Category: 1014645-87-4

Each compound has different characteristics, and only by selecting the characteristics of the compound suitable for a specific situation can the compound be applied on a large scale. 1014645-87-4, name is Methyl 4-(1-aminocyclopropyl)benzoate hydrochloride, This compound has unique chemical properties. The synthetic route is as follows., Formula: C11H14ClNO2

Description 169: methyl 4-(1-(5-chloro-2-(3-((2,4- difluorophenyl)amino)azetidin-1-yl)nicotinamido)cyclopropyl)benzoate (D169)A mixture of 5-chloro-2-(3-((2,4-difluorophenyl)amino)azetidin-1 -yl)nicotinic acid (D1 18) (40 mg, 0.1 18 mmol), 1 -Hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate (18 mg, 0.1 18 mmol) and 1 -Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (34 mg, 0.177 mmol) in dimethylformamide (5ml) was stirred 10 min at room temperature. A solution of methyl 4-(1 -aminocyclopropyl)benzoate hydrochloride (D7) (32.2 mg, 0.141 mmol) and triethylamine (0.02ml, 0.141 mmol) in dry dimethylformamide (2ml) was added and the mixture was stirred 24h at room temperature. After solvent evaporation, water (10ml) was added and the formed precipitate was filtered off and purified by Biotage SNAP-Si (1 Og) cartridge eluting with a mixture dichloromethane/methanol from 100/0 to 80/20. Collected fractions, after solvent evaporation afforded the title compound (D169) (105 mg).MS: (ES/+) m/z: 513.2 [MH+] C26H23CIF2N403 requires 512.141 H NMR (400MHz ,DMSO-d6) delta = 9.23 (s, 1 H), 8.21 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1 H), 7.91 – 7.80 (m, J = 8.3 Hz, 2 H), 7.74 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1 H), 7.40 – 7.29 (m, J = 8.3 Hz, 2 H), 7.18 – 7.06 (m, 1 H), 6.85 (t, J = 8.6 Hz, 1 H), 6.48 (d, J = 5.4 Hz, 1 H), 6.03 (br. s., 1 H), 4.22 (d, J = 3.9 Hz, 3 H), 3.86 (s, 3 H), 3.76 (d, J = 4.9 Hz, 2 H), 1 .34 (d, J = 9.3 Hz, 4 H)

According to the analysis of related databases, 1014645-87-4, the application of this compound in the production field has become more and more popular.

Reference:
Patent; ROTTAPHARM S.P.A.; BORRIELLO, Manuela; ROVATI, Lucio; STASI, Luigi Piero; BUZZI, Benedetta; COLACE, Fabrizio; WO2012/76063; (2012); A1;,
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Related Products of 1014645-87-4, As we all know, there are many different methods for the synthesis of a compound, and people can choose the synthesis method that suits their own laboratory according to the actual situation. 1014645-87-4 name is Methyl 4-(1-aminocyclopropyl)benzoate hydrochloride, This compound is widely used in many fields, so it is necessary to find a new synthetic route. The downstream synthesis method of this compound is introduced below.

To a solution of 2,5-dichloronicotinic acid (1.84 g, 7.06 mmol) in dry dimethylformamide (15 ml) 1-Hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate (1.08 g, 7.06 mmol) and 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (2.03 g, 10.58 mmol), a solution of methyl 4-(1-aminocyclopropyl)benzoate hydrochloride (D7) (1.67 g, 7.06 mmol) and triethylamine (0.98 ml, 7.06 mmol) in dry dimethylformamide (15 ml) was added and the resulting mixture was stirred 1 h at room temperature. NH4Cl saturated solution (50 ml) was added the mixture was extracted with ethylacetate (3×50 ml). Collected organics, after solvent evaporation, was purified by Biotage column SNAP-Si (50g) eluting with a mixture dichloromethane/ethylacetate from 100/0 to 95:5. Collected organics after solvent evaporation afforded the title compound (D97) (1.03 mg)

At the same time, in my other blogs, there are other synthetic methods of this type of compound, Methyl 4-(1-aminocyclopropyl)benzoate hydrochloride, and friends who are interested can also refer to it.

Reference:
Patent; Borriello, Manuela; Rovati, Lucio; Stasi, Luigi Piero; Buzzi, Benedetta; Colace, Fabrizio; US2013/261100; (2013); A1;,
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Electric Literature of 1014645-87-4,Some common heterocyclic compound, 1014645-87-4, name is Methyl 4-(1-aminocyclopropyl)benzoate hydrochloride, molecular formula is C11H14ClNO2, traditional synthetic route has been very mature, but the traditional synthetic route has various shortcomings, such as complicated route, low yield, poor purity, etc, below Introduce a new synthetic route.

General procedure: To a solution of selected acid (1 eq) in DMF, HCTU (1.1 eq) and DIPEA (2.5 eq) were added in sequence and the resulting mixture was stirred 30 min before adding the selected amine (1.1 eq). The mixture was left stirring at RT for 1-18 hrs then the reaction mixture was partitioned between EtOAc and H2O and the organic phase was separated. The aqueous phase was washed with EtOAc. All the collected organic phases were washed with NaCl sat. sol., dried over Na2SO4 and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The residue was purified on SPE-Si cartridge or Biotage SNAP-Si column eluting with a mixture of DCM/EtOAc from 100:0 to 95:5 affording the title amide compound. The title compound (D58) (250 mg) was prepared according to the general procedure for amides preparation (Method C) starting from 1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-4,4-dimethylpiperidine-2-carboxylic acid (320 mg; described in J. Med. Chem. 1997, 40, 2491-2501) and methyl 4-(1-aminocyclopropyl)benzoate hydrochloride (312 mg). Reaction time: 18 hrsMS: (ES/+) m/z: 431.4 [MH+] C24H34N2O5 requires 430.251H NMR (400 MHz, CHCl3-d) delta (ppm): 7.96 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 2H), 7.32-7.29 (m, 2H), 6.82-6.59 (m, 1H), 4.65 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 4.02 (br. s., 1H), 3.92 (s, 3H), 3.00 (d, J=10.6 Hz, 1H), 2.18 (d, J=12.9 Hz, 1H), 1.50 (s, 9H), 1.43-1.29 (m, 7H), 0.96 (s, 3H), 0.84 (s, 3H).

These compound has a wide range of applications. It is believed that with the continuous development of the source of the synthetic route Methyl 4-(1-aminocyclopropyl)benzoate hydrochloride, its application will become more common.

Reference:
Patent; Borriello, Manuela; Pucci, Sabrina; Stasi, Luigi Piero; Rovati, Lucio; US2015/87626; (2015); A1;,
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Electric Literature of 1014645-87-4, These common heterocyclic compound, 1014645-87-4, name is Methyl 4-(1-aminocyclopropyl)benzoate hydrochloride, its traditional synthetic route has been very mature, but the traditional synthetic route has various shortcomings, such as complicated route, low yield, poor purity, etc, below Introduce a new synthetic route.

Description 156: methyl 4-(1-(5-chloro-2-(3-(3-(piperazin-1- yl)phenoxy)azetidin-1 -yl)nico inamido)cyclopropyl)benzoate (D156)A suspension of 2-(3-(3-(4-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)piperazin-1 -yl)phenoxy)azetidin-1 – yl)-5-chloronicotinic acid (D1 10) (150 mg, 0.306 mmol), 1 -Hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate (47 mg, 0.306 mmol) and 1 -Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (88 mg, 0.46 mmol) in dimethylformamide (2ml) was stirred 40 min at room temperature. A solution of methyl 4-(1 -aminocyclopropyl)benzoate (D7) (68.9 mg, 0.306 mmol) and triethylamine (0.042ml, 0.306 mmol) in dimethylformamide (2ml) was added and the resulting mixture was stirred 40 min at room temperature. Water (2ml) was added and the resulting precipitate was collected by filtration and purified by Biotage column (1 Og) eluting with a mixture dichloromethane/ethylacetate from 100 /0 to 80/20. Collected fractions, after solvent evaporation, afforded tert-butyl 4-(3-((1 -(5-chloro-3-((1 -(4- (methoxycarbonyl)phenyl)cyclopropyl)carbamoyl)pyridin-2-yl)azetidin-3- yl)oxy)phenyl)piperazine-1 -carboxylate (135 mg)MS: (ES/+) m/z: 662.5 [MH+] C35H40CIN5O6 requires 661 .271 H NMR (400MHz ,DMSO-d6) delta = 9.25 (s, 1 H), 8.23 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1 H), 7.85 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 2 H), 7.79 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1 H), 7.33 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 2 H), 7.13 (t, J = 8.3 Hz, 1 H), 6.59 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1 H), 6.38 (s, 1 H), 6.20 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1 H), 5.04 (br. s., 1 H), 4.32 (dd, J = 6.4, 9.8 Hz, 2 H), 3.86 (s, 3 H), 3.80 (dd, J = 3.7, 10.0 Hz, 2 H), 3.43 (d, J = 4.9 Hz, 4 H), 3.14 – 3.04 (m, 4 H), 1 .42 (s, 9 H), 1 .33 (d, J = 2.9 Hz, 4 H)

Statistics shows that Methyl 4-(1-aminocyclopropyl)benzoate hydrochloride is playing an increasingly important role. we look forward to future research findings about 1014645-87-4.

Reference:
Patent; ROTTAPHARM S.P.A.; BORRIELLO, Manuela; ROVATI, Lucio; STASI, Luigi Piero; BUZZI, Benedetta; COLACE, Fabrizio; WO2012/76063; (2012); A1;,
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

In the next few decades, the world population will flourish. As the population grows rapidly and people all over the world use more and more resources, all industries must consider their environmental impact. 1014645-87-4, name is Methyl 4-(1-aminocyclopropyl)benzoate hydrochloride belongs to esters-buliding-blocks compound, it is a common compound, a new synthetic route is introduced below. COA of Formula: C11H14ClNO2

To a solution of (3R)-2-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-2-azabicyclo[3.1 .0]hexane-3- carboxylic acid (syn-anti diastereoisomer mixture 10/2) (D27) (3.06 g, 13.5 mmol) in dry DMF (15 ml) under N2 atmosphere HOBT.H20 (2.06 g, 13.46 mmol), EDC.HCI (3.87 g, 20.20 mmol), methyl 4-(1 -aminocyclopropyl)benzoate hydrochloride (3.06 g, 13.46 mmol) and TEA (4.7 ml, 33.7 mmol) were added in sequence. The mixture was stirred for 2 hrs at RT, then the solvent was evaporated in vacuo and the residue taken up in AcOEt (500ml), washed twice with water (50 ml), dried over Na2SO4 and evaporated to afford a residue which was loaded on a SNAP-Si cartridge (100g) and eluted with a mixture DCM/AcOEt from 10/0 to 9/1 . Collected fractions after solvent evaporation afforded the two diastereoisomer (D73a) (2.55 g) and (D73b) (880 mg). (D73a) (syn diastereoisomer) MS: (ES/+) m/z: 401 .4 [MH+] C22H28N2O5 requires 400.20 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) delta (ppm): 8.70 (s, 1 H), 7.90 – 7.76 (m, 2 H), 7.34 – 7.19 (m, 2 H), 4.52 – 4.35 (m, 1 H), 3.84 (s, 3 H), 3.43 – 3.32 (m, 1 H), 2.67 -2.39 (m, 1 H), 1 .88 – 1 .74 (m, 1 H), 1 .52 – 1 .33 (m, 10 H), 1 .27 – 1 .12 (m, 4 H), 1 .09 – 0.92 (m, 1 H), 0.66 – 0.53 (m, 1 H). (D73b) (anti diastereoisomer) MS: (ES/+) m/z: 401 .4 [MH+] C22H28N2O5 requires 400.20 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) delta (ppm): 8.69 – 8.52 (s, 1 H), 7.90 – 7.73 (m, 2 H), 7.35 – 7.19 (m, 2 H), 3.93 – 3.75 (m, 4 H), 3.36 – 3.30 (m, 1 H), 2.35 – 2.19 (m, 1 H), 2.12 – 2.02 (m, 1 H), 1 .90 – 1 .74 (m, 1 H), 1 .47 – 1 .30 (m, 9 H), 1 .25 – 1 .07 (m, 4 H), 0.73 (td, J = 5.4, 8.8 Hz, 1 H), 0.39 (br. s., 1 H).

The synthetic route of 1014645-87-4 has been constantly updated, and we look forward to future research findings.

Reference:
Patent; ROTTAPHARM S.P.A.; BORRIELLO, Manuela; PUCCI, Sabrina; STASI, Luigi, Piero; ROVATI, Lucio; WO2013/4290; (2013); A1;,
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Adding a certain compound to certain chemical reactions, such as: 1014645-87-4, name is Methyl 4-(1-aminocyclopropyl)benzoate hydrochloride, belongs to esters-buliding-blocks compound, can increase the reaction rate and produce products with better performance than those obtained under traditional synthetic methods. Here is a downstream synthesis route of the compound 1014645-87-4, Recommanded Product: Methyl 4-(1-aminocyclopropyl)benzoate hydrochloride

To a solution of 26 g (95.4 mmol) of 4-(trifluoromethyl) benzyl)-D-proline and N- hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate (17.6 g, 114 mmol) dissolved in 600 ml of DCM, 80 ml of TEA (570 mmol) and 20 g (105 mmol) of EDCI were added under nitrogen stream. The reaction mixture was left under stirring for about 6 hours, then 24 g (105 mmol) of methyl-4-(1 -aminocyclopropyl) benzoate hydrochloride were added and then left to react always under stirring for a further 24 hours at room temperature. When the reaction was complete, water (500 ml_) was added and the two phases stirred for about 10 minutes. The organic phase was separated from the aqueous phase and washed sequentially with a saturated solution of NaHC03 (400 ml), and finally with 400 ml_ of water. The organic phase was dried with Na2S04 and concentrated to obtain a solid cream colour. This solid was suspended in 1 liter of methyl-terbutyl-ether, heated to boiling, filtered hot and the clear solution thus obtained was concentrated under vacuum to dryness to obtain a white solid which was then dried at 50C for 24 hours to obtain the desired compound (32.5 g; yield: 75%). (Intermediate P3). MS: (ES/+) m/z: 447 1H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) d ppm 7.80 – 8.01 (3 H, m), 7.62 (2 H, d), 7.41 (2 H, d), 7.12 -7.24 (2 H, m), 3.86 (4 H, s), 3.66 (1H, d), 3.27 (1H, dd), 3.07 – 3.18 (1H, m), 2.46 (1H, td), 2.21 – 2.38(1H, m), 1.70 – 2.03 (3 H, m), 1.05 – 1.44 (4 H, m).

In the field of chemistry, the synthetic routes of compounds are constantly being developed and updated. I will also mention this compound in other articles, Methyl 4-(1-aminocyclopropyl)benzoate hydrochloride, other downstream synthetic routes, hurry up and to see.

Reference:
Patent; ROTTAPHARM BIOTECH S.R.L.; PUCCI, Sabrina; ROVATI, Lucio Claudio; (0 pag.)WO2020/12305; (2020); A1;,
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Each compound has different characteristics, and only by selecting the characteristics of the compound suitable for a specific situation can the compound be applied on a large scale. 1014645-87-4, name is Methyl 4-(1-aminocyclopropyl)benzoate hydrochloride, This compound has unique chemical properties. The synthetic route is as follows., HPLC of Formula: C11H14ClNO2

Description 169: methyl 4-(1-(5-chloro-2-(3-((2,4- difluorophenyl)amino)azetidin-1-yl)nicotinamido)cyclopropyl)benzoate (D169)A mixture of 5-chloro-2-(3-((2,4-difluorophenyl)amino)azetidin-1 -yl)nicotinic acid (D1 18) (40 mg, 0.1 18 mmol), 1 -Hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate (18 mg, 0.1 18 mmol) and 1 -Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (34 mg, 0.177 mmol) in dimethylformamide (5ml) was stirred 10 min at room temperature. A solution of methyl 4-(1 -aminocyclopropyl)benzoate hydrochloride (D7) (32.2 mg, 0.141 mmol) and triethylamine (0.02ml, 0.141 mmol) in dry dimethylformamide (2ml) was added and the mixture was stirred 24h at room temperature. After solvent evaporation, water (10ml) was added and the formed precipitate was filtered off and purified by Biotage SNAP-Si (1 Og) cartridge eluting with a mixture dichloromethane/methanol from 100/0 to 80/20. Collected fractions, after solvent evaporation afforded the title compound (D169) (105 mg).MS: (ES/+) m/z: 513.2 [MH+] C26H23CIF2N403 requires 512.141 H NMR (400MHz ,DMSO-d6) delta = 9.23 (s, 1 H), 8.21 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1 H), 7.91 – 7.80 (m, J = 8.3 Hz, 2 H), 7.74 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1 H), 7.40 – 7.29 (m, J = 8.3 Hz, 2 H), 7.18 – 7.06 (m, 1 H), 6.85 (t, J = 8.6 Hz, 1 H), 6.48 (d, J = 5.4 Hz, 1 H), 6.03 (br. s., 1 H), 4.22 (d, J = 3.9 Hz, 3 H), 3.86 (s, 3 H), 3.76 (d, J = 4.9 Hz, 2 H), 1 .34 (d, J = 9.3 Hz, 4 H)

According to the analysis of related databases, 1014645-87-4, the application of this compound in the production field has become more and more popular.

Reference:
Patent; ROTTAPHARM S.P.A.; BORRIELLO, Manuela; ROVATI, Lucio; STASI, Luigi Piero; BUZZI, Benedetta; COLACE, Fabrizio; WO2012/76063; (2012); A1;,
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Researchers who often do experiments know that organic synthesis is a process of preparing more complex target molecules from simple raw materials through one or more chemical reactions. Generally, it requires fewer steps, and cheap raw materials. 1014645-87-4, name is Methyl 4-(1-aminocyclopropyl)benzoate hydrochloride, A new synthetic method of this compound is introduced below., Quality Control of Methyl 4-(1-aminocyclopropyl)benzoate hydrochloride

Description 142: methyl 4-(1-(5-chloro-2-(2-phenylpyrrolidin-1- yl)nicotinamido)cyclopropyl)benzoate (D142)A solution of 5-chloro-2-(2-phenylpyrrolidin-1 -yl)nicotinic acid (D98) (150 mg, 0.5 mmol), methyl 4-(1 -aminocyclopropyl)benzoate hydrochloride (D7) (1 14 mg, 0.5 mmol) and N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (194 mg, 1 .5 mmol) in dimethylformamide (10ml) was stirred 1 h at room temperature, then benzotriazol-1 -yl- oxytripyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate (PyBOP) (312 mg, 0.6 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight, then poured into ice-water (20ml) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2x20ml). The organic solution was washed with brine (40ml), dried over Na2S04 and concentrated to obtain a residue which was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel eluting with a mixture petroleum ether/ethyl acetate (4:1 ). Collected fractions after solvent evaporation afforded the title compound (D142) (189 mg) as a yellow solid.1 H NMR (400MHz ,CHLOROFORM-d) delta (ppm): 8.10 (1 H, d, J = 2.4 Hz) 8.03 – 8.00 (2H, m) 7.74 (1 H, d, J = 2.4 Hz) 7.67 (1 H, s) 7.41 (2H, d, J = 8.0 Hz) 7.28 – 7.18 (5H, m) 5.36 – 5.32 (1 H, m) 3.91 (3H, s) 3.69 – 3.63 (1 H, m) 3.16 – 3.1 1 (1 H, m) 2.43 – 2.37 (1 H, m) 1 .97 – 1 .87 (3H, m) 1 .49 – 1 .39 (4H, m)

The basis of chemical reaction formula synthesis, the synthesis route is composed of some specific reactions and combined according to certain logical thinking. We look forward to the emergence of more reaction modes in the future.

Reference:
Patent; ROTTAPHARM S.P.A.; BORRIELLO, Manuela; ROVATI, Lucio; STASI, Luigi Piero; BUZZI, Benedetta; COLACE, Fabrizio; WO2012/76063; (2012); A1;,
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Reference of 1014645-87-4, The chemical industry reduces the impact on the environment during synthesis 1014645-87-4, name is Methyl 4-(1-aminocyclopropyl)benzoate hydrochloride, I believe this compound will play a more active role in future production and life.

A suspension of 2-(3-(3-(4-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)piperazin-1-yl)phenoxy)azetidin-1-yl)-5-chloronicotinic acid (D110) (150 mg, 0.306 mmol), 1-Hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate (47 mg, 0.306 mmol) and 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (88 mg, 0.46 mmol) in dimethylformamide (2 ml) was stirred 40 min at room temperature. A solution of methyl 4-(1-aminocyclopropyl)benzoate (D7) (68.9 mg, 0.306 mmol) and triethylamine (0.042 ml, 0.306 mmol) in dimethylformamide (2 ml) was added and the resulting mixture was stirred 40 min at room temperature. Water (2 ml) was added and the resulting precipitate was collected by filtration and purified by Biotage column (10g) eluting with a mixture dichloromethane/ethylacetate from 100/0 to 80/20. Collected fractions, after solvent evaporation, afforded tert-butyl 4-(3-((1-(5-chloro-3-((1-(4-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl)cyclopropyl)carbamoyl)pyridin-2-yl)azetidin-3-yl)oxy)phenyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (135 mg)

In the field of chemistry, the synthetic routes of compounds are constantly being developed and updated. I will also mention this compound in other articles, Methyl 4-(1-aminocyclopropyl)benzoate hydrochloride, other downstream synthetic routes, hurry up and to see.

Reference:
Patent; Borriello, Manuela; Rovati, Lucio; Stasi, Luigi Piero; Buzzi, Benedetta; Colace, Fabrizio; US2013/261100; (2013); A1;,
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Related Products of 1014645-87-4, In the next few decades, the world population will flourish. As the population grows rapidly and people all over the world use more and more resources, all industries must consider their environmental impact. 1014645-87-4, name is Methyl 4-(1-aminocyclopropyl)benzoate hydrochloride belongs to esters-buliding-blocks compound, it is a common compound, a new synthetic route is introduced below.

The title compound (D171) (58 mg) was prepared according to the experimental procedure described in Description 169 (reaction time 2 h) starting from 5-chloro-2-(3-((4-fluoro-2-methylphenyl)(methyl)amino)azetidin-1-yl)nicotinic acid (D120) (55 mg, 0.157 mmol) and methyl 4-(1-aminocyclopropyl)benzoate (D7) (35.8 mg, 0.157 mmol).

The synthetic route of Methyl 4-(1-aminocyclopropyl)benzoate hydrochloride has been constantly updated, and we look forward to future research findings.

Reference:
Patent; Borriello, Manuela; Rovati, Lucio; Stasi, Luigi Piero; Buzzi, Benedetta; Colace, Fabrizio; US2013/261100; (2013); A1;,
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics