically investigated using a thermogravimetric analyzer and a bubbling fluidized-bed reactor. Thermogravimetric (TG) characteristics of the SJFRs with increasing fermentation time (1-6 day) showed a decrease of second peak related to fermentable carbohydrates (e.g., alginate and fucoidan) and an increase of third peak related to non-fermentable carbon sources. The calculated apparent activation energy of the SJFRs ranged from 20.21 to 295.46 kJ/mol, depending on the conversion rate of 5-80%. Between 10 and 40% conversion at 225-310°C, the apparent activation energies of the SJFRs on each conversion decreased with increasing the fermentation time (1-6 day). The bubbling fluidized-bed pyrolysis of the SJFR-4D and -6D showed the high bio-oil yield of 39.86 and 40.12 wt%, resp. at 375°C and 4.0 × Umf, and the HHVs of the organic bio-oils were 28.95-29.34 MJ/kg. The characteristics of the bio-oil derived from SJFRs were analyzed by GC-MS and the TG-based simulated distillation The fractions of gas oil and heavy gas oil were increased, whereas the one of gasoline decreased with increasing fermentation time. It is attributed to a decrease of the fermented carbohydrates (e.g., alginate and fucoidan) related to the gasoline fraction. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl2-methylbutyrate (cas: 868-57-5Safety of Methyl2-methylbutyrate).
Methyl2-methylbutyrate (cas: 868-57-5) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Safety of Methyl2-methylbutyrate
Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics