Category: 31566-31-1

Toxicometabolomics of lindane in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) using GC-MS/MS and LC-Orbitrap-MS/MS was written by Yuan, Xiu;Lee, Junghak;Park, Eunyoung;Lee, Hwa-Kyung;Kim, Jeong-Han. And the article was included in Applied Biological Chemistry in 2021.Related Products of 31566-31-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Lindane is a broad-spectrum persistent organochlorine pesticide that has been used to control pests for many years. In this study, its toxic mechanisms in adult zebrafish were investigated using targeted metabolomics with GC-MS/MS and non-targeted metabolomics with LC-Orbitrap-MS/MS. Zebrafish was exposed to lindane in water for 48 h in three groups: control, low exposure (1/10 LC₅₀) and high exposure (LC₅₀). In the zebrafish exposed to low concentration of lindane, 2.24-3.98 mg/kg of lindane were determined, while 35.67-56.46 mg/kg were observed in the zebrafish exposed to high concentration A total of 118 metabolites were identified from 394 metabolites on GC-MS/MS and 45 metabolites were selected as biomarkers. A total of 62 metabolites were identified on LC-Orbitrap-MS/MS and 7 metabolites were selected as biomarkers. Three groups were well separated on partial least squares-discriminant anal. (PLS-DA), and a total of 52 metabolites in both the targeted and non-targeted metabolites were selected as biomarkers through VIP and ANOVA tests to construct a heatmap. Five metabolic pathways such as the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), histidine metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, alanine/aspartate/glutamate metabolism, and phenylalanine/tyrosine/tryptophan biosynthesis, were observed to show toxicol. signifcant alterations. Oxidative stress was also confirmed through MDA and ROS assays. Such perturbations of the metabolic pathways of zebrafish caused by the exposure to lindane resulted in significant toxicol. effects. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1Related Products of 31566-31-1).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Related Products of 31566-31-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Analysis of Metabolomic Changes in Xylem and Phloem Sap of Cucumber under Phosphorus Stresses was written by Sun, Jingjing;Li, Qinglin;Xu, Hui;Zhang, Wentao. And the article was included in Metabolites in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 31566-31-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Cucumber xylem and phloem sap is a key link in nutrient distribution, transportation and signal transduction of cucumber plants; however, the metabolic response mechanism of cucumber xylem and phloem sap under phosphorus stress has not been clearly revealed. In this study, gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) combined with principal component anal. (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant anal. (PLS-DA) were used to analyze the metabolites in cucumber xylem and phloem sap under different phosphorus stress. A total of 22 differential metabolites were screened from xylem and phloem sap, resp. Through the anal. of metabolic pathways of differential metabolites, four and three key metabolic pathways were screened, resp. The results showed that compared with the normal phosphorus level, the content of most amino acids in the key metabolic pathway increased in xylem but decreased in phloem both under low and high phosphorus stress levels. The contents of sucrose and glucose in phloem glycolysis pathway showed a pos. correlation with the change of phosphorus nutrient levels. The tricarboxylic acid cycle was promoted in xylem and phloem of cucumber under low and high phosphorus nutrient levels, and the contents of malic acid and citric acid increased significantly. This study provided abundant biochem. information for the metabolic response and regulation strategies of cucumber xylem and phloem under phosphorus stress, and is committed to looking for more sensitive markers to evaluate the supply level of phosphorus nutrients in cucumber. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1HPLC of Formula: 31566-31-1).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.HPLC of Formula: 31566-31-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Nanostructured lipid carrier for transdermal gliclazide delivery: development and optimization by Box-Behnken design was written by Jahan, Samreen;Aqil, Mohd.;Ahad, Abdul;Imam, Syed Sarim;Waheed, Ayesha;Qadir, Abdul;Ali, Asgar. And the article was included in Inorganic and Nano-Metal Chemistry.COA of Formula: C21H44O5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The aim of current study was to prepare and optimize the nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) for transdermal gliclazide (GCZ) delivery. The melt emulsification followed by ultrasonication technique was utilized to prepare GCZ-loaded-NLC. The optimization of NLC was achieved by Box-Behnken design. The surfactant (Tween 20) % (X1), total lipid (glyceryl monostearate + Lauroglycol 90) % (X2), and sonication time (min) (X3) were chosen as independent variables, while particles size (Y1), polydispersity index (Y2), and entrapment efficiency (Y3) were selected as response. Further, the prepared NLC was estimated for in vitro drug release study, ex vivo skin permeation and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) studies. Results of present study demonstrated that the optimized GCZ loaded NLC formulation presented the particles size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency of 120.4 nm, 0.316, -5.58 mV, and 87.32% resp. The in vitro drug release study indicated drug release of 68.27 ± 2.98% and 45.87 ± 2.85% for GCZ-NLC and conventional GCZ dispersion resp. The GCZ-NLC-Gel formulation exhibited transdermal drug permeation of 76.89 ± 2.52% as compared to conventional gel (45.65 ± 2.79%). The CLSM of rat skin treated with NLC gel exhibited a deeper permeation (35 μm) in comparison to the conventional gel (15 μm). In conclusion, GCZ loaded NLC was successfully optimized using Box-Behnken design that contributed many advantages over conventional formulation and thus demonstrating NLC as propitious carriers for the transdermal GCZ delivery. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1COA of Formula: C21H44O5).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. COA of Formula: C21H44O5

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

High humidity aggravates the severity of arthritis in collagen-induced arthritis mice by upregulating xylitol and L-pyroglutamic acid was written by Wang, Mingzhu;Chen, Jiao;Lin, Xiaoying;Huang, Lin;Li, Haichang;Wen, Chengping;He, Zhixing. And the article was included in Arthritis Research & Therapy in 2021.Category: esters-buliding-blocks The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Humidity was an unfavorable factor for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RA disease activity was severe in high humidity conditions. However, there is no evidence to demonstrate the effects of humidity on arthritis in the animal experiments and explore its relevant mechanism. Using the DBA/1 mice, this study addressed the effects of a high humidity (80 ± 5%) on arthritis in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice. Then, this study used the gas chromatog.-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) to explore alterations in serum metabolome caused by the high humidity. Furthermore, xylitol and L-pyroglutamic acid, which were both significantly upregulated by the high humidity, were selected to further study their effects on arthritis in the CIA mice. The high humidity (80 ± 5%) could aggravate arthritis variables including increasing arthritis score and swelling, serum autoantibodies (anti-COII and anti-CCP), and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-17A, and G-CSF). In addition, the high humidity could cause significant alterations in serum metabolome in the CIA mice. Xylitol and L-pyroglutamic acid were the representative serum metabolites that were significantly upregulated by the high humidity. Further experiments demonstrated that the supplementation of 0.4 mg/mL xylitol in drinking water after inducing the CIA model and 2.0 mg/mL in drinking water before inducing the CIA model could both aggravate arthritis in the CIA mice. These data demonstrated that high humidity was not beneficial for arthritis development and its mechanism might be associated with xylitol and L-pyroglutamic acid. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1Category: esters-buliding-blocks).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Development of trimethyl chitosan coated nanostructure lipid carriers to enhance the brain targeting capacity of ceftriaxone was written by Padhi, Swarupanjali;Mazumder, Rupa;Bisth, Shradha. And the article was included in Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology.Reference of 31566-31-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Cationic nanostructured lipid carriers were devised to improve the biodistribution of the drug in the CNS. Especially, the delivery of antibiotics via uninflamed meninges at various stages of infection is the most challenging part of the treatment regimen. The ceftriaxone loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC-CEFs) were formulated using glyceryl monostearate and capryol90 and the resulting NLC-CEFs were coated with tri-Me chitosan (NLC-CEFs-TMC) to increase the cellular uptake of the drug. The TMC was synthesized from chitosan and its formation was confirmed by XRD, FTIR, DSC, and H1 NMR analyses. The freeze-dried NLC-CEFs and the NLC-CEFs-TMC formed, were evaluated by FTIR, DSC, XRD, SEM, and zeta potential analyses. The rat model was used to study the biodistribution of the drug in brain and confirm the potential delivery of drug in NLC-CEFs-TMC carriers through blood brain barrier. It was found to increase by 10.51 times compared to the drug solution when administered through IV and collected after 8 h. The brain enhancement factor was found to be, 5.86 and 7.95 resp. for NLC-CEFs and NLC-CEFs-TMC collected after 8 h. The brain targeting index was found to be 0.29 ± 0.02, 0.50 ± 0.04 and 0.029 ± 0.007 for NLC-CEFs, NLC-CEFs-TMC, and CEF solution The highest brain targeting index and brain enhancement ratio was achieved by NLC-CEFs-TMC. Success of these lipid dosage forms may be attributed to the lipophilic nature of the NLCs, which is similar to that of meninges and another cause may be the increase in the uptake of cationic NLCs by neg. charged CNS membrane. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1Reference of 31566-31-1).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Reference of 31566-31-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Role of solid lipid nanoparticles as drug delivery vehicles on the pharmacokinetic variability of Erlotinib HCl was written by Rampaka, Rajani;Ommi, Kusuma;Chella, Naveen. And the article was included in Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology in 2021.Computed Properties of C21H44O5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Erlotinib HCl is approved for the treatment of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. Owing to its poor aqueous solubility and presystemic metabolism, Erlotinib HCl has poor oral bioavailability. Presence of food shows the variability in pharmacokinetics of erlotinib especially in absorption. The present study is aimed at developing solid lipid nanoparticles for Erlotinib HCl and evaluate their role on the bioavailability and food dependent variability in its absorption. Solid lipid nano particles were formulated by rota evaporation melt method and characterized by zeta sizer, FT-IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry and In vivo pharmacokinetic studies in SD rats. A sensitive and specific high-performance liquid chromatog. method was developed for the determination drug concentration in rats plasma. The pharmacokinetic data was analyzed using phoenix 32 WinNonlin software. The average particle size and zeta potential of the optimized Erlotinib SLN was found to be 177 nm and -33 mV. All the characterization studies indicated there were no interactions between drug and excipients and the drug is inside the nanoparticles. Linearity was observed for the Erlotinib HCl in rats plasma from 5 to 30μg/mL. In vivo pharmacokinetics study in rat model showed significant increase in the oral bioavailability (2.12-fold) and reduced variability in area under the curve (from 2.5 to 1.4) from fed to fasted state using solid lipid nanoparticles over the plain drug. Solid lipid nanoparticles showed significant improvement in bioavailability along with reduction in pharmacokinetic variability. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1Computed Properties of C21H44O5).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Computed Properties of C21H44O5

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Salicin and Hederacoside C-Based Extracts and UV-Absorbers Co-Loaded into Bioactive Lipid Nanocarriers with Promoted Skin Antiaging and Hydrating Efficacy was written by Lacatusu, Ioana;Balanuca, Brindusa;Serafim, Andrada;Ott, Cristina;Prodana, Mariana;Badea, Nicoleta. And the article was included in Nanomaterials in 2022.SDS of cas: 31566-31-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Conventional and herbal active principles can be combined in a beneficial harmony using their best features and compensating for the certain weaknesses of each. The study will answer the question, “how can willow bark extract (Wbe) or ivy leaf extract (Ile) influence the photoprotective, skin permeation and hydration properties of Bioactive Lipid Nanocarriers (BLN) loaded with UV-filters and selected herbals “. BLN-Wbe/Ile-UV-filters were characterized for particle size, zeta potential, thermal behavior, entrapment efficiency and drug loading. The formulated BLN-hydrogels (HG) were subjected to in vitro release and permeation experiments The in vitro determination of sun protection factors, as well as comparative in vitro photostability tests, rheol. behavior and in vivo hydration status have been also considered for hydrogels containing BLN-Ile/Wbe-UV-filters. Photoprotection of BLN-HG against UVA rays was more pronounced as compared with the UVB (UVA-PF reached values of 30, while the maximum SPF value was 13). The in vitro irradiation study demonstrated the photostability of BLN-HG under UV exposure. A noteworthy cosmetic efficacy was detected by in vivo skin test (hydration effect reached 97% for the BLN-Wbe-UV-filters prepared with pomegranate oil). The research novelty, represented by the first-time co-optation of the active herbal extracts (Wbe and Ile) together with two synthetic filters in the same nanostructured delivery system, will provide appropriate scientific support for the cosmetic industry to design novel marketed formulations with improved quality and health benefices. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1SDS of cas: 31566-31-1).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.SDS of cas: 31566-31-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The protective impact of adapted trimebutine maleate-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers for alleviating the severity of acute colitis was written by Motawea, Amira;Abd El Hady, Walaa Ebrahim;Ahmed El-Emam, Ghada. And the article was included in Drug Delivery in 2022.Computed Properties of C21H44O5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Nanoparticles for colon-drug delivery were designed and evaluated to solve many discrepancy issues such as high adverse effects of released drugs, insufficient drug amount at diseased areas, and unintentionally premature drug release to noninflamed GIT regions. Herein, the goal of this work was to convert trimebutine maleate (TMB) into nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) in order to improve its protective effects in ulcerative colitis. NLC of TMB was prepared by the hot homogenization followed by ultra-sonication method. A full 42-factorial design was used to estimate the produced TMB-NLC. The study design included the exploration of the impact of two independent variables namely lipid mix amount and ratio (glyceryl mono stearate and capryol 90), surfactant concentration (0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2%), on the particle size, polydispersity index, and the entrapment efficiency (EE%). The protective activity of F9 was examined through macroscopical scores, histopathol. changes, immunohistochem. localization of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and examination of oxidative stress such as reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) against acetic acid-induced colitis in rats. Consistent with our expectations, the orally administered optimized formula (F9) alleviated the severity of colitis in acetic acid-induced rat model of colitis likely owing to the controlled release compared to free TMB. We aimed to develop TMB-loaded NLC for the treatment of acute colitis with the goal of providing a superior drug safety profile over long-term remission and maintenance therapy. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1Computed Properties of C21H44O5).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Computed Properties of C21H44O5

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Design, characterization and evaluation of floating microencapsules of ilaprazole by hot melt granulation method was written by Kajale, Archana D.;Gawande, Shilpa R.;Channawar, Madhuri A.;Raut, Pratiksha;Junghari, Kalyani;Satpute, Snehal. And the article was included in Pharmaceutical and Chemical Journal in 2022.Formula: C21H44O5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Microencapsulation is described as a process of enclosing micron-sized particles of solids or droplets of liquids or gasses in an inert shell, which in turn isolates and protects them from the external environment. Hot-melt granulation (HMG) has gained interest in the pharmaceutical field as a processing technol. capable of producing solid dispersions with a high degree of drug-polymer interactions. The simultaneous mech. and thermal shear of samples achieved by HMG can noticeably modify drug properties such as solubility, poor taste, and flow-ability, while producing sustained drug delivery systems. In Hot Melt Granulation Amount of meltable binder is 10%-30% weight/weight with respect to that of fine solid particles is used. A Meltable binder suitable for melt a granulation has a m.p. typically within the range of 60-80 °C. Hydrophilic Meltable binders are used for preparation of immediate-release dosage forms while the hydrophobic Meltable binders are preferred for prolonged-release formulations. The current work elaborates the mechanism of hot melt granulation over traditional method for sustained release of drug and long lasting effect. In the present study stearic acid, Glyceryl monosterate, Cetyl alc. were used as base and various polymers like HPMC K100 M, Guargum, Xanthum gum, were used in various concentrations From this formulations HPMC K100 M in the concentration of 2% (I12) gives sustain drug release as 100.76% for 12 h and follows zero order kinetics. Where other polymers i.e. Xanthum gum Guargum, were not able to retain the drug release for 12 h in various concentrations This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1Formula: C21H44O5).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Formula: C21H44O5

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Fabrication of ultrastable water-in-oil high internal phase emulsion as versatile delivery vehicle through synergetic stabilization was written by Tang, Xiang-Yi;Wang, Zhi-Ming;Yu, Di;Yu, Shu-Juan;Meng, He-Cheng;Zhang, Tao;Chen, Hua-Lei;Yang, Zhan-Wei;Yang, Qing-Yu;Li, Lili. And the article was included in Food Hydrocolloids in 2022.COA of Formula: C21H44O5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Bioactive substances possess superior antioxidant, anti-hypertensive, and anti-tumor activities. However, their susceptibility to degrade at low pH often limit their application. Compare with the conventional oil-in-water (W/O) emulsions, the lack of natural hydrophobic stabilizers resulted in difficulties in fabricating water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsion (HIPE). Further, the instability of W/O HIPE also limit its industrial application in food industry. In the present study, a natural, conventional, eco-friendly, and structured W/O HIPE was developed using glyceryl monostearate (GMS) as emulsifier and beeswax and gellan gum as structurant. The system with the synergetic effect of emulsifier and structurant, accounted for 0.25 wt % of GMS and hydrogel, and 1.25 wt % of beeswax in total system endowed the W/O HIPE with biphasic rigid network and impressive storage stability. The microstructures of these newly developed W/O HIPEs could be controlled by the beeswax concentration (cb), GMS concentration (cg), and aqueous phase volume (Φ). Moreover, the GMS-based emulsion encapsulation improved the retention rate of betanin by 36.68% after 7 days of storage. Meanwhile, this emulsion gel could prevent the nucleophilic attack of hydrogen ions against betanin at room temperature under a low pH environment, which greatly improved the stability of betanin under highly acid conditions. Furthermore, the GMS stabilized W/O HIPE possessed pH-sensitive, which could achieve controlled-release of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic functional compounds in an in vitro simulated release assay. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1COA of Formula: C21H44O5).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.COA of Formula: C21H44O5

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics