Category: 3319-31-1

On November 30, 2017, Aittomaki, Saara; Valanne, Susanna; Lehtinen, Tapio; Matikainen, Sampsa; Nyman, Tuula A.; Ramet, Mika; Pesu, Marko published an article.Application In Synthesis of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate The title of the article was Proprotein convertase Furin1 expression in the Drosophila fat body is essential for a normal antimicrobial peptide response and bacterial host defense. And the article contained the following:

Invading pathogens provoke robust innate immune responses in Dipteran insects, such as Drosophila melanogaster. In a systemic bacterial infection, a humoral response is induced in the fat body. Gram-pos. bacteria trigger the Toll signaling pathway, whereas gram-neg. bacterial infections are signaled via the immune deficiency (IMD) pathway. We show here that the RNA interference-mediated silencing of Furin1-a member of the proprotein convertase enzyme family-specifically in the fat body, results in a reduction in the expression of antimicrobial peptides. This, in turn, compromises the survival of adult fruit flies in systemic infections that are caused by both gram-pos. and -neg. bacteria. Furin1 plays a nonredundant role in the regulation of immune responses, as silencing of Furin2, the other member of the enzyme family, had no effect on survival or the expression of antimicrobial peptides upon a systemic infection. Furin1 does not directly affect the Toll or IMD signaling pathways, but the reduced expression of Furin1 up-regulates stress response factors in the fat body. We also demonstrate that Furin1 is a neg. regulator of the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathway, which is implicated in stress responses in the fly. In summary, our data identify Furin1 as a novel regulator of humoral immunity and cellular stress responses in Drosophila. The experimental process involved the reaction of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate(cas: 3319-31-1).Application In Synthesis of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate

The Article related to drosophila systemic bacterial infection fat body furin1 antimicrobial peptide, imd pathway, jak/stat pathway, toll pathway, innate immunity, stress, Nonmammalian Biochemistry: Pathology and other aspects.Application In Synthesis of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Essel, Jonathan T.; Nelson, Andrew P.; Smilowitz, Laura B.; Henson, Bryan F.; Merriman, Lauren R.; Turnbaugh, David; Gray, Christopher; Shermer, Kyle B. published an article in 2020, the title of the article was Investigating the effect of chemical ingredient modifications on the slow cook-off violence of ammonium perchlorate solid propellants on the laboratory scale.Recommanded Product: 3319-31-1 And the article contains the following content:

Rocket propellants that contain ammonium perchlorate (AP) often have a violent response during slow heating. Two laboratory tests have been developed to determine the reaction violence of these materials. The first test was the Combustion Rate Anal. of a Slowly Heated Propellant (CRASH-P) test, which used dynamic pressure sensors to quantify the violence of the reaction. The second test used x-rays to measure phys. changes in the propellants before ignition and their reaction violence through the deformation speed of the sample container. For this study, four propellant formulation modification categories were investigated. The propellants were investigated for their reaction violence and sample expansion before ignition. The experimental process involved the reaction of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate(cas: 3319-31-1).Recommanded Product: 3319-31-1

The Article related to ammonium perchlorate solid propellant violence chem ingredient modification, Propellants and Explosives: Propellants and other aspects.Recommanded Product: 3319-31-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

West, Cara; Silverman, Neal published an article in 2018, the title of the article was p38b and JAK-STAT signaling protect against Invertebrate iridescent virus 6 infection in Drosophila.Product Details of 3319-31-1 And the article contains the following content:

The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is a powerful model system for the study of innate immunity in vector insects as well as mammals. For vector insects, it is particularly important to understand all aspects of their antiviral immune defenses, which could eventually be harnessed to control the transmission of human pathogenic viruses. The immune responses controlling RNA viruses in insects have been extensively studied, but the response to DNA virus infections is poorly characterized. Here, we report that infection of Drosophila with the DNA virus Invertebrate iridescent Virus 6 (IIV-6) triggers JAK-STAT signaling and the robust expression of the Turandots, a gene family encoding small secreted proteins. To drive JAK-STAT signaling, IIV-6 infection more immediately induced expression of the unpaireds, a family of IL-6-related cytokine genes, via a pathway that required one of the three Drosophila p38 homologs, p38b. In fact, both Stat92E and p38b were required for the survival of IIV-6 infected flies. In addition, in vitro induction of the unpaireds required an NADPH-oxidase, and in vivo studies demonstrated Nox was required for induction of TotA. These results argue that ROS production, triggered by IIV-6 infection, leads to p38b activation and unpaired expression, and subsequent JAK-STAT signaling, which ultimately protects the fly from IIV-6 infection. The experimental process involved the reaction of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate(cas: 3319-31-1).Product Details of 3319-31-1

The Article related to p38b jak stat signaling drosophila invertebrate iridescent virus infection, Immunochemistry: Allergy and Anaphylaxis and other aspects.Product Details of 3319-31-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Kodama, Susumu; Yoshii, Nao; Ota, Akihiro; Takeshita, Jun-ichi; Yoshinari, Kouichi; Ono, Atsushi published an article in 2021, the title of the article was Association between in vitro nuclear receptor-activating profiles of chemical compounds and their in vivo hepatotoxicity in rats.Recommanded Product: Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate And the article contains the following content:

The liver plays critical roles to maintain homeostasis of living organisms and is also a major target organ of chem. toxicity. Meanwhile, nuclear receptors (NRs) are known to regulate major liver functions and also as a critical target for hepatotoxic compounds In this study, we established mammalian one-hybrid assay systems for five rat-derived NRs, namely PXR, PPARα, LXRα, FXR and RXRα, and evaluated a total of 326 compounds for their NR-activating profiles. Then, we assessed the association between their NR-activating profile and hepatotoxic endpoints in repeated-dose toxicity data of male rats from Hazard Evaluation Support System. In the in vitro cell-based assays, 68, 38, 20, 17 and 17 compounds were identified as positives for PXR, PPARα, LXRα, FXR and RXRα, resp. The association analyses demonstrated that the PXR-pos. compounds showed high frequency of endpoints related to liver hypertrophy, such as centrilobular hepatocellular hypertrophy, suggesting that PXR activation is involved in chem.-induced liver hypertrophy in rats. It is intriguing to note that the PXR-pos. compounds also showed statistically significant associations with both prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time and prolonged prothrombin time, suggesting a possible involvement of PXR in the regulation of blood clotting factors. Collectively, our approach may be useful for discovering new functions of NRs as well as understanding the complex mechanism for hepatotoxicity caused by chem. compounds The experimental process involved the reaction of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate(cas: 3319-31-1).Recommanded Product: Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate

The Article related to chem compound nuclear receptor activating profile hepatotoxicity, Toxicology: Methods (Including Analysis) and other aspects.Recommanded Product: Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On May 1, 2021, Kuhlmann, Laura; Goeen, Thomas; Eckert, Elisabeth published an article.Related Products of 3319-31-1 The title of the article was Sensitive monitoring of the main metabolites of tri-(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate (TOTM) in urine by coupling of on-line SPE, UHPLC and tandem mass spectrometry. And the article contained the following:

Tri-(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate (TOTM or TEHTM) is a substitute for the plasticizer di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). Here, a fast and sensitive UHPLC-MS/MS method is presented enabling the simultaneous quantification of the six main TOTM metabolites in urine. These include the primary metabolites 1-MEHTM and 2-MEHTM (1-/2-mono-(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate) and two oxidized metabolites of each to ensure a precise determination and comparison of the regioselective pathways. The method is based on online enrichment of the analytes after enzymic hydrolysis with subsequent UHPLC separation and tandem mass spectrometry using isotopically labeled internal standards The method is distinguished by its high sensitivity with detection limits ranging from 0.01 to 0.04μg/l and a proficient precision with relative standard deviations well below 10% for each analyte. The application of UHPLC-MS/MS anal. proved to significantly enhance the sensitivity of the method due to the efficient separation of the regioisomeric structures of the TOTM metabolites considered. Addnl., a proficient repeatability and recovery was achieved by the use of structurally identical isotopically labeled internal standard substances. The method was successfully applied to urine samples of infant patients indicating urinary levels of the TOTM metabolites examined in a very low concentration range. The experimental process involved the reaction of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate(cas: 3319-31-1).Related Products of 3319-31-1

The Article related to sensitive monitoring metabolite urine tandem mass spectrometry, biomarker, biomonitoring, medical devices, plasticizer, tehtm, urine, Toxicology: Methods (Including Analysis) and other aspects.Related Products of 3319-31-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On January 31, 2016, Chen, Xian-Hua; Ma, Li; Hu, Yi-Xiang; Wang, Dan-Xian; Fang, Li; Li, Xue-Lai; Zhao, Jin-Chuan; Yu, Hai-Rong; Ying, Hua-Zhong; Yu, Chen-Huan published an article.HPLC of Formula: 3319-31-1 The title of the article was Transcriptome profiling and pathway analysis of hepatotoxicity induced by tris (2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate (TOTM) in mice. And the article contained the following:

Tris (2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate (TOTM) is commonly used as an alternative plasticizer for medical devices. But very little information was available on its biol. effects. In this study, the authors investigated toxicity effects of TOTM on hepatic differential gene expression analyzed by using high-throughput sequencing anal. for over-represented functions and phenotypically anchored to complementary histopathol., and biochem. data in the liver of mice. Among 1668 candidate genes, 694 genes were up-regulated and 974 genes were down-regulated after TOTM exposure. Using Gene Ontol. anal., TOTM affected three processes: the cell cycle, metabolic process and oxidative activity. Furthermore, 11 key genes involved in the above processes were validated by real time PCR. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway anal. revealed that these genes were involved in the cell cycle pathway, lipid metabolism and oxidative process. It revealed the transcriptome gene expression response to TOTM exposure in mouse, and these data could contribute to provide a clearer understanding of the mol. mechanisms of TOTM-induced hepatotoxicity in human. The experimental process involved the reaction of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate(cas: 3319-31-1).HPLC of Formula: 3319-31-1

The Article related to tris ethylhexyl trimellitate hepatotoxicity transcriptome, cell cycle, cytochrome p450, digital gene expression profiling, lipid metabolism, oxidative process, Toxicology: Methods (Including Analysis) and other aspects.HPLC of Formula: 3319-31-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On February 5, 2018, Harmon, J. Patrick; Otter, Rainer published an article.SDS of cas: 3319-31-1 The title of the article was Green Chemistry and the Search for New Plasticizers. And the article contained the following:

Consumers often see various “free-of” statements on labels that imply that the product is safer and more sustainable than others without such a label. The problem with these types of labels is that they say nothing about the ingredients a product is made with. Hazard assessment tools such as GreenScreen provide a way to determine whether potential product ingredients have sufficient data and low hazard to support their long-term use. Third party certifications and “pos.” lists such as EPA SaferChoice and CleanGredients also may be useful in selecting the right materials. Use of these types of tools and methodologies allow formulators and processors, as well as retailers and consumer product makers, to make informed and responsible substitution decisions and to reduce the risk of future regulatory or customer restrictions. Examples of the use of GreenScreen and CleanGredients to evaluate plasticizers that are alternatives to widely used ortho-phthalates are presented. Some alternative plasticizers have sufficient data and low hazard to support their use in consumer and other products. Others might be accurately labeled as “phthalate-free” and might be safe for their intended uses, but insufficient data are available to support their use as alternatives to data-rich ortho-phthalates. Products such as DOTP and D9CH can be shown to be both well-studied and free of relevant hazard concerns. The experimental process involved the reaction of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate(cas: 3319-31-1).SDS of cas: 3319-31-1

The Article related to green chem search plasticizer, Air Pollution and Industrial Hygiene: Other and other aspects.SDS of cas: 3319-31-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On May 15, 2021, Gaudin, Theophile; Ma, Haibo published an article.Application In Synthesis of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate The title of the article was Substructure shock-friction theory for molecular transport in liquids. And the article contained the following:

Transport properties, such as viscosity and diffusion coefficient, are of fundamental importance in chem. processes and in formulation science. In this paper, a math. simple theory, based on frictions between “substructures”, which are effective units of motion, and contact probabilities, is proposed for transport properties. Its predictive power is demonstrated on viscosity. Fitted on a set of 82 pure liquids containing mols. of various sizes, rigidities, and functionalities, with many of them multifunctional and/or hydrogen-bonded, the method is then tested on 882 binary mixtures (represented by 13,687 compositions and containing 234 different compounds), yielding a standard error of 0.30 log units. This corresponds to an accuracy of a factor of two, in line with other free energy-based predictions methods like COSMO-RS, supporting a pseudo-thermodn. representation of transport properties. The experimental process involved the reaction of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate(cas: 3319-31-1).Application In Synthesis of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate

The Article related to liquid mol transport shock friction theory, Placeholder for records without volume info and other aspects.Application In Synthesis of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On November 30, 2016, Foghmoes, S.; Teocoli, F.; Brodersen, K.; Klemensoe, T.; Della Negra, M. published an article.HPLC of Formula: 3319-31-1 The title of the article was Novel ceramic processing method for substitution of toxic plasticizers. And the article contained the following:

A systematic screening of plasticisers for a polyvinyl butyral based binder system revealed that di-Bu maleate, di-Bu adipate and Pycal 94 are promising and less toxic alternatives to the very harmful but frequently used di-Bu phthalate. Pycal 94 seems especially promising as it unlike the two other candidates did not require a co-plasticiser, such as a polyethylene glycol, thus simplifying the system and reducing the risk of unwanted cross-interactions. An effective and systematic procedure for substitution of the plasticiser, while maintaining chem. compatibility and mech. properties, was also demonstrated. Incompatible systems were discarded in an initial broad screening while primary systems were further evaluated based on debinding properties, mech. properties, flow behavior as well as sintering properties of ceramic tapes. The thermomech. characterization performed on dried drops of binder and their corresponding tapes show strong similarities in the strain/stress profiles, validating the qual. method used. The experimental process involved the reaction of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate(cas: 3319-31-1).HPLC of Formula: 3319-31-1

The Article related to toxic plasticizer substitution ceramic processing method, Placeholder for records without volume info and other aspects.HPLC of Formula: 3319-31-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On September 14, 2021, Tang, Shuqin; Chen, Yukun; Song, Guixian; Liu, Xiaotu; Shi, Yumeng; Xie, Qitong; Chen, Da published an article.Category: esters-buliding-blocks The title of the article was A Cocktail of Industrial Chemicals in Lipstick and Nail Polish: Profiles and Health Implications. And the article contained the following:

Beauty products contain various industrial chems. to increase their functionality and appearance. The frequent use of beauty products may increase human exposure to industrial chems., but to date, their chem. components remain poorly characterized. Our work characterized the chem. components in lipstick and nail polish by screening for a total of 231 chems. from seven categories, including organophosphate esters (OPEs), phthalate esters (PAEs), non-PAE plasticizers, bisphenol analogs, parabens, UV stabilizers, and antioxidants. Their total concentrations ranged from 38.9 to 3810 μg/g (median of 193 μg/g) and from 18.6 to 1910 μg/g (307 μg/g) in lipstick (n = 34) and nail polish (n = 15), resp. The chem. compositions differed between lipstick and nail polish, but non-PAE plasticizers generally dominated over other groups of chems. A number of emerging plasticizers, OPEs, and UV stabilizers have rarely been reported in personal care products or environmental samples but were found at very high levels in beauty products, raising concern about their environmental release and human exposure risk. Although the employment of a hazard quotient approach suggested low health risks for exposure to industrial chems. from the use of beauty products, potential mixture effects from the chem. cocktail and occupational exposure to beauty products should not be overlooked. The experimental process involved the reaction of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate(cas: 3319-31-1).Category: esters-buliding-blocks

The Article related to industrial chem lipstick nail polish health exposure risk assessment, Placeholder for records without volume info and other aspects.Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics