Category: 3903-40-0

Understanding the Metabolism of Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras (PROTACs): The Next Step toward Pharmaceutical Applications was written by Goracci, Laura;Desantis, Jenny;Valeri, Aurora;Castellani, Beatrice;Eleuteri, Michela;Cruciani, Gabriele. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2020.Category: esters-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Hetero-bifunctional PROteolysis TArgeting Chimeras (PROTACs) represent a new emerging class of small mols. designed to induce polyubiquitylation and proteasomal-dependent degradation of a target protein. Despite the increasing number of publications about the synthesis, biol. evaluation, and mechanism of action of PROTACs, the characterization of the pharmacokinetic properties of this class of compounds is still minimal. Here, we report a study on the metabolism of a series of 40 PROTACs in cryopreserved human hepatocytes at multiple time points. Our results indicated that the metabolism of PROTACs could not be predicted from that of their constituent ligands. Their linkers’ chem. nature and length resulted in playing a major role in the PROTACs’ liability. A subset of compounds was also tested for metabolism by human cytochrome P 450 3A4 (CYP3A4) and human aldehyde oxidase (hAOX) for more in-depth data interpretation, and both enzymes resulted in active PROTAC metabolism In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 12-Methoxy-12-oxododecanoic acid (cas: 3903-40-0Category: esters-buliding-blocks).

12-Methoxy-12-oxododecanoic acid (cas: 3903-40-0) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Syntheses of 5-fluorouracil-fat conjugates and evaluation of their in vitro cytotoxic activity was written by Lee, Heejoo;Chang, Pan Sup;Kim, Jae Wan;Jung, Ki Hwa;Shin, Soon Hee;Shin, Hae Soon;Jung, Soon Bog. And the article was included in Yakhak Hoechi in 1990.Category: esters-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Fluorouracil amides I [R = (CH₂)₁₀Me, (CH₂)₁₆Me, (CH₂)₇(CH:CHCH₂)₂Bu, (CH₂)₇(CH:CHCH₂)₃Me, (CH₂)₁₀CO₂Me] were prepared as prodrugs by heating 5-fluorouracil in the RNCO. Preliminary testing for their antitumor effect was carried out on leukemia L1210 cells in culture. Most I, like fluorouracil, exhibited <50% inhibition growth at 1 鑴?10^-7M. Only I [R = (CH₂)₁₀CO₂Me] showed >50% inhibition at the same level. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 12-Methoxy-12-oxododecanoic acid (cas: 3903-40-0Category: esters-buliding-blocks).

12-Methoxy-12-oxododecanoic acid (cas: 3903-40-0) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Selective monomethyl esterification of linear dicarboxylic acids with bifunctional alumina catalysts was written by Santacroce, Veronica;Bigi, Franca;Casnati, Alessandra;Maggi, Raimondo;Storaro, Loretta;Moretti, Elisa;Vaccaro, Luigi;Maestri, Giovanni. And the article was included in Green Chemistry in 2016.Electric Literature of C13H24O4 This article mentions the following:

An environmentally friendly protocol for the selective protection of dicarboxylic acids OHC(O)(CH₂)_nC(O)OH (n = 2, 4, 6, 7, 10) was reported using methanol as a cheap esterifying agent and alumina as a heterogeneous catalyst; the selectivity of the process has been ascribed to a balanced acidity/basicity of the bifunctional alumina catalyst. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 12-Methoxy-12-oxododecanoic acid (cas: 3903-40-0Electric Literature of C13H24O4).

12-Methoxy-12-oxododecanoic acid (cas: 3903-40-0) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Electric Literature of C13H24O4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

A series of novel HDAC inhibitors with anthraquinone as a cap group was written by Zou, Yefang;Cao, Zhuoxian;Wang, Jie;Chen, Xiaoxue;Chen, Yan-qin;Li, Yan;Liu, Jingzi;Zhao, Yonglong;Wang, Aimin;He, Bin. And the article was included in Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin in 2020.Recommanded Product: 3903-40-0 This article mentions the following:

Although anthraquinone derivatives possess significant antitumor activity, most of them also displayed those side effects like cardiotoxicity, mainly owing to their inhibition of topoisomerase II of DNA repair mechanisms. Our raised design strategy by switching therapeutic target from topoisomerase II to histone deacetylase (HDAC) has been applied to the design of anthraquinone derivatives in current study. Consequently, a series of novel HDAC inhibitors with a tricylic diketone of anthraquinone as a cap group have been synthesized. After screening and evaluation, compounds 4b, 4d, 7b and 7d have displayed the comparable inhibition in enzymic activity and cell proliferation than that of Vorinostat (SAHA). Notably, compound 4b showed certain selectivity of antiproliferative effects on cancer cell lines over non-cancer cell lines. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 12-Methoxy-12-oxododecanoic acid (cas: 3903-40-0Recommanded Product: 3903-40-0).

12-Methoxy-12-oxododecanoic acid (cas: 3903-40-0) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Recommanded Product: 3903-40-0

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Regioselective functionalization of nonactivated CH bonds. 2. Photochemical functionalization of the myristoyl group in 1,2-alkanediyl and o-phenylene 4-benzoylbenzoate myristates was written by Dors, Bernhard;Luftmann, Heinrich;Schaefer, Hans J.. And the article was included in Chemische Berichte in 1983.Recommanded Product: 3903-40-0 This article mentions the following:

Me(CH₂)₁₂CO₂QO₂CC₆H₄COPh-4 (Q = CH₂CH₂, trans-1,2-cyclohexanediyl, o-phenylene) were prepared and cyclized photochem. to I, which were converted to Me 7- to 13-oxomyristates. This ketofunctionalization of the remote CH₂ groups in myristic acid was more selective than in 4-PhCOC₆H₄CO₂(CH₂)_nMe (n = 11, 15, 16, 17), and the maximum functionalization occurred more toward the middle, rather than the end, of the chain. The solvent polarity had only a small effect on the selectivity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 12-Methoxy-12-oxododecanoic acid (cas: 3903-40-0Recommanded Product: 3903-40-0).

12-Methoxy-12-oxododecanoic acid (cas: 3903-40-0) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120鎺?C閳ユ弲閳ユ彊 and O閳ユ弲閳ユ彊 angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C閳ユ彊閳ユ弲 bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Recommanded Product: 3903-40-0

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Selective monomethyl esterification of linear dicarboxylic acids with bifunctional alumina catalysts was written by Santacroce, Veronica;Bigi, Franca;Casnati, Alessandra;Maggi, Raimondo;Storaro, Loretta;Moretti, Elisa;Vaccaro, Luigi;Maestri, Giovanni. And the article was included in Green Chemistry in 2016.Electric Literature of C13H24O4 This article mentions the following:

An environmentally friendly protocol for the selective protection of dicarboxylic acids OHC(O)(CH₂)_nC(O)OH (n = 2, 4, 6, 7, 10) was reported using methanol as a cheap esterifying agent and alumina as a heterogeneous catalyst; the selectivity of the process has been ascribed to a balanced acidity/basicity of the bifunctional alumina catalyst. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 12-Methoxy-12-oxododecanoic acid (cas: 3903-40-0Electric Literature of C13H24O4).

12-Methoxy-12-oxododecanoic acid (cas: 3903-40-0) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Electric Literature of C13H24O4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

A series of novel HDAC inhibitors with anthraquinone as a cap group was written by Zou, Yefang;Cao, Zhuoxian;Wang, Jie;Chen, Xiaoxue;Chen, Yan-qin;Li, Yan;Liu, Jingzi;Zhao, Yonglong;Wang, Aimin;He, Bin. And the article was included in Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin in 2020.Recommanded Product: 3903-40-0 This article mentions the following:

Although anthraquinone derivatives possess significant antitumor activity, most of them also displayed those side effects like cardiotoxicity, mainly owing to their inhibition of topoisomerase II of DNA repair mechanisms. Our raised design strategy by switching therapeutic target from topoisomerase II to histone deacetylase (HDAC) has been applied to the design of anthraquinone derivatives in current study. Consequently, a series of novel HDAC inhibitors with a tricylic diketone of anthraquinone as a cap group have been synthesized. After screening and evaluation, compounds 4b, 4d, 7b and 7d have displayed the comparable inhibition in enzymic activity and cell proliferation than that of Vorinostat (SAHA). Notably, compound 4b showed certain selectivity of antiproliferative effects on cancer cell lines over non-cancer cell lines. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 12-Methoxy-12-oxododecanoic acid (cas: 3903-40-0Recommanded Product: 3903-40-0).

12-Methoxy-12-oxododecanoic acid (cas: 3903-40-0) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Recommanded Product: 3903-40-0

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Regioselective functionalization of nonactivated CH bonds. 2. Photochemical functionalization of the myristoyl group in 1,2-alkanediyl and o-phenylene 4-benzoylbenzoate myristates was written by Dors, Bernhard;Luftmann, Heinrich;Schaefer, Hans J.. And the article was included in Chemische Berichte in 1983.Recommanded Product: 3903-40-0 This article mentions the following:

Me(CH₂)₁₂CO₂QO₂CC₆H₄COPh-4 (Q = CH₂CH₂, trans-1,2-cyclohexanediyl, o-phenylene) were prepared and cyclized photochem. to I, which were converted to Me 7- to 13-oxomyristates. This ketofunctionalization of the remote CH₂ groups in myristic acid was more selective than in 4-PhCOC₆H₄CO₂(CH₂)_nMe (n = 11, 15, 16, 17), and the maximum functionalization occurred more toward the middle, rather than the end, of the chain. The solvent polarity had only a small effect on the selectivity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 12-Methoxy-12-oxododecanoic acid (cas: 3903-40-0Recommanded Product: 3903-40-0).

12-Methoxy-12-oxododecanoic acid (cas: 3903-40-0) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120掳 C鈥揅鈥揙 and O鈥揅鈥揙 angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C鈥揙鈥揅 bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Recommanded Product: 3903-40-0

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Regioselective functionalization of nonactivated CH bonds. 2. Photochemical functionalization of the myristoyl group in 1,2-alkanediyl and o-phenylene 4-benzoylbenzoate myristates was written by Dors, Bernhard;Luftmann, Heinrich;Schaefer, Hans J.. And the article was included in Chemische Berichte in 1983.Recommanded Product: 3903-40-0 This article mentions the following:

Me(CH₂)₁₂CO₂QO₂CC₆H₄COPh-4 (Q = CH₂CH₂, trans-1,2-cyclohexanediyl, o-phenylene) were prepared and cyclized photochem. to I, which were converted to Me 7- to 13-oxomyristates. This ketofunctionalization of the remote CH₂ groups in myristic acid was more selective than in 4-PhCOC₆H₄CO₂(CH₂)_nMe (n = 11, 15, 16, 17), and the maximum functionalization occurred more toward the middle, rather than the end, of the chain. The solvent polarity had only a small effect on the selectivity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 12-Methoxy-12-oxododecanoic acid (cas: 3903-40-0Recommanded Product: 3903-40-0).

12-Methoxy-12-oxododecanoic acid (cas: 3903-40-0) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Recommanded Product: 3903-40-0

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Thermotropic phase behavior of model membranes composed of phosphatidylcholines containing methyl iso-branched fatty acids. 1. Differential scanning calorimetric studies was written by Lewis, Ruthven N. A. H.;McElhaney, Ronald N.. And the article was included in Biochemistry in 1985.Reference of 3903-40-0 This article mentions the following:

The thermotropic phase behavior of aqueous dispersions of phosphatidylcholines (PCs) containing 1 of a series of Me iso-branched fatty acyl chains was studied by differential scanning calorimetry. These compounds exhibited a complex phase behavior on heating which included 2 endothermic events, a gel/gel transition, involving a mol. packing rearrangement between 2 gel-state forms, and a gel/liquid-crystalline phase transition, involving the melting of the hydrocarbon chains. The gel/liquid-crystalline transition was a relatively fast, highly cooperative process which exhibited a lower transition temperature and enthalpy than did the chain-melting transitions of saturated straight-chain PCs of similar acyl chain length. In addition, the gel/liquid-crystalline phase transition temperature was relatively insensitive to the composition of the aqueous phase. In contrast, the gel/gel transition is a slow process of lower cooperativity than the gel-liquid-crystalline phase transition and is sensitive to the composition of the bulk aqueous phase. The gel/gel transitions of the Me iso-branched PCs had very different thermodn. properties and depended in a different way on hydrocarbon chain length than did either the subtransitions or the pretransitions observed with linear saturated PCs. The gel/gel and gel/liquid-crystalline transitions were apparently concomitant for the shorter-chain iso-branched PCs, but diverged on the temperature scale with increasing chain length, with a pronounced odd/even alternation of the characteristic temperatures of the gel/gel transition. The observations were be rationalized by assuming that the stable conformation characteristic of these lipids at temperatures below the gel/gel transition temperature and their conformation in the liquid-crystalline state are such that direct interconversions between the 2 states is improbable and that such interconversions must proceed via an intermediate state or states. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 12-Methoxy-12-oxododecanoic acid (cas: 3903-40-0Reference of 3903-40-0).

12-Methoxy-12-oxododecanoic acid (cas: 3903-40-0) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Reference of 3903-40-0

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics