Month: January 2023

Antiprotozoal activity of Turkish Origanum onites essential oil and its components was written by Tasdemir, Deniz;Kaiser, Marcel;Demirci, Betul;Demirci, Fatih;Baser, K. Husnu Can. And the article was included in Molecules in 2019.Reference of 868-57-5 This article mentions the following:

Essential oil of Origanum species is well known for antimicrobial activity, but only a few have been evaluated in narrow spectrum antiprotozoal assays. Herein, we assessed the antiprotozoal potential of Turkish Origanum onites L. oil and its major constituents against a panel of parasitic protozoa. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation from the dried herbal parts of O. onites and analyzed by Gas Chromatog.-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) and Gas Chromatog. coupled with Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The in vitro activity of the oil and its major components were evaluated against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, T. cruzi, Leishmania donovani, and Plasmodium falciparum. The main component of the oil was identified as carvacrol (70.6%), followed by linalool (9.7%), p-cymene (7%), gamma-terpinene (2.1%), and thymol (1.8%e). The oil showed significant in vitro activity against T. b. rhodesiense (IC₅₀ 180 ng/mL), and moderate antileishmanial and antiplasmodial effects, without toxicity to mammalian cells. Carvacrol, thymol, and 10 addnl. abundant oil constituents were tested against the same panel; carvacrol and thymol retained the oil’s in vitro antiparasitic potency. In the T. b. brucei mouse model, thymol, but not carvacrol, extended the mean survival of animals. This study indicates the potential of the essential oil of O. onites and its constituents in the treatment of protozoal infections. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl2-methylbutyrate (cas: 868-57-5Reference of 868-57-5).

Methyl2-methylbutyrate (cas: 868-57-5) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Reference of 868-57-5

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Distribution of fragrances and PAHs in the surface seawater of the Sicily Channel, Central Mediterranean was written by Vecchiato, Marco;Turetta, Clara;Patti, Bernardo;Barbante, Carlo;Piazza, Rossano;Bonato, Tiziano;Gambaro, Andrea. And the article was included in Science of the Total Environment in 2018.Synthetic Route of C12H14O4 This article mentions the following:

The Mediterranean Sea is highly influenced by several anthropic pressures, including different kinds of organic pollutants. Fragrance materials (FMs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were investigated in the surface seawater of the Sicily Channel in offshore and coastal areas. Total concentrations of FMs and PAHs resulted resp. up to 112 ng L^-1 and 43 ng L^-1, with similar distributions of both classes of analytes. Low values were detected in some coastal samples, due to the upwelling of deep and unpolluted waters, while the presence of gyres probably accumulates contaminants in offshore areas. Confirming previous works, the allergenic and estrogenic Salicylates generally resulted the most abundant FMs and diagnostic ratios indicated combustion processes as the sources of PAHs. The coupling of the well-known PAHs with a new class of personal care products (PCPs) helped the identification of the major environmental drivers: the results highlighted the role of mesoscale hydrodynamics and suggested long-range atm. transport as key factors. The first detection of the selected FMs in open sea areas supports the hypothesis of their environmental persistence. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Formyl-2-methoxyphenyl isobutyrate (cas: 20665-85-4Synthetic Route of C12H14O4).

4-Formyl-2-methoxyphenyl isobutyrate (cas: 20665-85-4) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Synthetic Route of C12H14O4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Concise Synthesis of 1-Thioalkyl Glycoside Donors by Reaction of Per-O-acetylated Sugars with Sodium Alkanethiolates under Solvent-Free Conditions was written by Feng, Guang-Jing;Luo, Tao;Guo, Yang-Fan;Liu, Chun-Yang;Dong, Hai. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry.Quality Control of (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate This article mentions the following:

A relatively green method for synthesizing 1-thioalkyl glycosides has been developed, where sodium alkanethiolates were used to react with per-O-acetylated sugars instead of odorous alkyl mercaptans in the presence of BF₃·Et₂O without the use of solvents under mild conditions. Furthermore, we found that 1,2-trans-β-thioglycosides can be converted into corresponding 1,2-cis-α-thioglycosides in the presence of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid in nonpolar solvents under mild conditions. This provides a simple and efficient new approach for synthesizing challenging 1,2-cis-α-thioglycosides. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate (cas: 4163-60-4Quality Control of (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate).

(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate (cas: 4163-60-4) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Quality Control of (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Characteristic scent from the Tahitian liverwort, Cyathodium foetidissimum was written by Sakurai, Kazutoshi;Tomiyama, Kenichi;Kawakami, Yukihiro;Yaguchi, Yoshihiro;Asakawa, Yoshinori. And the article was included in Journal of Oleo Science in 2018.Electric Literature of C10H20O2 This article mentions the following:

The volatile components of the Tahitian liverwort Cyathodium foetidissimum was analyzed using headspace solid phase micro-extraction (SPME) and GC-MS. Three volatile components, 4-methoxystyrene (24.4%), 3,4-dimethoxystyrene (28.7%), and skatole (15.9%) were identified as the major components from the fresh C. foetidissimum, along with several aliphatic aldehydes, n-octanal, n-nonanal, and n-decanal. However, (E)-2-nonenal recognized as aged malodor was not identified. In GC-O anal., 2-aminoacetophenone was detected as one of the minor components with a strong aging note. In fact, C. foetidissimum showed the characteristic aging odor reminiscent the damp smell from old chest of drawers, or the civet like note with very strong feces and urine odor. The mixture consisted of 4-methoxystyrene, 3,4-dimethoxystyrene, and skatole in the detected ratio showed the sedative effect on CNV (contingent neg. variation) measurement. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate (cas: 659-70-1Electric Literature of C10H20O2).

Isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate (cas: 659-70-1) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Electric Literature of C10H20O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ruthenium Carbene-Mediated Construction of Strained Allenes via the Enyne Cross-Metathesis/Cyclopropanation of 1,6-Enynes was written by Gao, Ming;Gao, Qiangqiang;Hao, Xiangbin;Wu, Ying;Zhang, Qingmin;Liu, Guohua;Liu, Rui. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2020.Synthetic Route of C10H14O4 This article mentions the following:

Herein, we report on the unprecedented dimerization of 1,6-enynes using a com. available ruthenium complex RuCl₂(PPh₃)₃, which results in a series of bicyclo[3.1.0]hexyl allene derivatives in moderate to excellent yields. Mechanistic investigation indicates that the in-situ-generated ruthenium vinylidene undergoes a site-selective metathesis process to provide allenyl ruthenium carbene, which can be intramolecularly trapped by the pendent C=C bond of enyne through a [2+2]-cycloaddition/metal elimination process. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyl 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)malonate (cas: 17920-23-9Synthetic Route of C10H14O4).

Diethyl 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)malonate (cas: 17920-23-9) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Synthetic Route of C10H14O4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Alkenylation by dibromides of 1,3-butadiene and isoprene. Transformations of tetraethyl esters of 1,6-disubstituted 3-hexene- and 1,6-disubstituted 3-methyl-3-hexene-1,1,6,6-tetracarboxylic acids was written by Chachatryan, L. A.;Akhnazaryan, A. A.;Manukyan, M. A.;Dangyan, M. T.. And the article was included in Zhurnal Organicheskoi Khimii in 1975.Name: Diethyl isobutylmalonate This article mentions the following:

Reaction of RCH(CO2Et)2 with BrCH2CH:CR1CH2Br (R1 = H, Me) gave 50-80% (E)- and (Z)- (EtO2C)2CRCH2CH:CR1CH2CR(CO2Et)2 (I); alk. decarboxylation of I (R1 = Me) gave either HO2CCHRCH2CH:CMeCH2CHRCO2H or the lactone of the corresponding saturated 4-methyl-4-hydroxy analog. The lactone formation could be either thermal or catalytic. The trans-I (R = H) gave on bromination in CCl4 or oxidation by AcO2H the γ,γ-lactones of 2,7-disubstituted-2,7-dicarbethoxy-4,5-dihydroxysuberic acids. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyl isobutylmalonate (cas: 10203-58-4Name: Diethyl isobutylmalonate).

Diethyl isobutylmalonate (cas: 10203-58-4) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Name: Diethyl isobutylmalonate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Efficient Method for the Synthesis of Benzimidazoquinazoline Derivatives with Three-Point Diversity was written by Saha, Biswajit;Sharma, Sunil;Kundu, Bijoy. And the article was included in Synthetic Communications in 2007.SDS of cas: 2740-88-7 This article mentions the following:

An efficient strategy for the preparation of a novel heterocyclic ring system of benzimidazoquinazolines with three-point diversity has been described. The compounds were obtained by treating o-phenylenediamine derivatives with o-nitrobenzaldehyde to give benzimidazole derivatives, followed by reduction of the nitro group to give an amine. Derivatization of the resulting amine with isothiocyanates followed by in situ cyclodesulfurization at rt furnished the title compounds in high yields and purity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Fluorobenzylisothiocyanate (cas: 2740-88-7SDS of cas: 2740-88-7).

4-Fluorobenzylisothiocyanate (cas: 2740-88-7) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.SDS of cas: 2740-88-7

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Sensory, physicochemical and volatile compound analysis of short and long shelf-life melon (Cucumis melo L.) genotypes at harvest and after postharvest storage was written by Farcuh, Macarena;Copes, Bill;Le-Navenec, Gaelle;Marroquin, Juan;Cantu, Dario;Bradford, Kent J.;Guinard, Jean-Xavier;Van Deynze, Allen. And the article was included in Food Chemistry: X in 2020.Recommanded Product: 868-57-5 This article mentions the following:

Flavor is a key attribute defining melon fruit quality and driving consumer preferences. We characterized and compared fruit ripening patterns (ethylene, respiration), physicochem. properties (rind/flesh color, firmness, soluble solids, acidity), aroma volatiles, and flavor-related sensory attributes in seven melon genotypes differing in shelf life capacity. Fruits were evaluated at optimal maturity and after storage for six days at 5°C plus one day at room temperature Total volatile content increased after storage in all genotypes, with esters being dominant. Shorter shelf-life genotypes, displaying a sharper climacteric phase, correlated with fruity/floral/sweet flavor-related descriptors, and with esters, sulfur-containing compounds and a terpenoid. Longer shelf-life types were associated with firmness, green and grassy aroma/flavor and aldehydes. Multivariate regression identified key volatiles that predict flavor sensory perception, which could accelerate breeding of longer shelf-life melons with improved flavor characteristics. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl2-methylbutyrate (cas: 868-57-5Recommanded Product: 868-57-5).

Methyl2-methylbutyrate (cas: 868-57-5) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Recommanded Product: 868-57-5

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Towards the design of new electron donors for Ziegler-Natta catalyzed propylene polymerization using QSPR modeling was written by Ratanasak, Manussada;Rungrotmongkol, Thanyada;Saengsawang, Oraphan;Hannongbua, Supot;Parasuk, Vudhichai. And the article was included in Polymer in 2015.Synthetic Route of C11H20O4 This article mentions the following:

Electron donors enhance the productivity and isotacticity of products of the Ziegler-Natta catalyzed propylene polymerization Using the fact that adsorption energies of electron donors to catalyst surface are linearly related to activities, the Quant. Structure Property Relationship (QSPR) for adsorption energies was performed for a set of 24 compounds from 3 different groups, i.e., phthalates, 1,3-diethers and malonates using the multiple linear regression (MLR) anal. The QSPR model shows high correlation (R² = 0.84, R²_CV = 0.83) between adsorption energies and 3 descriptors, i.e., the radius of gyration (50%), the dipole moment (16%), and the forcite bond energy (34%). Consequently, the catalyst activity of propylene polymerization mainly depended on steric hindrance. The predictive ability of the model was successfully validated with a set of five electron donors which randomly selected from three different groups. Predictive R² for the test set was 0.77, indicating good predictive ability of the model. The QSPR model provided the valuable information for the design of better electron donors for propylene polymerization In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, malonic acid dibutyl ester (cas: 1190-39-2Synthetic Route of C11H20O4).

malonic acid dibutyl ester (cas: 1190-39-2) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Synthetic Route of C11H20O4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Formylation and bromination ortho to the hydroxy-group of 2-carbonyl-substituted phenols in the presence of titanium(IV) chloride was written by Cresp, T. M.;Sargent, M. V.;Elix, J. A.;Murphy, D. P. H.. And the article was included in Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1: Organic and Bio-Organic Chemistry (1972-1999) in 1973.Electric Literature of C9H10O4 This article mentions the following:

Formylation with Cl2CHOMe-TiCl4 of Me 2,4-dihydroxybenzoate, Me 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoate, Et 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-6-methylbenzoate, Me 2-hydroxy-4-methylbenzoate, and 2-hydroxy-4-methoxyacetophenone gave the 3-formyl derivatives as the major products. Bromination in the presence of TiCl4 gave similar results. Formation of a six-membered ring Ti complex (e.g., I) induces selective substitution ortho to the OH group. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 4-Hydroxy-2-methoxybenzoate (cas: 28478-46-8Electric Literature of C9H10O4).

Methyl 4-Hydroxy-2-methoxybenzoate (cas: 28478-46-8) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Electric Literature of C9H10O4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics