Category: 539-88-8

Yuan, Chuan published the artcileOptimization of hydrothermal co-liquefaction of seaweeds with lignocellulosic biomass: Merging 2nd and 3rd generation feedstocks for enhanced bio-oil production, Formula: C7H12O3, the main research area is lignocellulose rice husk Enteromorpha biooil hydrothermal coliquefaction process optimization.

The present work aimed to explore the optimized conditions of hydrothermal co-liquefaction (co-HTL) of the green seaweed “”Enteromorpha clathrata (EN)”” and the lignocellulosic agricultural waste “”rice husk (RH)””. Sep. hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of EN and RH showed bio-oil yields of 26.0% and 45.6%, resp. However, co-HTL under optimized conditions showed significant increase in the bio-oil yield by 71.7% over that of EN, and insignificant difference with that of RH. Nevertheless, the conversion ratio of co-HTL showed 10.6% significant increase over that of RH. GC-MS results showed that main compounds of EN and RH bio-oil lump into the C15-C20 and C5-C12 regions, mainly representing carbon range of diesel and gasoline, resp. Short-chain (C5-C12) and long-chain (C14-C20) compounds in the bio-oil obtained by co-HTL represented 72% and 28%, resp. In addition, the ratio of aromatic compounds in the bio-oil of RH was reduced by 9.3% as a result of co-HTL. In conclusion, results suggested 50% ethanol as a co-solvent, 300°C and 45 min as optimum conditions for co-HTL of EN:RH (1:1 weight/weight). The present study demonstrated an efficient route for co-HTL of 3rd generation feedstocks with 2nd generation feedstocks which will have a significant impact on large-scale applications.

Energy (Oxford, United Kingdom) published new progress about Agricultural wastes. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Formula: C7H12O3.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Chen, Panpan published the artcileSensory-directed decoding of key aroma compounds from Jiugui-series Baijiu, the representative of Fuyu-flavor-type Baijiu (FFTB), Safety of Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, the main research area is aroma compound fuyu flavor baijiu.

The key odorants of Jiugui-series Baijiu (Y and R) were explored systematically for the first time by a sensory-directed flavor anal. approach. A total of 144 aroma-active compounds were identified by pH regulated liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and headspace solid phase microextaction (HS-SPME) combined with gas chromatog.-olfactometry-mass spectrometry (GC-O-MS), and 92 of these were first reported. The aroma extract dilution anal. (AEDA) was used for screening the potential important aroma compounds The overall aroma profiles of Y and R were successfully simulated (similarity = 95.47%, and 90.21%, resp.) by mixing the odorants (OAV �1) with their natural concentrations in 52% ethanol/water solutions The omission tests revealed that Et acetate, Et lactate, Et butyrate, Et pentanoate, Et hexanoate, Et octanoate, Et dodecanoate, di-Me trisulfide, acetic acid, propionic acid, butanoic acid, isovaleric acid, hexanoic acid, octanoic acid, and p-cresol were identified as the key aroma compounds In particular, benzenemethanethiol played an important role in the typical aroma of Y and R, which had a burnt or baked-like odor and was a new finding.

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis published new progress about Alcoholic beverages. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Safety of Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Shrikhande, Savyasachi published the artcileIntensification and analysis of ethyl levulinate production process having a reactive distillation through vapor recompression and bottom flash techniques, Category: esters-buliding-blocks, the main research area is ethyl levulinate production process reactive distillation through vapor recompression.

Et levulinate (EL) is an important biodiesel blending ingredient. Reactive distillation (RD) and distillation are energy intensive operations in the EL process studied in this work. Therefore, the intensification approach for energy reduction in these operations is important. In this study, we investigated the implementation of vapor recompression (VR), multistage vapor recompression (MVR) and bottom flash (BF) techniques in the EL production process having one reactive distillation and two normal distillations for the first time. New intensified cases are- VR in RD (RD-VR), BF in RD (RD-BF), MVR in C1 column (C1-MVR), BF in C2 column (C2-BF), and hybrid RD-BF/C2-BF. Performance of these intensified cases is investigated and compared against the base case in terms of energy savings, total annual cost (TAC), carbon emission, energy consumed per ton of EL and cost of processing per kg of EL. It is found that the RD-BF/C2-BF scheme yields 61% reduction in overall heating duty, 35.5% reduction in TAC, and 58.76% reduction in carbon emission, with respect to the base case. Cost of EL production is found to be $ 6.6 per kg. This study is important as it focuses on economic as well as environmental aspects.

Chemical Engineering and Processing published new progress about Equilibrium constant. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Category: esters-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Giacomin, Wanderson R. Jr. published the artcilePhase Equilibrium Measurements and Thermodynamic Modeling of the Systems (CO2 + Ethyl Levulinate) and (CO2 + Levulinic Acid), Quality Control of 539-88-8, the main research area is phase equilibrium thermodn model system carbon dioxide ethyl levulinate.

This work reports phase equilibrium measurements and thermodn. modeling of the binary systems (CO2 + Et levulinate) and (CO2 + levulinic acid). Each composition was carried out in a high-pressure variable-volume view cell at temperatures ranging from 303.15 to 353.15 K and with CO2 mole fraction ranging from 0.4002 to 0.9751 for the system (CO2 + Et levulinate) and from 0.4083 to 0.9930 for the system (CO2 + levulinic acid). Under these conditions, only vapor-liquid phase transitions were observed The exptl. data were modeled with the Peng-Robinson cubic equation of state with the Boston-Mathias alpha function (PR-BM) and using the van der Waals quadratic mixing rule. The exptl. data of the system (CO2 + Et levulinate) were adequately represented by the thermodn. model with a unique set of binary interaction parameters, which were fitted from all isotherms. Whereas the exptl. data of the system (CO2 + levulinic acid) were only adequately represented with temperature-dependent binary interaction parameters.

Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data published new progress about Binary phase diagram. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Quality Control of 539-88-8.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Dutta, Saikat published the artcileRecent Advances in the Value Addition of Biomass-Derived Levulinic Acid: A Review Focusing on its Chemical Reactivity Patterns, SDS of cas: 539-88-8, the main research area is review levulinic acid biomass chem reaction.

Levulinic acid (LA) is one of the most prominent biomass-derived chem. building blocks that can be transformed into specialty chems. like fuels, solvents, monomers for polymers, plasticizers, surfactants, agrochems., and pharmaceuticals. Over the past three decades, an enormous amount of research data have been acquired on the preparation and downstream value addition of LA, and these works have been reviewed. However, considering the astonishing number of publications appearing every year on LA derivatives, the periodical review of recent works focusing on unique aspects of chem. must be undertaken to critically evaluate the achievements to date, reassess the challenges, and recognize new opportunities. This review discusses the chem.-catalytic synthesis of various derivatives of LA by focusing on its functionalities and reactivity patterns. Recent literature on some crucial derivatives such as γ-valerolactone, 4,4-diphenolic acid, and Et levulinate have been tabulated and discussed. The synthetic interconversion between various derivatives, mechanistic insights, critical anal. of the reaction parameters toward selective preparation of various derivatives, and their potential com. applications have been elaborated using predominantly heterogeneous catalysts. A critical assessment of the relative advantages and shortcomings of the existing synthetic strategies for various derivatives of LA has been presented to enkindle fresh ideas.

ChemCatChem published new progress about Biochemical reaction. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, SDS of cas: 539-88-8.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Zhang, Zhi published the artcileAn alumina-coated UiO-66 nanocrystalline solid superacid with high acid density as a catalyst for ethyl levulinate synthesis, Formula: C7H12O3, the main research area is sulfate impregnated zirconia alumina catalyst preparation property; glucose dehydration ethyl levulinate.

The zirconium-containing metal-organic framework (MOF) UiO-66 was used as a cell to synthesize SO42-/ZrO2@Al2O3, a high-d. superacid with relatively strong Bronsted acidity. The UiO-66 MOF was first coated with alumina to form ZrO2@Al2O3. Impregnation with ammonium sulfate and calcination at 500°C afforded the bimetallic composite solid superacid SO42-/ZrO2@Al2O3. RESULTS : Scanning and transmission electron microscopy images confirmed that UiO-66 was successfully coated with aluminum oxide, and its octahedral structure and uniform size (400-600 nm) were retained. SO42-/ZrO2@Al2O3 had a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller sp. surface area of 301-330 m2 g-1 and average pore diameter of 9.6-10.7 nm. XPS and Fourier transform IR anal. showed that SO42-/ZrO2@Al2O3 contained S6+ and Al3+. Temperature-programmed ammonia desorption anal. showed that SO42-/ZrO2@Al2O3 contained super-strong acid sites. The total volume of desorbed ammonia reached 90-109 cm3 g-1. IR spectra of adsorbed pyridine indicated that SO42-/ZrO2@Al2O3 contained mainly Lewis acid sites and was relatively rich in Bronsted acid sites. Thermogravimetric anal. showed that the thermal stability of SO42-/ZrO2@Al2O3 was high. SO42-/ZrO2@Al2O3-3M (the impregnation concentration of ammonium sulfate was 3 mol L-1) and glucose were used to synthesize Et levulinate (EL) in ethanol. The highest EL yield of 37.5 mol% was obtained after reacting the mixture at 200°C for 5 h. An EL yield of 28.8 mol% was obtained after four consecutive reuses of the SO42-/ZrO2@Al2O3-3M catalyst.

Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology published new progress about Dehydration catalysts. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Formula: C7H12O3.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Song, Jinliang published the artcileHighly efficient Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley reductions over a robust zirconium-organoboronic acid hybrid, SDS of cas: 539-88-8, the main research area is robust zirconium organoboronic acid hybrid catalyst preparation; alc preparation; aldehyde Meerwein Ponndorf Verley reduction zirconium organoboronic acid catalyst; ketone Meerwein Ponndorf Verley reduction zirconium organoboronic acid catalyst.

The Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley (MPV) reaction is an attractive approach to selectively reduce carbonyl groups and the design of advanced catalysts is the key for these kinds of interesting reactions. Herein, a fabricated a novel zirconium organoborate using 1,4-benzenediboronic acid (BDB) as the precursor for MPV reduction The prepared Zr-BDB had excellent catalytic performance for the MPV reduction of various biomass-derived carbonyl compounds, such as levulinate esters, aldehydes and ketones R1C(O)R2 [R1 = Ph, furan-2-yl, Me, etc.; R2 = H, hexyl, Bn, etc.]. More importantly, the number of borate groups on the ligands significantly affected the catalytic activity of the Zr-organic ligand hybrids, owing to the activation role of borate groups on hydroxyl groups in the hydrogen source. Detailed investigations revealed that the excellent performance of Zr-BDB was contributed by the synergetic effect of Zr4+ and borate. Notably, this was the first work to enhance the activity of Zr-based catalysts in MPV reactions using borate groups.

Green Chemistry published new progress about Aldehydes Role: RCT (Reactant), RACT (Reactant or Reagent). 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, SDS of cas: 539-88-8.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Zhang, Haiyan published the artcileCobalt-catalyzed diastereo- and enantioselective allyl addition to aldehydes and α-ketoesters through allylic C-H functionalization, Recommanded Product: Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, the main research area is homoallylic alc preparation diastereo enantioselective; aldehyde ketoester allylbenzene cobalt catalyst allyl addition.

Development of catalytic generation of allyl-metal complexes through allylic C-H cleavage of alkenes without prefunctionalization followed by site- and stereoselective carbon-carbon bond formation is of great importance in organic synthesis, providing a straightforward and step-economical approach to introduce a versatile allyl group into organic mols. Although significant advances have been achieved in enantioselective transformations of electrophilic allyl-metal complexes and allyl radicals, enantioselective reactions of nucleophilic allyl-metal intermediates furnished through allylic C-H cleavage remain undeveloped. Herein, authors identify a multi-tasking chiral catalyst derived from a com. available phosphine ligand and cobalt salt that precisely controls the chemoselective formation of the allyl-cobalt complex and the site- and stereoselective addition to carbonyls, delivering a broad scope of homoallylic alcs. with high yield and stereoselectivity. This work may establish a platform for the development of enantioselective transformations of nucleophilic organometallic complexes generated from catalytic C-H functionalization.

Cell Reports Physical Science published new progress about Aldehydes Role: RCT (Reactant), RACT (Reactant or Reagent). 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Recommanded Product: Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Doherty, S. published the artcileHighly efficient and selective aqueous phase hydrogenation of aryl ketones, aldehydes, furfural and levulinic acid and its ethyl ester catalyzed by phosphine oxide-decorated polymer immobilized ionic liquid-stabilized ruthenium nanoparticles, Formula: C7H12O3, the main research area is hydrogenation aromatic ketone aldehyde polymer immobilized ruthenium nanocatalyst.

Impregnation of phosphine-decorated styrene-based polymer immobilized ionic liquid (PPh2-PIIL) with ruthenium(III) trichloride resulted in facile reduction of the ruthenium to afford Ru(II)-impregnated phosphine oxide-decorated PIIL (O=PPh2PIIL). The derived phosphine oxide-decorated polymer immobilized ionic liquid-stabilized RuNPs (RuNP@OPPh2-PIILS) catalyze the highly efficient and selective aqueous phase reduction of the carbonyl group in aryl and heteroaryl ketones and aldehydes, including furfural, as well as the hydrogenation of levulinic acid and its Et ester to afford γ-valerolactone (GVL). While this is the first report of RuNPs stabilized by a phosphine oxide-modified support, there appear to be several recent examples of similar serendipitous oxidations during the synthesis of RuNPs by impregnation of a phosphine-decorated polymer with ruthenium trichloride; as these were either misinterpreted or not recognized as such we have carried out a detailed characterization and evaluation of this system. Reassuringly, RuNP@OPPh2-PIILS generated from phosphine oxide-decorated polymer immobilized ionic liquid (OPPh2-PIIL) impregnated with ruthenium trichloride is as efficient as that prepared directly from RuCl3 and PPh2-PIIL. Incorporation of PEG into the polymer support improved catalyst performance and the initial TOF of 2350 h-1 obtained for the aqueous phase hydrogenation of acetophenone is among the highest to be reported for a ruthenium nanoparticle-based catalyst. Under optimum conditions, RuNP@OPPh2-PEGPIILS recycled ten times with only a minor reduction in activity and no detectable change in selectivity. High yields and excellent selectivities were also obtained for hydrogenation of the CO across a range of substituted aryl and heteroaryl ketones. Complete hydrogenation of the aromatic ring and CO could also be achieved by increasing the pressure and temperature accordingly. The same system also catalyzes the aqueous phase hydrogenation of furfural under mild conditions with an initial TOF of 3160 h-1 as well as the selective hydrogenation of levulinic acid and its Et ester to γ-valerolactone (GVL); reaction times for the latter could be reduced quite significantly by addition of either butyric acid or Amberlyst H-15.

Catalysis Science & Technology published new progress about Aldehydes Role: RCT (Reactant), RACT (Reactant or Reagent). 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Formula: C7H12O3.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Tetrisyanda, Rizky published the artcileLiquid-liquid equilibria of ternary aqueous mixtures containing alcohols and alkyl levulinates, Computed Properties of 539-88-8, the main research area is alc alkyl levulinate LLE ternary aqueous mixture.

The liquid-liquid equilibrium (LLE) data were measured for the ternary systems of water + methanol + Et levulinate, water + ethanol + Et levulinate, and water + n-butanol + Bu levulinate in a temperature range of 298.15 K to 328.15 K and at 101.3 kPa. Among the investigated mixtures, the Et levulinate-containing systems are categorized as a type-I LLE and their areas of two-liquid-phase region decreases with increasing temperature The ternary system of water + n-butanol + Bu levulinate behaves as a type-II LLE and interestingly its area of two-liquid-phase region increases with an increase of temperature over the exptl. condition. These new LLE tie-lines data were correlated accurately with the NRTL model.

Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics published new progress about Alcohols Role: NUU (Other Use, Unclassified), USES (Uses). 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Computed Properties of 539-88-8.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics