Category: 31566-31-1

Mitochondrial Pro-Apoptotic Properties of Sinularia compressa from Persian Gulf against Breast Cancer Cells and Its Chemical Composition was written by Pour, Pardis Mohammadi;Yegdaneh, Afsaneh;Aghaei, Mahmoud;Kazemi, Fatemeh;Ghanadian, Mustafa. And the article was included in Nutrition and Cancer in 2022.Formula: C21H44O5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Locals in the Persian Gulf islands traditionally use Sinularia compressa to treat cancer. Therefore, this study deals with the cytotoxic activity of the soft coral Sinularia compressa chloroform extract (SCE), its pro-apoptotic activity, and the determination of its secondary metabolites. Cytotoxicity was done against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 and MCF-10A cells. Apoptosis induction was checked by flow cytometry. The DCFDA and JC-1 probes were used to assess the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the mitochondrial transmembrane potential. Caspase-9, Bax, and Bcl-2 proteins were determined with ELISA Kit, and by western blot anal. SCE exhibited cytotoxic activity with an IC₅₀ value of 32.51 ± 0.70 μg/mL against MCF-7, and 8.53 ± 0.97 μg/mL against MDA-MB-231 cancer cells. The induction of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway was found by ROS generation, attenuation of Bcl-2 and induction of Bax proteins. It was supported by activation of caspase-9, increased apoptotic cells, as well as decrease of δψm. In the acute toxicity, there was no detectable sign of hepatic or renal toxicity in the SCE 100 mg/kg. GC mass and NMR identified bioactive compounds as one monoterpene, one sesquiterpene, five fatty acids, one phthalate, and two steroidal compounds This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1Formula: C21H44O5).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Formula: C21H44O5

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Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Preparation of a stable gel-in-crystallized oil-in-gel type structured W₁/O/W₂ double emulsions: effect of internal aqueous phase gelation on the system stability was written by Wang, Wenjuan;Sun, Rui;Dong, Zhe;Ji, Suping;Xia, Qiang. And the article was included in Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology.Reference of 31566-31-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

This work reported a strategy to improve the storage stability of W1/O/W2 double emulsions with the combination of the gelled internal aqueous phase, crystallized lipid phase, and gelled external aqueous phase. The composite of κ-carrageenan and locust bean gum (κ-C/LBG) was a suitable gelling agent of the internal aqueous phase. Crystallized oils were formed by the addition of solid lipid (glycerol monostearate, GMS) into the oil phase. The double emulsions fortified by gelled inner droplets were filled in Ca-alginate hydrogel beads. The results demonstrated that GMS formed crystalline layers at the oil-water interface, and its concentration significantly affected the morphol. and droplet size of double emulsions. The total polymer concentration of κ-C/LBG had an effect on the droplet size and entrapment efficiency of double emulsions. Furthermore, thermal stability study (2-21 days) and long-term storage stability study (24 wk) showed that the gelation of the internal aqueous phase with a low concentration of 0.5 wt% κ-C/LBG appreciable increased the retention efficiency of the encapsulated double emulsions compared with the system of the non-gelled internal aqueous phase, which might provide a useful method to promote the production of double emulsions. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1Reference of 31566-31-1).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Reference of 31566-31-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The role of the polar head group and aliphatic tail in the self-assembly of low molecular weight molecules in oil was written by Golodnizky, Daniel;Rosen-Kligvasser, Jasmine;Davidovich-Pinhas, Maya. And the article was included in Food Structure in 2021.Related Products of 31566-31-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The current research explores the involvement of head group size, chem. group type, and aliphatic tail in the mol. self-assembly of various oil structuring agents with similar 18-carbon aliphatic chains and hydroxyl, carbonyl, and/or carboxyl groups, in canola oil. Thermal and mech. analyses at different molar concentrations emphasized the involvement of van der Waals (vdW) interactions and hydrogen bonds (H-bonds) in the self-assembly process. Higher contribution of vdW-forces in the self-assembly was observed when increasing mol. concentration from medium to high. The presence of H-bonds corresponding with organized crystal structures was detected in samples containing hydroxyl or carboxyl groups using nano-structure anal. Absence of such groups led to ordered organization only at high concentrations, implying the involvement of vdW interactions. Polarized images demonstrated curved structures for long head group mols., implying the formation of intermol. H-bonds with neighboring mols. leading to structure curvature. The current results provide exptl. indication to involvement of different forces, i.e. H-bonds and vdW, in the mol. self-assembly of oil structuring agents in oil which can be further exploit while developing new oleogel system based on low mol. weight gelators. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1Related Products of 31566-31-1).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Related Products of 31566-31-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Preparation and standardisation of herbal eye dark circle remover was written by Mufseena, P.;Celestin Baboo, R. V.;Shiji Kumar, P. S.. And the article was included in World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research in 2022.Computed Properties of C21H44O5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The eye, which is the point of convergence, not only conveys the full range of human emotion but also has a significant impact on how one is perceived in terms of health and beauty. Whenever correlated with other body parts, the skin around the eye is a region without many oil glands and collagen, so it is more inclined to scarce differences and drying out. Addnl. when there is more melanin produced around the eyes than is usual giving them a darker color, the condition is called periorbital hyperpigmentation. The principle objective of this research is to formulate, characterize and evaluate a herbal under-eye cream which consists of the extracts of cucumber (Cucumis sativus), Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis) and Vitamin E. The cream was prepared by using the cream base, beeswax, liquid paraffin, borax, aloe extract and cucumber extract The prepared formulation was evaluated for different parameters like phys. evaluations, pH, greasiness, phase separation and test for microorganism. The formulation showed good appearance, good pH, no phase separation and microbial growth. Also it is stable at room temperature The formulation containing herbal ingredients showed significant activity. Based upon the result, the formulation is stable and can be safely used as an under eye cream. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1Computed Properties of C21H44O5).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Computed Properties of C21H44O5

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis and In Vitro Characterization of Ascorbyl Palmitate-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles was written by Ledinski, Maja;Maric, Ivan;Peharec Stefanic, Petra;Ladan, Iva;Caput Mihalic, Katarina;Jurkin, Tanja;Gotic, Marijan;Urlic, Inga. And the article was included in Polymers (Basel, Switzerland) in 2022.Synthetic Route of C21H44O5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Antitumor applications of ascorbic acid (AA) and its oxidized form dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) can be quite challenging due to their instability and sensitivity to degradation in aqueous media. To overcome this obstacle, we have synthesized solid lipid nanoparticles loaded with ascorbyl palmitate (SLN-AP) with variations in proportions of the polymer Pluronic F-68. SLNs were synthesized using the hot homogenization method, characterized by measuring the particle size, polydispersity, zeta potential and visualized by TEM. To investigate the cellular uptake of the SLN, we have incorporated coumarin-6 into the same SLN formulation and followed their successful uptake for 48 h. We have tested the cytotoxicity of the SLN formulations and free ascorbate forms, AA and DHA, on HEK 293 and U2OS cell lines by MTT assay. The SLN-AP in both formulations have a cytotoxic effect at lower concentrations when compared to ascorbate applied the form of AA or DHA. Better selectivity for targeting tumor cell line was observed with 3% Pluronic F-68. The antioxidative effect of the SLN-AP was observed as early as 1 h after the treatment with a small dose of ascorbate applied (5 μM). SLN-AP formulation with 3% Pluronic F-68 needs to be further optimized as an ascorbate carrier due to its intrinsic cytotoxicity. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1Synthetic Route of C21H44O5).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Synthetic Route of C21H44O5

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Formulation and characterization of hydroxyethyl cellulose-based gel containing metronidazole-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles for buccal mucosal drug delivery was written by Ho, Hoang Nhan;Le, Hoang Hao;Le, Thien Giap;Duong, Thi Hong Anh;Ngo, Viet Quynh Tram;Dang, Cong Thuan;Nguyen, Van Minh;Tran, Tuan Hiep;Nguyen, Chien Ngoc. And the article was included in International Journal of Biological Macromolecules in 2022.Reference of 31566-31-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Local delivery of drug is a promising strategy to manage periodontitis characterized by chronic inflammation of the soft tissue surrounding the teeth. An optimized system should prolong the drug retention time and exhibit controlled drug permeation through the buccal mucosal layer. This study was aimed to develop hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC)-based gel containing metronidazole (MTZ) loaded in solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), and to enhance the antimicrobial activity of MTZ. SLNs were prepared using a combination method of solvent evaporation and hot homogenization. The results showed that the fabricated SLNs, comprising of Precirol (2.93%, w/v), Tween 80 (1.8%, w/v), and the drug:lipid ratio of 19.3% (weight/weight), were approx. 200 nm in size, with a narrow distribution. The HEC (3%, weight/weight)-based gel formed a smooth, homogeneous structure and had preferable mech. and rheol. properties. Moreover, the MTZ-loaded SLNs-based HEC gel (equivalent to 1% of MTZ, weight/weight) exhibited a sustained in vitro drug release pattern, optimal ex vivo permeability, and enhanced in vitro antimicrobial activity after 24 h of treatment. These findings indicate the potential of the MTZ-loaded SLNs-based HEC formulation for local drug delivery at the buccal mucosa in managing periodontal disease. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1Reference of 31566-31-1).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Reference of 31566-31-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Instant soups from cowpea varieties using foam-mat drying was written by Falade, Kolawole O.;Adeniyi, Oluwasanmi G.. And the article was included in LWT–Food Science and Technology in 2021.Electric Literature of C21H44O5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The effect of glyceryl monostearate (GMS) concentration (50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 mg/kg) on foam d. of cooked paste, and functional and sensory properties of instant soups from four cowpea varieties (Sokoto, Drum, Honey and Mala beans) was evaluated. The foam d. decreased with increased glycerol monostearate (GMS) concentration across the varieties. Foam d. (0.49-1.05 g/mL) of the cooked paste varied with glycerol monostearate concentration and cowpea variety. Swelling capacity (14.0-36.5 g/mL), water absorption (2.5-3.6 g/mL), oil absorption (1.1-1.7 g/mL), loose (0.6-0.8 g/mL) and packed (0.8-1.1 g/mL) bulk densities of the instant cowpea soup powders were significantly affected (p < 0.05) by the GMS concentration and variety. The L* (70.7-94.3), a* (-1.7-1.4), and b* (17.3-21.5) parameters of the foam-mat dried (instant soups) powders were significantly affected by cowpea varieties and GMS concentration Sensory evaluation conducted on the reconstituted powder and freshly made soup were significantly different. Among the reconstituted foam mat dried (instant soups) powders, reconstituted cooked paste from Drum cowpea variety with 50 mg/kg GMS was the most preferred by the panellists (6.8). Foam mat drying of cooked cowpea paste could be reconstituted into acceptable instant soup. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1Electric Literature of C21H44O5).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Electric Literature of C21H44O5

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Formulation and evaluation of Darunavir loaded solid lipid nanoparticles was written by Sandirigiri, Dinesh Kumar;Vijetha, K. Anie. And the article was included in World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences in 2022.Quality Control of Glyceryl monostearate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Darunavir is an anti-retroviral drug and it is inhibitor of HIV protease with poor water solubility So, the main objective of the study is to improve the solubility and bioavailability of poor water soluble drug Darunavir. The Present study outlines the formulation of the Darunavir loaded solid lipid nanoparticles, Particle size anal., Surface morphol., dissolution studies, drug loading, entrapment efficiency and drug release kinetics along with mechanisms. In general, Solid lipid nanoparticles were prepared by using various methods like homogenization, ultrasonication. The Optimized Solid lipid nanoparticles formed with Darunavir resulted in particle size of 334 nm, Poly dispersity index (0.184), zeta potential (-12.75) which results in stable dispersion. In-vitro drug release studies in 6.8 PH phosphate buffer shown 91.2% drug release at the last time period of 12 h and followed zero order release kinetics. Differential Scanning Calorimetry Studies were performed and found no chem. interactions. Surface morphol. was studied by SEM anal. and found that particles with spherical shape and smooth surface were appeared. Accelerated stability studies which was performed at 25.30 and 400 C temperatures after 3 mo there was no change in the stability of dispersion upon storage conditions. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1Quality Control of Glyceryl monostearate).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Quality Control of Glyceryl monostearate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synchronous pressing and refining after solid-phase preadsorption technology as a new method for rapeseed oil preparation was written by Wang, Weijun;Yang, Bo;Huang, Fenghong;Zheng, Chang;Li, Wenlin;Liu, Tieliang;Liu, Changsheng. And the article was included in LWT–Food Science and Technology in 2022.Name: Glyceryl monostearate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

A new method for rapeseed oil preparation named synchronous pressing and refining after solid-phase preadsorption technol. was investigated. Rapeseed and adsorbents were first mixed evenly to form premixes, and the product oils were then obtained by direct pressing and filtering. The phospholipid content, acid value, a* value, chlorophyll, carotene, polyphenol contents of crude oil increased, while L* and b* values decreased with increasing squeezing chamber temperature A moderate adsorbent dosage and temperature could improve the refining effects. Silicon dioxide had the highest dephosphorization and deacidification rates of 95% and 42%, resp., when the dosage was 30 g/kg at 130 °C. Activated clay decreased the chlorophyll and carotene contents by 75% and 38%, resp. Sucrose fatty acid ester had dephosphorization and deacidification rates of 67s% and 41%, resp. Ascorbic palmitate had a dephosphorization rate of 74% and retained polyphenols intactly. This technol. would not affect the oil yield and could decrease the peroxide value of rapeseed oil. It realized the simultaneous completion of pressing and refining with the advantages of a short preparation time and environmental sustainability. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1Name: Glyceryl monostearate).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Name: Glyceryl monostearate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Structural Modification of O/W Bigels by Glycerol Monostearate for Improved Co-Delivery of Curcumin and Epigallocatechin Gallate was written by Lu, Yao;Zhong, Yuan;Guo, Xinlu;Zhang, Jie;Gao, Yanxiang;Mao, Like. And the article was included in ACS Food Science & Technology in 2022.Safety of Glyceryl monostearate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Bigels of oleogel-in-hydrogel structures were developed as carriers for curcumin and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and the roles of oleogelator (glycerol monostearate, GMS) content on the structures and delivery functionality were elucidated. The results indicated that hardness and viscosity of the bigels were gradually enhanced with the increase in GMS content. In the meantime, oil holding capacity of the bigels was improved, while water holding capacity remained unchanged. XRD anal. and CLSM observation revealed that higher GMS content contributed to higher crystallinity and more compact gel systems. When curcumin and EGCG were incorporated within bigels, their release could also be modulated by the gel structures. Curcumin was slowly released in gastric digestion and rapidly released in intestinal juices. Higher content of GMS led to a much lower release rate of curcumin. EGCG was quickly released in the gastric juice, and the release rate was almost constant afterward. GMS content had little effect on the release of EGCG. The information obtained proved that bigels could codeliver functional ingredients of different polarities, whose release could be modulated by gel structures. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1Safety of Glyceryl monostearate).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Safety of Glyceryl monostearate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics