Category: 31566-31-1

Loading Pistacia atlantica essential oil in solid lipid nanoparticles and its effect on apoptosis of breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 was written by Dousti, Mojde;Sari, Soyar;Saffari, Mostafa;Kelidari, Hamidreza;Asare-Addo, Kofi;Nokhodchi, Ali. And the article was included in Pharmaceutical Development and Technology in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 31566-31-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Pistacia atlantica has an anti-cancer effect due to its essential oil which is the major constituent of P. atlantica. Unfortunately, this essential oil evaporates easily and makes it less effective. The current research, therefore, aimed to improve the anti-cancer effect of P. atlantica essential oil (PAEO) in solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN). The chem. components of PAEO were assessed by gas chromatog. PAEO-SLNs were prepared by the probe-ultrasonication method, and their particle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential were determined Encapsulation Efficiency (EE%) and Loading Capacity (LC%) of formulations was also calculated Transmission electron microscopy was employed to determine the morphol. of optimal formulation (PAEO-SLN4). Furthermore, the anticancer effects of PAEO-SLN4 against MDA-MB-231 cells were evaluated by cellular assays. The results showed that the type of surfactant and loading of the essential oil had a significant effect on size distribution, zeta potential and the polydispersity index. The encapsulation efficiency (EE%) and loading capacity for PAEO-SLN4 were 97.3% and 9.6%, resp. The cellular assay demonstrates that PAEO-SLN4 could lead MDA-MB-231 cells to apoptosis. The findings also revealed that PAEO-SLN4 can stimulate apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells more than the placebo and free PAEO thereby indicating PAEO-SLN4 to be beneficial in breast cancer treatment. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1HPLC of Formula: 31566-31-1).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. HPLC of Formula: 31566-31-1

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Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Formulation and Evaluation of Nano Lipid Carrier-Based Ocular Gel System: Optimization to Antibacterial Activity was written by Gilani, Sadaf Jamal;Jumah, May Nasser bin;Zafar, Ameeduzzafar;Imam, Syed Sarim;Yasir, Mohd;Khalid, Mohammad;Alshehri, Sultan;Ghuneim, Mohammed M.;Albohairy, Fatima M.. And the article was included in Gels in 2022.Category: esters-buliding-blocks The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The present research work was designed to prepare Azithromycin (AM)-loaded nano lipid carriers (NLs) for ocular delivery. NLs were prepared by the emulsification-homogenization method and further optimized by the Box Behnken design. AM-NLs were optimized using the independent constraints of homogenization speed (A), surfactant concentration (B), and lipid concentration (C) to obtain optimal NLs (AM-NLop). The selected AM-NLop was further converted into a sol-gel system using a mucoadhesive polymer blend of sodium alginate and hydroxyl Pr Me cellulose (AM-NLopIG). The sol-gel system was further characterized for drug release, permeation, hydration, irritation, histopathol., and antibacterial activity. The prepared NLs showed nano-metric size particles (154.7 ± 7.3 to 352.2 ± 15.8 nm) with high encapsulation efficiency (48.8 ± 1.1 to 80.9 ± 2.9%). AM-NLopIG showed a more prolonged drug release (98.6 ± 4.6% in 24 h) than the eye drop (99.4 ± 5.3% in 3 h). The ex vivo permeation result depicted AM-NLopIG, AM-IG, and eye drop. AM-NLopIG exhibited significant higher AM permeation (60.7 ± 4.1%) than AM-IG (33.46 ± 3.04%) and eye drop (23.3 ± 3.7%). The corneal hydration was found to be 76.45%, which is within the standard limit. The histopathol. and HET-CAM results revealed that the prepared formulation is safe for ocular use. The antibacterial study revealed enhanced activity from the AM-NLopIG. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1Category: esters-buliding-blocks).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Intranasal repaglinide-solid lipid nanoparticles integrated in situ gel outperform conventional oral route in hypoglycemic activity was written by Elkarray, Soha M.;Farid, Ragwa M.;Abd-Alhaseeb, Mohammad M.;Omran, Gamal A.;Habib, Doaa A.. And the article was included in Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology in 2022.Recommanded Product: Glyceryl monostearate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Repaglinide (REP) loaded solid-lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) for intranasal administration is the subject of the current work aiming enhancement of diabetes pharmacotherapy. SLNs were prepared by applying 32 factorial-design using the hot-melt emulsion technique. Surfactant and lipid types were selected as the independent variables. The optimized formula composed of glyceryl monostearate and Poloxamer 188 was further integrated into gellan gum (GG 0.5%w/v) in situ gel for ease of administration. The optimized SLNs integrated into situ gel (SLNF1.ISG0.5) showed small particle size (96.34nm), high EE (80.57%), and outstanding sustained release of only 83.3% after 30h. ISG formula showed pseudo-plastic behavior, mucoadhesive property, and phys. stablility. TEM showed spherical nanoparticles associated with the hydrogel matrix. In vivo pharmacodynamic study results in diabetic rats’ proved to be safe and succeeded to show superior hypoglycemic-activity for REP after nasal administration vs. oral route manifested by higher 1.2-fold % maximum reduction, the 2.5-fold total decrease in blood glucose level with a significantly longer duration of action > 48h. Conclusively, the developed intranasal drug-loaded-SLNs integrated in-situ gel formula succeeded to achieve the maximum therapeutic outcome of repaglinide in dose reduction frequency for diabetes mellites treatment. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1Recommanded Product: Glyceryl monostearate).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Recommanded Product: Glyceryl monostearate

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Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Design expert assisted formulation, characterization and optimization of microemulsion based solid lipid nanoparticles of repaglinide was written by Maddiboyina, Balaji;Jhawat, Vikas;Nakkala, Ramya Krishna;Desu, Prasanna Kumar;Gandhi, Sivaraman. And the article was included in Progress in Biomaterials in 2021.Safety of Glyceryl monostearate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Repaglinide, a member of the meglitinide class of drugs, is a new anti-diabetic agent that is utilized as an oral hypoglycemic agent. Using glyceryl monostearate, cetyl palmitate, and tristearin as lipids and poloxamer 188 as a surfactant, repaglinide-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles were created. Solid lipid nanoparticles were prepared utilizing an o/w microemulsion technique, which included the lipids glyceryl monostearate and tristearin, as well as waxes such as cetyl palmitate and the surfactant poloxamer 188. The mean particle size of the solid lipid nanoparticles formed was around 339 nm, with an entrapment efficiency of 82.20%. In-vitro release studies continued to be conducted using the dialysis bag diffusion technique. Within 12 h, the cumulative drug release was 88.4%. The results indicate that repaglinide was released more slowly from solid lipid nanoparticles made from tristearin and glyceryl monostearate in an equal ratio. Tristearin found the controlled release and extreme entrapment from other lipid carriers like glyceryl monostearate and cetyl palmitate. Differential scanning calorimetry demonstrates that repaglinide is entangled in amorphous or mol. state within solid lipid nanoparticles. SEM microscopy revealed that the produced repaglinide solid lipid nanoparticles had a spherical shape. After one month of storage at 2-8°C, short-term stability testing revealed no significant alteration. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1Safety of Glyceryl monostearate).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Safety of Glyceryl monostearate

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Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Transdermal Delivery of Curcumin-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles as Microneedle Patch: an In Vitro and In Vivo Study was written by Prabhu, Ankitha;Jose, Jobin;Kumar, Lalit;Salwa, S.;Vijay Kumar, M.;Nabavi, Seyed Mohammad. And the article was included in AAPS PharmSciTech in 2022.Recommanded Product: Glyceryl monostearate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Curcumin is well known for its neuroprotective effect, and also able to alleviate Parkinsonian features. Clin. application of curcumin is limited due to its low bioavailability. Hence, we hypothesized that the microneedles (MN) containing drug-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) may be able to improve its bioavailability and efficacy. The SLNs were prepared with microemulsion technique using glyceryl monostearate as a lipid and tween 80 as a stabilizer. The particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency of prepared SLNs were determined The optimized formulation was incorporated into microneedle arrays using micromolding technique and fabricated microneedle patch were characterized by Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, SEM, optical microscopy, ex vivo permeation studies, histol. studies, and fluorescent microscopy. The fabricated microneedle patch was also evaluated for neuroprotective activity and skin irritation potential. Fourier transform IR spectroscopy studies of SLNs and microneedles confirmed the chem. compatibility of excipients with curcumin. The developed microneedles were also found to be non-irritant with decreased degree of bradykinesia, high motor coordination, and balance ability. The study provided a theor. basis for the use of novel microneedle containing curcumin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles as a useful tool for the treatment of Parkinson′s disease. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1Recommanded Product: Glyceryl monostearate).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Recommanded Product: Glyceryl monostearate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Peppermint essential oil-loaded solid lipid nanoparticle in gelatin coating: Characterization and antibacterial activity against foodborne pathogen inoculated on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fillet during refrigerated storage was written by Laein, Sara Safaeian;Khanzadi, Saeid;Hashemi, Mohammad;Gheybi, Fatemeh;Azizzadeh, Mohammad. And the article was included in Journal of Food Science in 2022.Formula: C21H44O5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The present study was conducted to determine the characterization and antibacterial activity of peppermint essential oil-loaded solid lipid nanoparticle (PEO-SLN) and its impact on the quality of trout fillet stored at 4 ± 1°C for 12 days. The SLNs were prepared through a bath sonication technique. PEO-SLNs contained 0.2% (w/v) PEO in 2% of lipid phase glycerol monostearate (GMS) and tween 80 (1% w/v) used as a surfactant in the aqueous phase. The characterization parameter of PEO-SLN was evaluated, and the antibacterial activity of PEO-SLNs was conducted under in vitro conditions. Trout samples were analyzed for inoculated Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli O157:H7 during refrigerated storage. The mean particle size of PEO-SLNs was 154.83 ± 1.21 nm with a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.35 ± 0.01 and zeta potential was about -24.16 ± 0.51 mV. The results indicated that PEO-SLN had higher antibacterial activity than the free form of PEO and also when used in combination with gelatin coating (gel + PEO-SLN) had a significant effect on preventing microbial growth in trout fillets (p < 0.05). The most decreasing rate of P. aeruginosa (1.92 log CFU/g), E. coli O157:H7 (0.71 log CFU/g), and L. monocytogenes count (1.69 log CFU/g) was seen in gel + PEO-SLN. These findings illustrated that PEO-SLNs could potentially be utilized in the food industry to increase the shelf life of fish fillets. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1Formula: C21H44O5).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Formula: C21H44O5

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Effects of microplastics derived from polymer-coated fertilizer on maize growth, rhizosphere, and soil properties was written by Lian, Jiapan;Liu, Weitao;Meng, Lingzuo;Wu, Jiani;Zeb, Aurang;Cheng, Liping;Lian, Yuhang;Sun, Hongwen. And the article was included in Journal of Cleaner Production in 2021.Quality Control of Glyceryl monostearate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Agricultural microplastics (MPs) pollution resulting from the widespread and extensive use of polymer-coated fertilizer (PCF) is of great concern. However, little information is currently available concerning the influence of MPs derived from PCF (PCF-MPs) on the crop-soil system. Therefore, we investigated the impacts of PCF-MPs (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1% weight/weight) on the growth of maize cultivars (ZNT 488 & ZTN 182), rhizosphere metabolites, microbial community, and soil properties. The effects of PCF-MPs on plant growth varied with plant cultivars and exposure doses. MPs had no influence on the growth of ZNT 488, but significantly improved the plant performance of ZTN 182 at higher doses. PCF-MPs insignificantly altered the rhizosphere metabolite profile of two maize cultivars. Although soil PAEs contents and the microbial communities were unchanged, the phyla Fibrobacteres and Verrucomicrobia (associated with plant growth-promotion) were increased significantly in ZTN 182. Moreover, PCF-MPs stimulated the soil urease, acid phosphatase and nitrate reductase activities, especially the phytase activity in ZTN 182. Besides, significant alterations in soil properties were also discovered in a cultivar-dependent manner. Overall, our study highlighted that the potential environmental risk assessment of PCF-MPs is still needed, even though PCF-MPs did not show neg. effect on maize growth and rhizosphere metabolic profiles. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1Quality Control of Glyceryl monostearate).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Quality Control of Glyceryl monostearate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Design and Development of Neomycin Sulfate Gel Loaded with Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Buccal Mucosal Wound Healing was written by Hosny, Khaled M.;Naveen, N. Raghavendra;Kurakula, Mallesh;Sindi, Amal M.;Sabei, Fahad Y.;Fatease, Adel Al;Jali, Abdulmajeed M.;Alharbi, Waleed S.;Mushtaq, Rayan Y.;Felemban, Majed;Tayeb, Hossam H.;Alfayez, Eman;Rizg, Waleed Y.. And the article was included in Gels in 2022.Synthetic Route of C21H44O5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Drug administration to the wound site is a potential method for wound healing. The drug retention duration should be extended, and drug permeability through the buccal mucosal layer should be regulated. Oral wounds can be caused by inflammation, ulcers, trauma, or pathol. lesions; if these wounds are not treated properly, they can lead to pain, infection, and subsequent undesirable scarring. This study aimed to develop Kolliphor-407 P-based gel containing neomycin sulfate (NES) loaded in solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and enhance the antimicrobial activity. By considering lipid concentrations and achieving the lowest particle size (Y1) and maximum entrapment (EE-Y2) effectiveness, the formulation of NES-SLN was optimized using the Box-Behnken design. For the selected responses, 17 runs were formulated (as anticipated by the Design-Expert software) and evaluated accordingly. The optimized formulation could achieve a particle size of 196.25 and EE of 89.27% and was further utilized to prepare the gel formulation. The NES-SLN-G formula was discovered to have a smooth, homogeneous structure and good mech. and rheol. properties. After 24 h of treatment, NES-SLN-G showed a regulated in vitro drug release pattern, excellent ex vivo permeability, and increased in vitro antibacterial activity. These findings indicate the potential application of NES-SLN-loaded gels as a promising formulation for buccal mucosal wound healing. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1Synthetic Route of C21H44O5).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Synthetic Route of C21H44O5

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Starch-based antifungal edible coatings to control sour rot caused by Geotrichum citri-aurantii and maintain postharvest quality of ‘Fino’ lemon was written by Soto-Munoz, Lourdes;Martinez-Blay, Victoria;Perez-Gago, Maria B.;Fernandez-Catalan, Asuncion;Argente-Sanchis, Maricruz;Palou, Lluis. And the article was included in Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture in 2022.SDS of cas: 31566-31-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Two edible coating (EC) emulsions based on potato starch (F6 and F10) alone or formulated with sodium benzoate (SB, 2% weight/weight) (F6/SB and F10/SB) were evaluated to maintain postharvest quality of cold-stored ‘Fino’ lemons and control sour rot on lemons artificially inoculated with Geotrichum citri-aurantii. Previous research showed the potential of these ECs to improve the storability of ‘Orri’ mandarins and reduce citrus green and blue molds caused by Penicillum digitatum and Penicillium italicum, resp. The coatings F6/SB and F10/SB significantly reduced sour rot incidence and severity compared to uncoated control samples on lemons incubated at 28°C for 4 and 7 days. The F6/SB coating reduced weight loss and gas exchange compared to uncoated fruit after 2 and 4 wk of storage at 12°C plus a shelf life of 1 wk at 20°C, without adversely affecting the lemon physicochem. quality. Overall, the F6/SB coating formulation, composed of pregelatinized potato starch, glyceryl monostearate, glycerol, emulsifiers and SB, with a total solid content of 5.5%, showed the best results in reducing citrus sour rot and maintaining the postharvest quality of cold-stored ‘Fino’ lemons. Therefore, it showed potential as a new cost-effective postharvest treatment suitable to be included in integrated disease management programs for citrus international markets with zero tolerance to chem. residues. 2021 Society of Chem. Industry. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1SDS of cas: 31566-31-1).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. SDS of cas: 31566-31-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

A review on formulation and evaluation of moisturizer cream using sunflower wax was written by Tripathi, Kandarp Kumar;Maury, Shashikant. And the article was included in World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences in 2022.Category: esters-buliding-blocks The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The main objective of the present investigation was to design, prepare and evaluate moisturizing cream using sunflower wax. In the present work 32 full factorial design was applied to study the effect of varying concentration of independent variables stearic acid (X1) and sunflower wax (X2) on dependent variables viscosity and spreadability. All of the prepared formulations of moisturizing cream were evaluated for its physicochem. parameters. Further, the optimized formulation and selected com. moisturizer compared and evaluated for its physicochem. parameters like pH, particle size, spreadability, viscosity and in vitro occlusivity test. Nine different formulations of the moisturizing cream were prepared and all the findings obtained were within the prescribed limit. When compared to the prototype formulation of cream, the formulation MF5 showed good viscosity, in vitro occlusivity and spreadability. From the nine different formulations, MF5 containing 2% stearic acid and 2% sunflower was chosen as the optimized formula. Optimization was done on the basis of in vitro occlusivity studies and physicochem. parameters. The results obtained in this research work clearly showed a promising potential of moisturizing cream containing a specific ratio of stearic acid and sunflower wax as emulsifiers. Thus it can be concluded that sunflower wax is incorporated in the moisturizing cream, to avail of its cosmetic benefits. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1Category: esters-buliding-blocks).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics