Month: January 2023

Preparation of Soft Microactuators in a Continuous Flow Synthesis Using a Liquid-Crystalline Polymer Crosslinker was written by Fleischmann, Eva-Kristina;Ohm, Christian;Serra, Christophe;Zentel, Rudolf. And the article was included in Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics in 2012.SDS of cas: 27249-90-7 This article mentions the following:

We present the synthesis of a polymeric liquid crystalline (LC) crosslinker and its usage in the preparation of soft microactuators. The microactuators, composed of thermoresponsive liquid crystalline elastomers (LCE), are fabricated in a microfluidic device in a continuous “on the fly” process. The LC polymer crosslinker is miscible with the LC monomer and provides for a rapid polymerization and crosslinking. Most importantly, it promotes an enantiotropic mesophase of the mobile monomer phase, which is not provided by conventional nonmesogenic crosslinkers. This allows an isothermal handling inside the microfluidic setup. Temperature-driven shape changes up to 65% could be achieved by judiciously optimizing the crosslinking d. of the LCE particles. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Benzyl benzodithioate (cas: 27249-90-7SDS of cas: 27249-90-7).

Benzyl benzodithioate (cas: 27249-90-7) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.SDS of cas: 27249-90-7

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Effects of ultrasonic waves on the generation and reactivities of some metal powders was written by Boudjouk, Philip;Thompson, Dennis P.;Ohrbom, Walter H.;Han, Byung Hee. And the article was included in Organometallics in 1986.Application of 15399-05-0 This article mentions the following:

Ultrasound substantially accelerates the Li reductions of a variety of metal halides to metal powders. Zn powder produced in âˆ?0 min at room temperature with ultrasound demonstrates the reactivity in the Reformatskii reaction which rivals Zn produced in 4 h with K in refluxing THF. Similarly Cu and Ni powders produced in âˆ?0 min with ultrasound promote Ullmann coupling as effectively as Cu and Ni powders produced in >10 h in the presence of stirring. Results regarding the effect of iodide salts in the Ullmann coupling of C₆H₅CH₂Cl are also presented. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate (cas: 15399-05-0Application of 15399-05-0).

Ethyl 2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate (cas: 15399-05-0) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Application of 15399-05-0

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Degradation of PVA wastewater by Cu_xMn_xFe_3-2xO₄/MWCNT catalyst was written by Zhang, Yue;Zhu, Gaofeng;Ge, Mingqiao. And the article was included in Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics in 2021.Synthetic Route of C20H26O4 This article mentions the following:

Cu_xMn_xFe_3-2xO₄/MWCNT nanocomposites were prepared by co-precipitation method. The structure, morphol., and surface properties of the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), Fourier transform IR spectrometer (FTIR), N2 phys. adsorption instrument, and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS). The successful loading of metal oxides on MWCNTs increased the catalytic activity of nanocomposites. In addition, CuxMnxFe3-2xO4/MWCNTs were used as catalyst for the degradation of PVA wastewater by catalytic wet air oxidation Under the degradation conditions, pH was 2.5, catalyst dosage was1.5 g/L, reaction temperature was 275 °C, oxygen pressure was 1.0MP, the PVA degradation rate was 99.94%, the viscosity average mol. weight was decreased by 99.36%, and the degradation products were small mols. such as aldehydes, phenols, and acids, which basically confirmed the degradation of PVA wastewater. The degradation principle and kinetics were analyzed. The catalyst was washed and recovered and can maintain good catalytic capacity after four times of repeated use. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Dicyclohexyl phthalate (cas: 84-61-7Synthetic Route of C20H26O4).

Dicyclohexyl phthalate (cas: 84-61-7) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Synthetic Route of C20H26O4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Cross-Coupling between Difluorocarbene and Carbene-Derived Intermediates Generated from Diazocompounds for the Synthesis of gem-Difluoroolefins was written by Zheng, Jian;Lin, Jin-Hong;Yu, Liu-Ying;Wei, Yun;Zheng, Xing;Xiao, Ji-Chang. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2015.Application In Synthesis of Ethyl 2-fluorophenylacetate This article mentions the following:

Cross-coupling between difluorocarbene and carbene-derived intermediates generated from diazo compounds was developed to give gem-difluoroolefins, which constitutes a fast practical pathway to achieve hindered gem-difluoroolefins. The cross-coupling between difluorocarbene and aryl diazoacetates proceeded smoothly in the presence of a copper source, whereas its coupling with diaryl diazomethanes occurred well under metal-free conditions. A mechanism involving a copper-difluorocarbene complex was proposed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 2-fluorophenylacetate (cas: 584-74-7Application In Synthesis of Ethyl 2-fluorophenylacetate).

Ethyl 2-fluorophenylacetate (cas: 584-74-7) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Application In Synthesis of Ethyl 2-fluorophenylacetate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Exploring the volatile profile of whiskey samples using solid-phase microextraction Arrow and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was written by Ferracane, Antonio;Manousi, Natalia;Tranchida, Peter Q.;Zachariadis, George A.;Mondello, Luigi;Rosenberg, Erwin. And the article was included in Journal of Chromatography A in 2022.Recommanded Product: 105-87-3 This article mentions the following:

We present a novel sample preparation method for the extraction and preconcentration of volatile organic compounds from whiskey samples prior to their determination by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatog. (GC x GC) coupled to mass spectrometry (MS). Sample preparation of the volatile compounds, important for the organoleptic characteristics of different whiskeys and their acceptance and liking by the consumers, is based on the use of the solid-phase microextraction (SPME) Arrow. After optimization, the proposed method was compared with conventional SPME regarding the anal. of different types of whiskey (i.e., Irish whiskey, single malt Scotch whiskey and blended Scotch whiskey) and was shown to exhibit an up to a factor of six higher sensitivity and better repeatability by a factor of up to five, depending on the compound class. A total of 167 volatile organic compounds, including terpenes, alcs., esters, carboxylic acids, ketones, were tentatively-identified using the SPME Arrow technique, while a significantly lower number of compounds (126) were determined by means of conventional SPME. SPME Arrow combined with GC x GC-MS was demonstrated to be a powerful anal. tool for the exploration of the volatile profile of complex samples, allowing to identify differences in important flavor compounds for the three different types of whiskey investigated. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 105-87-3Recommanded Product: 105-87-3).

(E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 105-87-3) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Recommanded Product: 105-87-3

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

1-(2H-Azirine-2-carbonyl)benzotriazoles: building blocks for the synthesis of pyrrole-containing heterocycles was written by Galenko, Ekaterina E.;Shakirova, Firuza M.;Bodunov, Vladimir A.;Novikov, Mikhail S.;Khlebnikov, Alexander F.. And the article was included in Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry in 2020.Synthetic Route of C9H10O3S This article mentions the following:

A one-pot method was developed for the preparation of 2H-azirine-2-carbonylbenzotriazoles I [R¹ = tBu, Ph, 4-FC₆H₄, etc.] synthesized via the reaction of benzotriazole with 2H-azirine-2-carbonyl chlorides, which were generated by the Fe(II)-catalyzed isomerization of 5-chloroisoxazoles. The Co(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2H-azirine-2-carbonylbenzotriazoles with 1,3-diketones afforded 2-((benzotriazol-1-yl)carbonyl)pyrroles II [R² = Me, Ph, 4-MeC₆H₄, 4-MeOC₆H₄; R³ = 2-thienyl, Ph, 4-MeC₆H₄, etc.] in moderate to good yields. Base-promoted annulations of 2-((benzotriazol-1-yl)carbonyl)pyrroles with aldehydes, ketones, isocyanates and isothiocyanates afforded various substituted pyrrolo[1,2-c]oxazole III [R⁴ = Ph, 4-MeOC₆H₄, 4-BrC₆H₄; R⁵ = Me, Ph; R⁶ = H, Me; R⁷ = H, Me; R⁶R⁷ = i-Pr, cyclohexyl, 4-MeC₆H₄, etc.] and 1H-pyrrolo[1,2-c]imidazole derivatives IV [R⁸ = Me, Ph, 4-MeC₆H₄; R⁹ = Me, Ph, Bn, etc.; X = O, S] in moderate to high yields. The 6-acyl group of these adducts could be removed by triflic acid, gave further new pyrrolo-fused O- and N-heterocycles, such as 6-unsubstituted pyrrolo[1,2-c]oxazol-1(3H)-one and 1H-pyrrolo[1,2-c]imidazole-1,3(2H)-dione, while the 6-acetyl substituent of 1H-pyrrolo[1,2-c]imidazole-1,3(2H)-dione, when treated with POCl₃/pyridine, was transformed into the 6-ethynyl substituent. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(thiophen-2-yl)propanoate (cas: 13669-10-8Synthetic Route of C9H10O3S).

Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(thiophen-2-yl)propanoate (cas: 13669-10-8) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Synthetic Route of C9H10O3S

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

New gold(I) complexes with 5-aromatic ring-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione and triphenylphosphine as potential multifunctional materials was written by Zhao, Yu Qiang;Zhou, Jie;He, Renze;Wang, Guang Ke;Miao, Lan Xi;Xie, Xiao Guang;Zhou, Ying. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 2020.Category: esters-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Three new gold(I) complexes (4a, 4b, 4c) with 5-aromatic ring-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione and triphenylphosphine as ligands were synthesized. Structures of 4a and 4b were determined through X-ray single-crystal diffraction, and it displayed that 4a and 4b had the same metal coordination pattern, wherein the ligand was coordinated by the sulfur atom to the central metal ion of gold(I). The optical properties of these gold(I) complexes were studied both in solution and in solid-state. In DMSO, 4a and 4b peaked at 415 nm and 443 nm, resp., and the CIE coordinates of 4a and 4b in the solid-state were in the green area, (0.26, 0.46) and (0.24, 0.41). HOMO/LUMO levels and bandgaps of 4a, 4b and 4c were assessed by UV spectrum estimation, electrochem. method, and theor. calculations The observation hinted that the photophys. properties and energy levels of these gold(I) complexes can be adjusted by the introduction of different substituent aromatic rings at the 5-position of the 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol moiety. The findings of good optical, electrochem. and thermal properties of these new gold (I) complexes demonstrated their potential in the future studies as multifunctional materials. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate (cas: 118-61-6Category: esters-buliding-blocks).

Ethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate (cas: 118-61-6) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Silver-Catalyzed Cascade 1,6-Addition/Cyclization of para-Quinone Methides with Propargyl Malonates: An Approach to Spiro[4.5]deca-6,9-dien-8-ones was written by Yuan, Zhenbo;Liu, Lina;Pan, Rui;Yao, Hequan;Lin, Aijun. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2017.Product Details of 17920-23-9 This article mentions the following:

In the presence of AgNO₃, para-quinone methides such as I {R = Ph, 4-FC₆H₄, 4-ClC₆H₄, 4-BrC₆H₄, 4-MeO₂CC₆H₄, 4-NCC₆H₄, 4-F₃CC₆H₄, 4-MeC₆H₄, 4-MeOC₆H₄, 4-Me₂NC₆H₄, 4-PhC₆H₄, 4-[(E)-PhCH:CH]C₆H₄, 3-BrC₆H₄, 2-BrC₆H₄, 1-naphthyl, 2-thienyl, Me, (E)-PhCH:CH} underwent chemoselective cascade addition and cyclization reactions with propargylmalonates and a propargylsulfonamide mediated by Cs₂CO₃ in DMF to yield spirocyclopentanecyclohexadienedicarboxylates such as II {R = Ph, 4-FC₆H₄, 4-ClC₆H₄, 4-BrC₆H₄, 4-MeO₂CC₆H₄, 4-NCC₆H₄, 4-F₃CC₆H₄, 4-MeC₆H₄, 4-MeOC₆H₄, 4-Me₂NC₆H₄, 4-PhC₆H₄, 4-[(E)-PhCH:CH]C₆H₄, 3-BrC₆H₄, 2-BrC₆H₄, 1-naphthyl, 2-thienyl, Me, (E)-PhCH:CH} and a spirocyclohexadienepyrrolidine. The structure of II (R = Ph) was determined by X-ray crystallog. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyl 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)malonate (cas: 17920-23-9Product Details of 17920-23-9).

Diethyl 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)malonate (cas: 17920-23-9) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Product Details of 17920-23-9

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Bioreductive production of enantiopure (S)-duloxetine intermediates catalyzed with ketoreductase ChKRED15 was written by Ren, Zhi-Qiang;Liu, Yan;Pei, Xiao-Qiong;Wang, Hai-Bo;Wu, Zhong-Liu. And the article was included in Journal of Molecular Catalysis B: Enzymatic in 2015.Recommanded Product: 13669-10-8 This article mentions the following:

The blockbuster antidepressant drug duloxetine contains one stereo-center derived from chiral alc. intermediates. The stereoselective bioreductive production of five of such intermediates could be achieved using the recombinant ketoreductase ChKRED15, yielding the enantiopure (S)-alcs. with >99% ee. Sequence alignment indicated that ChKRED15 lacks the conserved G-rich motif, which was then amended by a single mutation of S12G. The resulting S12G mutant displayed significantly improved catalytic activity and protein stability. When coupled with a cofactor recycling system, the S12G mutant was able to catalyze the complete conversion of Et 3-oxo-3-(thiophen-2-yl)propanoate within 6 h and N-methyl-3-oxo-3-(thiophen-2-yl)propanamide within 24 h at substrate concentrations of 10 and 50 g/l, resp., without the compromise of enantioselectivity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(thiophen-2-yl)propanoate (cas: 13669-10-8Recommanded Product: 13669-10-8).

Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(thiophen-2-yl)propanoate (cas: 13669-10-8) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Recommanded Product: 13669-10-8

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Cascade iodination-fluorination synthesis of 2-fluorothiophene and 5-fluoro-2-thienyliodonium salts was written by Onys’ko, Petro P.;Kim, Tetyana V.;Kiseleva, Olena I.;Rassukana, Yuliya V.;Gakh, Andrei A.. And the article was included in Journal of Fluorine Chemistry in 2009.Recommanded Product: 19432-68-9 This article mentions the following:

The synthesis of F-containing 2-thienyliodonium salts was accomplished using cascade iodination-fluorination. Thus, thiophene is converted to bis(2-thienyl)iodonium hexafluorophosphate using electrophilic iodination. Upon heating with KF, this salt undergoes regioselective fluorination producing 2-fluorothiophene. Subsequent iodination yields fluorothienyliodonium salts. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 2-thienylacetate (cas: 19432-68-9Recommanded Product: 19432-68-9).

Methyl 2-thienylacetate (cas: 19432-68-9) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Recommanded Product: 19432-68-9

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics