Category: 3319-31-1

Lindberg, Bo G.; Tang, Xiongzhuo; Dantoft, Widad; Gohel, Priya; Esfahani, Shiva Seyedoleslami; Lindvall, Jessica M.; Engstroem, Ylva published an article in 2018, the title of the article was Nubbin isoform antagonism governs Drosophila intestinal immune homeostasis.Reference of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate And the article contains the following content:

Gut immunity is regulated by intricate and dynamic mechanisms to ensure homeostasis despite a constantly changing microbial environment. Several regulatory factors have been described to participate in feedback responses to prevent aberrant immune activity. Little is, however, known about how transcriptional programs are directly tuned to efficiently adapt host gut tissues to the current microbiome. Here we show that the POU/Oct gene nubbin (nub) encodes two transcription factor isoforms, Nub-PB and Nub-PD, which antagonistically regulate immune gene expression in Drosophila. Global transcriptional profiling of adult flies overexpressing Nub-PB in immunocompetent tissues revealed that this form is a strong transcriptional activator of a large set of immune genes. Further genetic analyses showed that Nub-PB is sufficient to drive expression both independently and in conjunction with nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), JNK and JAK/STAT pathways. Similar overexpression of Nub-PD did, conversely, repress expression of the same targets. Strikingly, isoform cooverexpression normalized immune gene transcription, suggesting antagonistic activities. RNAi-mediated knockdown of individual nub transcripts in enterocytes confirmed antagonistic regulation by the two isoforms and that both are necessary for normal immune gene transcription in the midgut. Furthermore, enterocyte-specific Nub-PB expression levels had a strong impact on gut bacterial load as well as host lifespan. Overexpression of Nub-PB enhanced bacterial clearance of ingested Erwinia carotovora carotovora 15. Nevertheless, flies quickly succumbed to the infection, suggesting a deleterious immune response. In line with this, prolonged overexpression promoted a proinflammatory signature in the gut with induction of JNK and JAK/STAT pathways, increased apoptosis and stem cell proliferation. These findings highlight a novel regulatory mechanism of host-microbe interactions mediated by antagonistic transcription factor isoforms. The experimental process involved the reaction of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate(cas: 3319-31-1).Reference of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate

The Article related to animals, animals, genetically modified, body patterning, drosophila melanogaster: immunology, drosophila melanogaster: metabolism, drosophila melanogaster: microbiology, drosophila proteins: genetics, drosophila proteins: metabolism, female, gene expression regulation, developmental and other aspects.Reference of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On May 31, 2020, Lee, Young-Sun; Lim, Jae-Eun; Lee, Sunggyu; Moon, Hyo-Bang published an article.Reference of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate The title of the article was Phthalates and non-phthalate plasticizers in sediment from Korean coastal waters: Occurrence, spatial distribution, and ecological risks. And the article contained the following:

Due to regulations on phthalates, non-phthalate plasticizers (NPPs) are now used as an alternative. Limited studies have been conducted on the occurrence and distribution of NPPs. In this study, sediment samples were collected from 50 locations along the Korean coast to assess the occurrence, distribution, sources, and ecol. risks of phthalates and NPPs. Phthalates and NPPs were detected in all sediments, indicating ubiquitous contamination of the coastal environment. Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) and di(2-ethylhexyl)terephthalate (DEHT) were dominant, suggesting that DEHT could be an emerging contaminant of concern. The highest concentrations of phthalates and NPPs were found in sediment samples from harbors, implying they are contaminated hotspots. Sedimentary organic carbon was a major factor governing the distribution of phthalates and NPPs. Significant correlations were observed among phthalates and NPPs, suggesting similar sources and geochem. behavior. DEHP concentration exceeded threshold values, indicating potential health risks to benthic organisms in sediments. The experimental process involved the reaction of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate(cas: 3319-31-1).Reference of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate

The Article related to non phthalate plasticizer environmental risk assessment coastal sediment korea, alternative, benthic organism, dehp, deht, phthalate, plasticizer, Water: Water Pollution and other aspects.Reference of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On October 31, 2021, Kim, Youngju; Kim, Soy; Liao, Chunyang; Moon, Hyo-Bang published an article.Electric Literature of 3319-31-1 The title of the article was Severe contamination and time trend of legacy and alternative plasticizers in a highly industrialized lake associated with regulations and coastal development. And the article contained the following:

Few studies have been conducted on aquatic contamination by alternative plasticizers. Phthalates and novel plasticizers were measured in sediments from a highly industrialized lake to assess occurrence, sources, time trends, and ecol. risks. Legacy and alternative plasticizers were detected in all sediments. Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) was a predominant plasticizer, indicating its popular industrial consumption for the last two decades. Predominant novel plasticizers were changed over time. The highest sedimentary DEHP level was recorded on the global scale. Legacy and alternative plasticizers in creek sediments significantly increased from 2008 to 2016, while those from inshore and offshore regions of the lake significantly decreased in association with a dilution effect caused by the operation of a tidal power plant. Concentration ratios of alternative plasticizers to DEHP increased for the last decade, implying a shift in consumption of plasticizers. Sedimentary DEHP concentrations in creeks exceeded almost all threshold values associated with ecol. risks. The experimental process involved the reaction of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate(cas: 3319-31-1).Electric Literature of 3319-31-1

The Article related to industrialized lake contamination plasticizer coastal development, alternative, dehp, ecological risk, plasticizers, tidal power plant, time trend, Water: Water Pollution and other aspects.Electric Literature of 3319-31-1

Referemce:
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Ruangsuj, Pattarawan; Wanthongcharoen, Suwanan; Chaisriratanakul, Woraphan; Bunjongpru, Win; Yamprayoonswat, Wariya; Jeamsaksiri, Wutthinan; Jumpathong, Watthanachai; Yasawong, Montri published an article in 2022, the title of the article was Hybrid Plasticizers Enhance Specificity and Sensitivity of an Electrochemical-Based Sensor for Cadmium Detection.Recommanded Product: 3319-31-1 And the article contains the following content:

In addition to their use as an additive to improve phys. properties of solvent polymeric membranes, plasticizers have a considerable impact on the specificity and sensitivity of membrane-modified electrochem. sensors. In this work, we aim at the hybridization of two different plasticizers using the electropolymerization technique in the development of a cadmium(II)-selective electrochem. sensor based on screen-printed gold electrode along with cyclic voltammetric measurement. At this point, we first screen for the primary plasticizer yielding the highest signal using cyclic voltammetry followed by pairing it with the secondary plasticizers giving rise to the most sensitive current response. The results show that the hybridization of DOS and TOTM with 3:1 weight ratio (â‰?37.7-μm-thick membrane) renders a signal that is >26% higher than that from the sensor plasticized by DOS per se in water. The solution of 0.1 mM hydrochloric acid (pH 4) is the optimal supporting electrolyte. In addition, hybrid plasticizers have adequate redox capacity to induce cadmium(II) transfer from bulk solution to the membrane/water interfaces. Conversion of voltammetric signals to semi-integral currents results in linearity with cadmium(II) concentration, indicating the irreversible cadmium(II) transfer to the membrane. The DOS:TOTM hybrid sensor also exhibits high sensitivity, with a limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) of 95 ppb and 288 ppb, resp., as well as greater specificity towards cadmium(II) than that obtained from the single plasticizer sensor. Furthermore, recovery rates of spiked cadmium(II) in water samples were higher than 97% using the hybrid plasticizer sensor. Unprecedentedly, our work reports that the hybridization of plasticizers serves as ion-to-electron transducer that can improve the sensor performance in cadmium(II) detection. The experimental process involved the reaction of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate(cas: 3319-31-1).Recommanded Product: 3319-31-1

The Article related to cadmium detection plasticizer sensitivity electrochem sensor, cadmium ionophore, cadmium(ii), electrochemical sensor, heavy metals, hybrid plasticizers, ion transfer, Electrochemistry: Corrosion and other aspects.Recommanded Product: 3319-31-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On February 29, 2016, Eckert, Elisabeth; Muench, Frank; Goeen, Thomas; Purbojo, Ariawan; Mueller, Johannes; Cesnjevar, Robert published an article.Synthetic Route of 3319-31-1 The title of the article was Comparative study on the migration of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and tri-2-ethylhexyl trimellitate (TOTM) into blood from PVC tubing material of a heart-lung machine. And the article contained the following:

Medical devices like blood tubing often consist of PVC material that requires the addition of plasticizers. These plasticizers may migrate into the blood leading to an exposure of the patients. In this study the migration behavior of three different blood tubing sets (PVC material with two different plasticizers and silicone as control material) applied on a heart-lung machine standardly used for cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in children was studied. We analyzed the total plasticizer migration by anal. of both, the parent compounds as well as their primary degradation products in blood. Addnl., the total mass loss of the tubing over perfusion time was examined The PVC tubing plasticized with DEHP (di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate) was found to have the highest mass loss over time and showed a high plasticizer migration rate. In comparison, the migration of TOTM (tri-2-ethylhexyl trimellitate) and its primary degradation products was found to be distinctly lower (by a factor of approx. 350). Moreover, it was observed that the storage time of the tubing affects the plasticizer migration rates. In conclusion, the DEHP substitute TOTM promises to be an effective alternative plasticizer for PVC medical devices particularly regarding the decreased migration rate during medical procedures. The experimental process involved the reaction of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate(cas: 3319-31-1).Synthetic Route of 3319-31-1

The Article related to diethylhexyl phthalate triethylhexyl trimellitate pvc cardiopulmonary bypass blood tubing, blood tubing, leaching, medical devices, pvc, plasticizers, silicone, Pharmaceuticals: Biologicals and other aspects.Synthetic Route of 3319-31-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On March 31, 2022, Dahbi, Laurence; Farce, Amaury; Kambia, Nicolas; Severin, Isabelle; Dine, Thierry; Moreau, Emmanuel; Sautou, Valerie; Chagnon, Marie-Christine published an article.Reference of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate The title of the article was In vitro and in silico approach to study the hormonal activities of the alternative plasticizer tri-(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate TEHTM and its metabolites. And the article contained the following:

Tri-(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate (TEHTM) is a plasticizer for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) material used in medical devices. It is an alternative to di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a well-known reprotoxic and endocrine disruptor. As plasticizers are known to easily migrate when in contact with fatty biol. fluids, patient exposure to TEHTM is highly probable. However, there is currently no data on the potential endocrine-disrupting effects of its human metabolites. To evaluate the effects of TEHTM metabolites on endocrine activity, they were first synthesized and their effects on estrogen, androgen and thyroid receptors, as well as steroid synthesis, were investigated by combining in vitro and in silico approaches. Among the primary metabolites, only 4-MEHTM (4-mono-(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate) showed agonist activities on ERs and TRs, while three diesters were TR antagonists at non-cytotoxic concentrations These results were completed by docking experiments which specified the ER and TR isoforms involved. A mixture of 2/1-MEHTM significantly increased the estradiol level and reduced the testosterone level in H295R cell culture supernatants. The oxidized secondary metabolites of TEHTM had no effect on ER, AR, TR receptors or on steroid hormone synthesis. Among the fourteen metabolites, these data showed that two of them (4-MEHTM and 2/1-MEHTM) induced effect on hormonal activities in vitro. However, by comparing the concentrations of the primary metabolites found in human urine with the active concentrations determined in bioassays, it can be suggested that the metabolites will not be active with regard to estrogen, androgen, thyroid receptors and steroidogenesis-mediated effects. The experimental process involved the reaction of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate(cas: 3319-31-1).Reference of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate

The Article related to hormonal activity tehtm metabolite steroid hormone, in silico, medical devices, steroidogenesis, t-screen assay, tehtm, her and har reporter gene assays, Toxicology: Toxins and Venoms and other aspects.Reference of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On December 31, 2019, Tokhadze, N.; Chennell, P.; Bernard, L.; Lambert, C.; Pereira, B.; Mailhot-Jensen, B.; Sautou, V. published an article.Reference of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate The title of the article was Impact of alternative materials to plasticized PVC infusion tubings on drug sorption and plasticizer release. And the article contained the following:

The aim of this study was to assess interactions between drugs and five alternative materials to a reference plasticized PVC i.v. (IV) infusion tubing: three were PVC coextruded with polyethylene (PE), polyurethane (PU) or a thermoplastic elastomer (Styrene-EthyleneButadiene-Styrene (SEBS)) and two were SEBS or thermoplastic olefin (TPO) monolayer tubings. Diazepam and insulin were chosen as resp. reference of absorption and adsorption while paracetamol acted as a neg. control. The concentration of each drug was quantified with liquid chromatog. to evaluate a potential loss after a static contact condition and simulated infusion at 1 mL/h and 10 mL/h dynamic condition by an elec. syringe pump. Plasticizer release was quantified by GC-MS. For all tubings except PVC/PU, no loss of paracetamol was observed in any condition. PVC tubings induced the least loss of insulin amongst all the studied materials. Coextruded PVC/SEBS and PVC/PE presented the lowest zeta potential of all studied materials with resp. values of -39 mV and -36 mV and were related to the highest sorption of insulin while PVC/PU with the highest zeta potential (about -9 mV) presented the highest absorption of diazepam. Coextruded layered materials appeared to have a lower plasticizer release than PVC alone. As a conclusion, PVC/PE and thermoplastic elastomers alone or coextruded with PVC could be interesting alternatives to PVC tubings with regards to sorption phenomena and plasticizer release. The experimental process involved the reaction of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate(cas: 3319-31-1).Reference of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate

The Article related to pvc infusion tubing drug sorption plasticizer release, Pharmaceuticals: Pharmaceutics and other aspects.Reference of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On July 31, 2019, Khalaf, Aman I.; El Nashar, Doaa E.; Helaly, Fahima M.; Soliman, Abdelmohsen published an article.Computed Properties of 3319-31-1 The title of the article was Evaluation of controlled release PVC/PEG polymeric films containing 5-fluorouracil for long-term antitumor. And the article contained the following:

The polymeric film based on polyvinyl chloride (PVC)/polyethylene glycol (PEG) and starch cellulose acetate (SCA) using trioctyltrimellitate (TOTM) as a plasticizer was prepared It was found that PVC/PEG/TOTM (10/90/5) blend film containing 60% SCA has a good optimum mech. property. The prepared polymer film was loaded with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) as a traditional anticancer drug. The prepared polymer with and without the 5-FU drug was characterized by Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy. The polymer carried 5-fluorouracil was examined as slow release drug through subjecting to aqueous media of varied pHs for different time periods. The release was measured spectrophotometrically. It was found that the release rate depends on the pH of the aqueous media. The release of the drug in the alk. media was found to be faster and higher compared to the other media. Also, the sustained release of the drug was extended to about 60 days. The diffusion coefficient (D) of the released 5-FU carrier was determined, and the calculated values were found to be 4.595 × 10-5, 3.846 × 10-4 and 8.756 × 10-4 mm2/day in neutral, acidic and basic media, resp., according to Higuch’s equation. The data obtained from the in vitro cytotoxic activity of the released 5-FU showed a sustained antiproliferative potency against human liver cancer cell line with different ratios for growth inhibition of cancer cells. The experimental process involved the reaction of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate(cas: 3319-31-1).Computed Properties of 3319-31-1

The Article related to tumor antitumor fluorouracil polyvinyl chloride peg trioctyltrimellitate, Pharmaceuticals: Pharmaceutics and other aspects.Computed Properties of 3319-31-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On July 31, 2021, Budde, Dana; Albano, Gian-Luca; Noll, Thomas; Jurkiewicz, Elke published an article.COA of Formula: C33H54O6 The title of the article was Interaction of leachable model compounds and their impact on Chinese hamster ovary cell cultivation. And the article contained the following:

The presence of leachables in biopharmaceutical processes using single-use technologies (SUT) is well known. For the detection and quantification of the latter, extractable studies of SUT are very common nowadays. Although a mixture of compounds is regularly found in extractable studies, research has only been carried out regarding the effect of individual compounds on cell culture and the cumulative effect of a mix of leachables has not been investigated yet. In this study, a set of leachable model compounds (LMCs) was chosen and the effect of the LMCs on a Chinese hamster ovary DG44 cell line producing an IgG antibody was investigated concerning cell growth, cell cycle distribution and productivity. It was shown that even if worst-case concentrations were used, the LMCs solely impact cell growth. Addnl., interaction studies revealed that the inhibiting effect of the mix is lower than the expected cumulative effect. A strong antagonism between the antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene and the plasticizer Tris(2-ethylhexyl)trimellitate was found using an isobologram anal. The experimental process involved the reaction of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate(cas: 3319-31-1).COA of Formula: C33H54O6

The Article related to leachable model compound hamster ovary cell cultivation, antibody production, cytotoxicity, extractables and leachables, isobologram analysis, single-use systems, Nonmammalian Biochemistry: Other and other aspects.COA of Formula: C33H54O6

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On November 20, 2019, Lee, Young-Sun; Lee, Sunggyu; Lim, Jae-Eun; Moon, Hyo-Bang published an article.Synthetic Route of 3319-31-1 The title of the article was Occurrence and emission of phthalates and non-phthalate plasticizers in sludge from wastewater treatment plants in Korea. And the article contained the following:

Phthalates are endocrine-disrupting chems. that cause adverse health effects in wildlife and humans. Due to domestic and global regulations of phthalates in com. products, non-phthalate plasticizers (NPPs) have been introduced into industrial markets. Few studies have been conducted on the occurrence of phthalates and NPPs in sludge from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). In this study, sludge samples were collected from 40 WWTPs in Korea to investigate the occurrence, compositional profiles, and emission flux of phthalates and NPPs. Total concentrations of phthalates and NPPs in sludge ranged from 4.7 to 1400 (mean: 110) μg/g dry weight and from 0.17 to 780 (mean: 28.0) μg/g dry weight, resp. Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) was a predominant compound, suggesting widespread consumption in Korea. Di(2-ethylhexyl)terephthalate (DEHT) was dominant in industrial sludge samples, whereas di-isononyl cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (DINCH) and trioctyl trimellitate (TOTM) were dominant in domestic sludge. This implies different consumption patterns of phthalate alternatives by industry and domestic activities. Concentrations of NPPs were significantly correlated with those of high-mol.-weight (HMW) phthalates, indicating that HMW phthalates were preferentially replaced by NPPs. The emission fluxes of phthalates via domestic WWTP activities were higher than those measured for industrial WWTPs, while the emission fluxes of NPPs via industrial WWTPs were higher than those found for domestic and industrial WWTPs. This indicates that phthalate emissions are associated with household activities, while NPP emissions are associated with industrial activities. The experimental process involved the reaction of Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate(cas: 3319-31-1).Synthetic Route of 3319-31-1

The Article related to phthalate nonphthalate plasticizer occurrence emission sludge wwtp korea, dehp, deht, dinch, plasticizer, totm, wwtp, Waste Treatment and Disposal: Other and other aspects.Synthetic Route of 3319-31-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics