Category: 617-52-7

Stakhi, Sergey A. published the artcileDetermination of Monomer Reactivity Ratios in Controlled Copolymerization of Acrylonitrile with Unsaturated Methyl Esters, Synthetic Route of 617-52-7, the publication is Polymer Science, Series B: Polymer Chemistry (2020), 62(3), 169-175, database is CAplus.

This paper reports the investigation of copolymerization of acrylonitrile with Me acrylate, di-Me maleate, di-Me fumarate and di-Me itaconate via atom transfer radical polymerization mechanism using copper bromide as a catalyst in combination with tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine as a ligand. The reactivity ratios of monomers were evaluated using the Finemann-Ross and Kelen-Tudos methods basing on the copolymer composition determined by ¹H NMR spectroscopy. It was found that reversible deactivation mechanism has no significant influence on the monomer reactivity ratios. It was found that among the tested comonomers Me acrylate and di-Me itaconate seem to be the most suitable ones for obtaining well-defined copolymers of acrylonitrile.

Polymer Science, Series B: Polymer Chemistry published new progress about 617-52-7. 617-52-7 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Alkenyl,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Ester, name is Dimethyl itaconate, and the molecular formula is C17H14O5, Synthetic Route of 617-52-7.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Stakhi, Sergey A. published the artcileTandem catalysis of Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of acrylonitrile based on simultaneous use of two copper complexes, Recommanded Product: Dimethyl itaconate, the publication is Journal of Polymer Research (2021), 28(12), 457, database is CAplus.

The novel approach for conducting ARGET ATRP based on simultaneous use of two copper complexes based on tris[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]amine (Me₆TREN), 2,2′-bipyridine (bipy) and tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (TPMA) in one pot is proposed. This approach allows to increase the rate of polymerization of acrylonitrile and to achieve polymers with high mol. weights The performed electrochem. studies allowed establishing the possible mechanism of tandem catalysis where the more reducing complex mostly acts as activator determining the high polymerization rate while the second one reversible deactivates polymer chain preserving the control over the process. The influence of initiator nature and the ratio between copper catalysts on the polymerization rate and the mol. weight parameters of the samples was studied. It was shown that the proposed system may be applied for obtaining well-defined copolymers of acrylonitrile with Me acrylate and di-Me itaconate via ARGET ATRP mechanism using low copper concentrations

Journal of Polymer Research published new progress about 617-52-7. 617-52-7 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Alkenyl,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Ester, name is Dimethyl itaconate, and the molecular formula is C10H10O2, Recommanded Product: Dimethyl itaconate.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Hoyle, Christopher published the artcileItaconate and fumarate derivatives inhibit priming and activation of the canonical NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophages, COA of Formula: C7H10O4, the publication is Immunology (2022), 165(4), 460-480, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multiprotein complex that regulates caspase-1 activation and subsequent interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 release from innate immune cells in response to infection or injury. Derivatives of the metabolites itaconate and fumarate, di-Me itaconate (DMI), 4-octyl itaconate (4OI) and di-Me fumarate (DMF) limit both expression and release of IL-1β following NLRP3 inflammasome activation. However, the direct effects of these metabolite derivatives on NLRP3 inflammasome responses require further investigation. Using murine bone marrow-derived macrophages, mixed glia and organotypic hippocampal slice cultures (OHSCs), we demonstrate that DMI, 4OI and DMF pretreatments inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokine production in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), as well as inhibit subsequent NLRP3 inflammasome activation induced by nigericin. DMI, 4OI, DMF and monomethyl fumarate (MMF), another fumarate derivative, also directly inhibited biochem. markers of NLRP3 activation in LPS-primed macrophages, mixed glia, OHSCs and human macrophages in response to nigericin and imiquimod, including ASC speck formation, caspase-1 activation, gasdermin D cleavage and IL-1β release. DMF, an approved treatment of multiple sclerosis, as well as DMI, 4OI and MMF, inhibited NLRP3 activation in macrophages in response to lysophosphatidylcholine, which is used to induce demyelination, suggesting a possible mechanism for DMF in multiple sclerosis through NLRP3 inhibition. The derivatives also reduced pro-IL-1α cleavage in response to the calcium ionophore ionomycin. Together, these findings reveal the immunometabolic regulation of both the priming and activation steps of NLRP3 activation in macrophages. Furthermore, we highlight itaconate and fumarate derivatives as potential therapeutic options in NLRP3- and IL-1α-driven diseases, including in the brain.

Immunology published new progress about 617-52-7. 617-52-7 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Alkenyl,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Ester, name is Dimethyl itaconate, and the molecular formula is C7H10O4, COA of Formula: C7H10O4.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Suriano, Raffaella published the artcileEnvironmental Profile and Technological Validation of New High-T_gUnsaturated Polyesters from Fully Bio-Based Monomers and Reactive Diluents, Product Details of C7H10O4, the publication is Journal of Polymers and the Environment (2021), 29(4), 1122-1133, database is CAplus.

This study was focused on the synthesis and characterization of a fully bio-based unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) with good thermal properties suitable for the com. production of composite polymers. UPRs based on different ratios of bio-based furan dicarboxylic acid (FDCA), itaconic acid, and diols were synthesized. The unsaturated polymers prepared were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry, gel permeation chromatog., FTIR and ¹H-NMR spectroscopy. The results showed pos. effects of FDCA on the glass transition temperature (T_g) of these fully bio-based polyesters, especially when FDCA was combined with 1,2-propanediol. Optimal values of T_g were obtained in the range of 30-32°C for UPRs synthesized starting with a higher concentration of FDCA in the monomer feed. The possibility of substituting styrene, which usually acts as a reactive diluent, with a greener and safer alternative during the crosslinking of UPRs, was also explored. Two bio-based reactive diluents were considered: di-Me itaconate (DMI) and butanediol dimethacrylate. After crosslinking, an average T_g of 75°C and a good crosslinking efficiency indicated by a gel content of 90% were achieved for the fully bio-based polyester obtained under milder reaction conditions and dilution with DMI. Life cycle assessment was performed on selected UPRs, and comparison with a reference fossil-based resin in terms of the calculated category indicator results confirmed the lower environmental impact of the newly prepared bio-based polyesters.

Journal of Polymers and the Environment published new progress about 617-52-7. 617-52-7 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Alkenyl,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Ester, name is Dimethyl itaconate, and the molecular formula is C12H15ClO3, Product Details of C7H10O4.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Jang, Sungchan published the artcileDimethyl Itaconate Reduces α-MSH-Induced Pigmentation via Modulation of AKT and p38 MAPK Signaling Pathways in B16F10 Mouse Melanoma Cells, Computed Properties of 617-52-7, the publication is Molecules (2022), 27(13), 4183, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Di-Me itaconate (DMI) exhibits an anti-inflammatory effect. Activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is implicated in the inhibition of melanogenesis. Therefore, DMI and itaconic acid (ITA), classified as NRF2 activators, have potential uses in hyperpigmentation reduction The activity of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element-binding protein (CREB), an important transcription factor for MITF gene promoter, is regulated by glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) and protein kinase A (PKA). Here, we investigated the inhibitory effect of ITA and DMI on alpha-MSH (α-MSH)-induced MITF expression and the modulatory role of protein kinase B (AKT) and GSK3β in melanogenesis in B16F10 mouse melanoma cells. These cells were incubated with α-MSH alone or in combination with ITA or DMI. Proteins were visualized and quantified using immunoblotting and densitometry. Compared to ITA, DMI treatment exhibited a better inhibitory effect on the α-MSH-induced expression of melanogenic proteins such as MITF. Our data indicate that DMI exerts its anti-melanogenic effect via modulation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and AKT signaling pathways. In conclusion, DMI may be an effective therapeutic agent for both inflammation and hyperpigmentation.

Molecules published new progress about 617-52-7. 617-52-7 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Alkenyl,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Ester, name is Dimethyl itaconate, and the molecular formula is C7H10O4, Computed Properties of 617-52-7.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Matcha, Kiran published the artcileHeck Reaction of 2-Oxyacrylates with Aryl Bromides: A Common Route to Monoaryl Pyruvates and Ortho Ester-Protected Monoaryl Pyruvates, Related Products of esters-buliding-blocks, the publication is Journal of Organic Chemistry (2022), 87(16), 10736-10746, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

A palladium-catalyzed Heck reaction between 2-oxyacrylates and aryl bromides was developed, where DavePhos was a unique ligand that efficiently promoted the reaction. The products, 2-oxycinnamates I [R¹ = 4-MeC₆H₄, 4-FC₆H₄, 4-F₃CC₆H₄, etc.; R² = OMe, CH₂CO₂Me, NHAc, OAc, Opiv, OCOPh], served as excellent precursors, provided synthetically useful monoaryl pyruvates or ortho ester-protected monoaryl pyruvates depending on the nature of the 2-oxy group. The formation of such ortho esters via alkoxide addition was novel, and computational studies identified a plausible mechanism with an oxyallyl zwitterion as the key intermediate.

Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about 617-52-7. 617-52-7 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Alkenyl,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Ester, name is Dimethyl itaconate, and the molecular formula is C7H10O4, Related Products of esters-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Han, Junyong published the artcileExperimental study on the effect of dimethyl itaconate on insulitis in non-obese diabetic mice, Formula: C7H10O4, the publication is Fujian Yiyao Zazhi (2021), 43(6), 122-125, database is CAplus.

Objective To investigate the effect of di-Me itaconate on insulitis in NOD mice. Methods The phenotypic changes of RAW 264.7 macrophages induced by di-Me itaconate were detected by flow cytometry, and the effect of di-Me itaconate on the secretion of RAW 264.7 cytokines (IL-6, IL-12 and TNF-α) were observed by ELISA. At the same time, di-Me itaconate was injected i.p. into NOD mice to further explore its effect on islet inflammation. Results Di-Me itaconate reduced the M1/M2 ratio of macrophages and converted macrophages to M2 type, and also reduced the secretion of IL-6, IL-12 and TNF-α. The islet score of 50 mg/kg di-Me itaconate reached 1.115±0.7821. Conclusion Di-Me itaconate can alleviate insulitis in NOD mice by phenotypic transformation of M1/M2 macrophages.

Fujian Yiyao Zazhi published new progress about 617-52-7. 617-52-7 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Alkenyl,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Ester, name is Dimethyl itaconate, and the molecular formula is C7H10O4, Formula: C7H10O4.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Moritz, Jan-Ole published the artcileP-Chirogenic Diphosphazanes with Axially Chiral Substituents and Their Use in Rh-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation, Synthetic Route of 617-52-7, the publication is Journal of Organic Chemistry (2020), 85(22), 14537-14544, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

A convenient synthesis of enantiopure P-chirogenic diphosphazanes incorporating bulky bisphenol and 1,1′-bi-2-naphthol-derived substituents via the functionalization of a readily accessible enantiopure lithium phosphinoamide with chlorophosphoridites was developed. Since the product requires no subsequent deprotection, the protocol provides an easy, convenient synthesis of P-chirogenic ligands on the gram scale. The ligands were applied in the Rh-catalyzed asym. hydrogenation of benchmark substrates furnishing enantiomeric excess values up to 96%.

Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about 617-52-7. 617-52-7 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Alkenyl,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Ester, name is Dimethyl itaconate, and the molecular formula is C7H10O4, Synthetic Route of 617-52-7.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Shou, Yufeng published the artcileToward Renewable and Functional Biomedical Polymers with Tunable Degradation Rates Based on Itaconic Acid and 1,8-Octanediol, Application In Synthesis of 617-52-7, the publication is ACS Applied Polymer Materials (2021), 3(4), 1943-1955, database is CAplus.

Biomedical polymers face rigid requirements for the biocompatibility of their monomers, the final polymeric product, and their residual reagents from their synthesis schemes. However, their preparation still heavily relies on nonrenewable resources. Itaconate (ITA) is an organic acid that is used as a platform chem. for the production of numerous value-added chems. and serves as a valuable green chem. alternative to petrochem. derivatives In recent years, the multiple roles of this mol. in cell metabolism have generated great attention, particularly as a modulator of inflammation and infection. Recently, we developed a family of ITA polyesters that leverage hydrolytically driven degradation to recapitulate its biofunctionality. This renewable-based material platform warrants characterization of material properties based on synthesis conditions in order to advance their potential application. In this work, we describe the development of ITA polyesters relying on defined reaction feed ratios and reaction times. Material characterization highlighted the significant impact of changing molar feed on mol. weight, which corresponded to increased viscosity and decreased percent degradation Using 20% excess ITA monomers in the reaction led to optimal outcomes, suggesting opportunities in future material design. Leveraging this characterization, ITA polyesters can be altered through synthesis conditions to achieve appropriate and specific biopolymer applications.

ACS Applied Polymer Materials published new progress about 617-52-7. 617-52-7 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Alkenyl,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Ester, name is Dimethyl itaconate, and the molecular formula is C4H11NO, Application In Synthesis of 617-52-7.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Schmidt, Maximilian M. published the artcileInfluence of Charges on the Behavior of Polyelectrolyte Microgels Confined to Oil-Water Interfaces, Synthetic Route of 617-52-7, the publication is Langmuir (2020), 36(37), 11079-11093, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The role of electrostatics on the interfacial properties of polyelectrolyte microgels has been discussed controversially in the literature. It is not yet clear if, or how, Coulomb interactions affect their behavior under interfacial confinement. In this work, we combine compression isotherms, at. force microscopy imaging, and computer simulations to further investigate the behavior of pH-responsive microgels at oil-water interfaces. At low compression, charged microgels can be compressed more than uncharged microgels. The in-plane effective area of charged microgels is found to be smaller in comparison to uncharged ones. Thus, the compressibility is governed by in-plane interactions of the microgels with the interface. At high compression, however, charged microgels are less compressible than uncharged microgels. Microgel fractions located in the aqueous phase interact earlier for charged than for uncharged microgels because of their different swelling perpendicular to the interface. Therefore, the compressibility at high compression is controlled by out-of-plane interactions. In addition, the size of the investigated microgels plays a pivotal role. The charge-dependent difference in compressibility at low compression is only observed for small but not for large microgels, while the behavior at high compression does not depend on the size. Our results highlight the complex nature of soft polymer microgels as compared to rigid colloidal particles. We clearly demonstrate that electrostatic interactions affect the interfacial properties of polyelectrolyte microgels.

Langmuir published new progress about 617-52-7. 617-52-7 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Alkenyl,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Ester, name is Dimethyl itaconate, and the molecular formula is C7H10O4, Synthetic Route of 617-52-7.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics