Category: 3319-31-1

On July 31, 2018, Hoellerer, Christine; Goeen, Thomas; Eckert, Elisabeth published an article.Application In Synthesis of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate The title of the article was Comprehensive monitoring of specific metabolites of tri-(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate (TEHTM) in urine by column-switching liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. And the article contained the following:

Tri-(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate (TOTM or TEHTM) is a substitute for the plasticizer di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). Here, a fast and robust HPLC method is presented for the first time enabling the simultaneous quantification of several TEHTM metabolites in urine. These are the three TEHTM monoester isomers 1-mono-(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate (1-MEHTM), 2-mono-(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate (2-MEHTM), and 4-mono-(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate (4-MEHTM) as well as several selected side chain oxidized monoesters of TEHTM, namely, 1-mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) trimellitate (5OH-1-MEHTM), 2-mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) trimellitate (5OH-2-MEHTM), 1-mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) trimellitate (5oxo-1-MEHTM), 2-mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) trimellitate (5oxo-2-MEHTM), 1-mono-(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) trimellitate (5cx-1-MEPTM), 2-mono-(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) trimellitate (5cx-2-MEPTM), 2-mono-(2-carboxymethylhexyl) trimellitate (2cx-2-MMHTM), and 1-mono-(2-carboxymethylhexyl) trimellitate (2cx-1-MMHTM). The method is characterized by a short sample preparation, for which the urine samples are enzymically hydrolyzed and cleaned up by an online column arrangement. Separation of the analytes is enabled using liquid chromatog. coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Thus, in less than 30 min, 11 postulated metabolites of TEHTM can be selectively and sensitively quantified. The method is distinguished by its wide linear working range of up to 1800 μg/L with detection limits ranging from 0.3 μg/L (for 5oxo-1-MEHTM) to 1.5 μg/L (for 1-MEHTM). Precision and repeatability of the method were proven with determined relative standard deviations between 2.5 and 11.3%. The selection of the analytes of this method was based on a pilot study, by which several potential TEHTM metabolites were investigated in human urine of an orally exposed volunteer. Thus, the here presented method is a perfect tool for human biomonitoring of TEHTM exposure. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. The experimental process involved the reaction of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate(cas: 3319-31-1).Application In Synthesis of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate

The Article related to column switching hplc mass spectrometry urine triethylhexyl trimellitate biomonitoring, biomonitoring, core-shell material, human metabolism, medical devices, plasticizer, tri-(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate and other aspects.Application In Synthesis of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On November 12, 2019, Ahlers, Laura R. H.; Trammell, Chasity E.; Carrell, Grace F.; Mackinnon, Sophie; Torrevillas, Brandi K.; Chow, Clement Y.; Luckhart, Shirley; Goodman, Alan G. published an article.Category: esters-buliding-blocks The title of the article was Insulin Potentiates JAK/STAT Signaling to Broadly Inhibit Flavivirus Replication in Insect Vectors. And the article contained the following:

A review. The World Health Organization estimates that more than half of the world′s population is at risk for vector-borne diseases, including arboviruses. Because many arboviruses are mosquito borne, investigation of the insect immune response will help identify targets to reduce the spread of arboviruses. Here, we use a genetic screening approach to identify an insulin-like receptor as a component of the immune response to arboviral infection. We determine that vertebrate insulin reduces West Nile virus (WNV) replication in Drosophila melanogaster as well as WNV, Zika, and dengue virus titers in mosquito cells. Mechanistically, we show that insulin signaling activates the JAK/STAT, but not RNAi, pathway via ERK to control infection in Drosophila cells and Culex mosquitoes through an integrated immune response. Finally, we validate that insulin priming of adult female Culex mosquitoes through a blood meal reduces WNV infection, demonstrating an essential role for insulin signaling in insect antiviral responses to human pathogens. The experimental process involved the reaction of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate(cas: 3319-31-1).Category: esters-buliding-blocks

The Article related to drosophila culex insulin jak stat signaling flavivirus review, culex quinquefasciatus, dgrp, drosophila melanogaster, erk, kunjin virus, west nile virus, zika virus, dengue virus, innate immunity, mosquito and other aspects.Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On July 31, 2020, Nagorka, Regine; Koschorreck, Jan published an article.Computed Properties of 3319-31-1 The title of the article was Trends for plasticizers in German freshwater environments – Evidence for the substitution of DEHP with emerging phthalate and non-phthalate alternatives. And the article contained the following:

Plasticizers are marketed in high volumes and Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is frequently detected in the environment and human populations. Industry had largely relied on DEHP until regulation started to restrict its marketing in 1999 due to environmental and human health concerns. The aim of this study was to obtain spatial-temporal trends for DEHP and its substitutes in German rivers. We have investigated suspended particulate matter (SPM) samples from the German Environmental Specimen Bank (ESB) for the presence of 23 plasticizers, i.e. 17 phthalates and 6 non-phthalates. The samples were collected in the last 10 years at 13 sites in large river basins in Germany such as the Rhine, Elbe and Danube. A decrease in DEHP concentrations was observed at all sampling sites between the mid-2000s and 2017. The maximum concentration for DEHP was determined in 2006 in samples from Rehlingen/Saar (6720 ng/g dry weight (dw)). By 2017, the DEHP concentration in Rehlingen had dropped to 2080 ng/g dw. Currently, Diisononyl phthalate (DINP) is the plasticizer with the highest levels in the SPM samples (maximum value 4150 ng/g dw in Rehlingen/Saar). Our results show that novel plasticizers such as Diisononylcyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (DINCH) spread rapidly in surface waters after their market introduction. The experimental process involved the reaction of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate(cas: 3319-31-1).Computed Properties of 3319-31-1

The Article related to diethylhexyl phthalate alternative plasticizer german freshwater environment, environmental specimen bank, environmental trend monitoring, non-phthalates, phthalates, plasticizers, suspended particulate matter and other aspects.Computed Properties of 3319-31-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On April 7, 2020, Hammel, Stephanie C.; Hoffman, Kate; Phillips, Allison L.; Levasseur, Jessica L.; Lorenzo, Amelia M.; Webster, Thomas F.; Stapleton, Heather M. published an article.Synthetic Route of 3319-31-1 The title of the article was Comparing the Use of Silicone Wristbands, Hand Wipes, And Dust to Evaluate Children’s Exposure to Flame Retardants and Plasticizers. And the article contained the following:

Organophosphate esters (OPE) are used as flame retardant additives, and along with phthalates, are also used as consumer product plasticizers. As such, human exposure is common and chronic. Deployed as personal passive samplers, silicone wristbands have been shown to detect >1000 industrial and consumer product chems.; however, few studies have evaluated chem. concentrations with their corresponding biomarkers of exposure, particularly in children. Little is known about how well wristbands predict individual exposure vs. existing validated external exposure tools, e.g., indoor air, dust, and hand wipes. The authors analyzed wristbands worn by children (ages 3-6) for 18 OPE and 10 phthalates and compared them to corresponding urinary biomarkers. In total, 13 of 18 OPE and all phthalates were detected in >80% of wristbands; six OPE and four phthalates were significantly associated with corresponding urinary metabolites (rs = 0.2-0.6; p <0.05). When compared to paired hand wipes and house dust, wristbands had similar or greater correlation coefficients with resp. urinary biomarkers. Results suggested wristbands can serve as effective, quant. assessment tools to evaluate personal exposure to some OPE and phthalates, and for certain chems., may provide a better exposure estimate than indoor dust. The experimental process involved the reaction of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate(cas: 3319-31-1).Synthetic Route of 3319-31-1

The Article related to silicone wristband hand wipe dust evaluation child pollutant exposure, flame retardant plasticizer child exposure silicone wristband wipe dust, organophosphate ester phthalate child exposure assessment silicon wristband and other aspects.Synthetic Route of 3319-31-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On May 31, 2022, Sheikh, Ishfaq Ahmad; Beg, Mohd Amin published an article.HPLC of Formula: 3319-31-1 The title of the article was Structural binding perspectives of common plasticizers and a flame retardant, BDE-153, against thyroxine-binding globulin: potential for endocrine disruption. And the article contained the following:

The human exposure to diverse endocrine-disrupting chems. (EDCs) has increased dramatically over several decades with very adverse health effects. Plasticizers and flame retardants constitute important classes of EDCs interfering in endocrine physiol. including the thyroid function. Thyroxine (T4) is an important hormone regulating metabolism and playing key roles in developmental processes. In this study, six phthalate and nonphthalate plasticizers and one flame retardant (BDE-153) were subjected to structural binding against thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG). The aim was to understand their potential role in thyroid dysfunction using structural binding approach. The structural study was performed using Schrodinger’s induced fit docking, followed by binding energy estimations of ligands and the mol. interaction anal. between the ligands and the amino acid residues in the TBG ligand-binding pocket. The results indicated that all the compounds packed tightly into the TBG ligand-binding pocket with similar binding pattern to that of TBG native ligand, T4. A high majority of TBG interacting amino acid residues for ligands showed commonality with native ligand, T4. The estimated binding energy values were highest for BDE-153 followed by nonphthalate plasticizer, DINCH, with values comparable with native ligand, T4. The estimated binding energy values of other plasticizers DEHP, DEHT, DEHA, ATBC, and TOTM were less than DINCH. In conclusion, the tight docking conformations, amino acid interactions, and binding energy values of the most of the indicated ligands were comparable with TBG native ligand, T4, suggesting their potential for thyroid dysfunction. The results revealed highest potential thyroid disruptive action for BDE-153 and DINCH. The experimental process involved the reaction of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate(cas: 3319-31-1).HPLC of Formula: 3319-31-1

The Article related to thyroxine binding globulin bde153 mol interaction docking, endocrine disruption, plasticizers, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes), structural binding characterization, thyroid dysfunction, thyroxine-binding globulin (tbg) and other aspects.HPLC of Formula: 3319-31-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On August 3, 2022, Song, Xue-Chao; Canellas, Elena; Dreolin, Nicola; Goshawk, Jeff; Nerin, Cristina published an article.Formula: C33H54O6 The title of the article was Identification of Nonvolatile Migrates from Food Contact Materials Using Ion Mobility-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry and in Silico Prediction Tools. And the article contained the following:

The identification of migrates from food contact materials (FCMs) is challenging due to the complex matrixes and limited availability of com. standards The use of machine-learning-based prediction tools can help in the identification of such compounds This study presents a workflow to identify nonvolatile migrates from FCMs based on liquid chromatog.-ion mobility-high-resolution mass spectrometry together with in silico retention time (RT) and collision cross section (CCS) prediction tools. The applicability of this workflow was evaluated by screening the chems. that migrated from polyamide (PA) spatulas. The number of candidate compounds was reduced by approx. 75% and 29% on applying RT and CCS prediction filters, resp. A total of 95 compounds were identified in the PA spatulas of which 54 compounds were confirmed using reference standards The development of a database containing predicted RT and CCS values of compounds related to FCMs can aid in the identification of chems. in FCMs. The experimental process involved the reaction of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate(cas: 3319-31-1).Formula: C33H54O6

The Article related to nonvolatile migration food contact material ion mobility spectrometry model, collision cross section, food contact materials, food safety, in silico tools, ion mobility, machine learning, migration, polyamide, retention time prediction and other aspects.Formula: C33H54O6

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Morishita, Yuki; Nomura, Yusuke; Fukui, Chie; Fujisawa, Ayano; Watanabe, Kayo; Fujimaki, Hideo; Kumada, Hidefumi; Inoue, Kaoru; Morikawa, Tomomi; Takahashi, Miwa; Kawakami, Tsuyoshi; Sakoda, Hideyuki; Mukai, Tomokazu; Yuba, Toshiyasu; Inamura, Ken-ichi; Tanoue, Akito; Miyazaki, Ken-ichi; Chung, Ung-il; Ogawa, Kumiko; Yoshida, Midori; Haishima, Yuji published an article in 2018, the title of the article was Alternative plasticizer, 4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid dinonyl ester, for blood containers with protective effects on red blood cells and improved cold resistance.Recommanded Product: 3319-31-1 And the article contains the following content:

Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a typical plasticizer used for polyvinyl chloride (PVC), is eluted from PVC-made blood containers and protects against red blood cell (RBC) hemolysis. However, concerns have arisen regarding the reproductive and developmental risks of DEHP in humans, and the use of alternative plasticizers for medical devices has been recommended worldwide. In this study, we propose that the use of a novel plasticizer, 4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid dinonyl ester (DL9TH), could help produce more useful and safe blood containers. PVC sheet containing DL9TH and di (2-ethylhexyl) 4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylate (DOTH) provides comparable or superior protective effects to RBCs relative to PVC sheet containing DEHP or di-isononyl-cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (DINCH, an alternative plasticizer that has been used in PVC sheets for blood containers). The total amount of plasticizer eluted from DOTH/DL9TH-PVC sheets is nearly the same as that eluted from DEHP-PVC sheets. In addition, DOTH/DL9TH-PVC has better cold resistance than DEHP- and DINCH-PVC sheets. In vitro and in vivo tests for biol. safety based on International Organization for Standardization guidelines (10993 series) suggest that the DOTH/DL9TH-PVC sheet can be used safely. Subchronic toxicity testing of DL9TH in male rats in accordance with the principles of Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development Test Guideline 408 showed that DL9TH did not induce adverse effects up to the highest dose level tested (717 mg/kg body weight/day). There were no effects on testicular histopathol. and sperm counts, and no indications of endocrine effects: testosterone, TSH, FSH, and 17β-estradiol were unchanged by the treatment, compared with the control group. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2017. The experimental process involved the reaction of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate(cas: 3319-31-1).Recommanded Product: 3319-31-1

The Article related to plasticizer cyclohexenedicarboxylate dinonyl ester blood container erythrocyte cold resistance, 4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid dinonyl ester, alternative plasticizers, blood containers, cold resistance, protective effects on red blood cells and other aspects.Recommanded Product: 3319-31-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On December 17, 2019, Craig, Jessica A.; Ceballos, Diana M.; Fruh, Victoria; Petropoulos, Zoe E.; Allen, Joseph G.; Calafat, Antonia M.; Ospina, Maria; Stapleton, Heather M.; Hammel, Stephanie; Gray, Rebecca; Webster, Thomas F. published an article.Electric Literature of 3319-31-1 The title of the article was Exposure of Nail Salon Workers to Phthalates, Di(2-ethylhexyl) Terephthalate, and Organophosphate Esters: A Pilot Study. And the article contained the following:

Relatively little is known about exposure of nail technicians to semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC) in nail salons. Pre- and post-shift urine samples and silicone wrist bands (SWB) worn on lapels and wrists of 10 female nail technicians in the Boston area (Massachusetts) were collected in 2016-17. Samples were analyzed for phthalates, phthalate alternatives, and organophosphate esters (OPE) or their metabolites. Post-shift urine concentrations were generally higher than pre-shift for SVOC metabolites; the greatest change was for a metabolite of the phthalate alternative, di(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate (DEHTP): mono(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) terephthalate (MECPTP), which more than tripled from 11.7 to 36.6μg/g creatinine. DEHTP biomarkers were higher in study participants post-shift urine vs. 2015-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey females. Urinary MECPTP and another DEHTP metabolite were moderately correlated (r = 0.37-0.60) with DEHTP on SWB, suggesting occupation as an exposure source. Results suggested nail technicians are occupationally exposed to certain phthalates, phthalate alternatives, and OPE; DEHTP metabolites showed the largest increase across a work day. Detecting several of these SVOC on SWB suggested they can be used as a tool to examine potential SVOC occupational exposure in nail salon workers. The experimental process involved the reaction of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate(cas: 3319-31-1).Electric Literature of 3319-31-1

The Article related to occupational health hazard phthalate exposure nail salon worker, diethylhexyl terephthalate organophosphate ester exposure nail salon worker, semivolatile organic occupational exposure nail salon worker, urine biomarker semivolatile organic occupational exposure boston massachusetts, silicone wrist band estimated semivolatile organic exposure salon worker and other aspects.Electric Literature of 3319-31-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On October 31, 2019, Christia, Christina; Tang, Bin; Yin, Shan-Shan; Luo, Xiao-Jun; Mai, Bi-Xian; Poma, Giulia; Covaci, Adrian published an article.Recommanded Product: Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate The title of the article was Simultaneous determination of legacy and emerging organophosphorus flame retardants and plasticizers in indoor dust using liquid and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: method development, validation, and application. And the article contained the following:

A method was developed and validated to simultaneously detect and quantify 19 organophosphorus flame retardants (PFR/ePFR; 14 legacy, 5 emerging) and 20 plasticizers (7 legacy [LP], 13 alternative plasticizers [AP]). Sample preparation was based on combining previously validated anal. protocols, including ultrasonic extraction and Florisil fractionation/clean-up. The anal. was liquid chromatog./tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS-MS) for all targeted compounds except bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and bis (2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate (DEHT), for which isomer separation resulted in more favorable gas chromatog./electron ionization/mass spectrometry (GC-EI-MS) anal. This method was validated using two levels of analyte fortification in dust. Achieved linearity (R2) was 0.993-0.999. Limits of detection and quantification (LOD, LOQ) were 1-265 ng/g and 1-870 ng/g for all analytes, resp., except DEHP and DEHT, for which relatively higher LOD (665 and 1100 ng/g) and LOQ (2100 and 3500 ng/g) resp., were observed Accuracy was 75-125% for most of analytes; repeatability was good with relative standard deviation <15% for most compounds The method determined/quantified targeted analytes in house dust (n = 10) from Guangzhou, China. Median concentrations were 3-210 ng/g for PFR, 4-165 ng/g for ePFR, 30-100,000 ng/g for LP, and 6-34,000 ng/g for AP. Main contributors to total contamination were LP (63%) and AP (37%) in total plasticizers; PFR and ePFR contributed 90 and 10% of total flame retardants. The experimental process involved the reaction of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate(cas: 3319-31-1).Recommanded Product: Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate

The Article related to environmental analysis, fire-resistant materials (organophosphorus), fireproofing agents (organophosphorus), fractionation (analyte florisil), gas chromatography (mass spectrometry and), household dust, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, plasticizers, ultrasonication (vortexing and, extraction method) and other aspects.Recommanded Product: Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics