Reference of Methyl 4-fluoro-3-nitrobenzoateIn 2015 ,《Selective Selenol Fluorescent Probes: Design, Synthesis, Structural Determinants, and Biological Applications》 was published in Journal of the American Chemical Society. The article was written by Zhang, Baoxin; Ge, Chunpo; Yao, Juan; Liu, Yaping; Xie, Huichen; Fang, Jianguo. The article contains the following contents:
Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient element, and the biol. significance of Se is predominantly dependent on its incorporation as selenocysteine (Sec), the genetically encoded 21st amino acid in protein synthesis, into the active site of selenoproteins, which have broad functions, ranging from redox regulation and antiinflammation to the production of active thyroid hormones. Compared to its counterpart Cys, there are only limited probes for selective recognition of Sec, and such selectivity is strictly restricted at low pH conditions. The authors reported herein the design, synthesis, and biol. evaluations of a series of potential Sec probes based on the mechanism of nucleophilic aromatic substitution. After the initial screening, the structural determinants for selective recognition of Sec were recapitulated. The follow-up studies identified that probe 19 (Sel-green) responds to Sec and other selenols with >100-fold increase of emission in neutral aqueous solution (pH 7.4), while there is no significant interference from the biol. thiols, amines, or alcs. Sel-green was successfully applied to quantify the Sec content in the selenoenzyme thioredoxin reductase and image endogenous Sec in live HepG2 cells. With the aid of Sel-green, it was further demonstrated that the cytotoxicity of different selenocompounds is correlated to their ability metabolizing to selenols in cells. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, Sel-green is the first selenol probe that works under physiol. conditions. The elucidation of the structure-activity relation for selective recognition of selenols paves the way for further design of novel probes to better understand the pivotal role of Sec as well as selenoproteins in vivo. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of Methyl 4-fluoro-3-nitrobenzoate(cas: 329-59-9Reference of Methyl 4-fluoro-3-nitrobenzoate)
Methyl 4-fluoro-3-nitrobenzoate(cas: 329-59-9) belongs to methyl benzoate. Methyl benzoate reacts at both the ring and the ester, depending on the substrate. Electrophiles attack the ring, illustrated by acid-catalysed nitration with nitric acid to give methyl 3-nitrobenzoate.Reference of Methyl 4-fluoro-3-nitrobenzoate
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