Hsieh, Dennis Jine-Yuan published the artcileDiallyl trisulfide (DATS) suppresses AGE-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis by targeting ROS-mediated PKCδ activation, Application In Synthesis of 2044-85-1, the main research area is diallyl trisulfide antiapoptotic agent AGE ROS PKCgamma cardiomyocyte apoptosis; AGE; DATS; PKCδ; apoptosis; cardiomyocyte.
Chronic high-glucose exposure results in the production of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) leading to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, which contributes to the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. PKCδ activation leading to ROS production and mitochondrial dysfunction involved in AGE-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis was reported in our previous study. Diallyl trisulfide (DATS) is a natural cytoprotective compound under various stress conditions. In this study, the cardioprotective effect of DATS against rat streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mellitus (DM) and AGE-induced H9c2 cardiomyoblast cell/neonatal rat ventricular myocyte (NRVM) damage was assessed. We observed that DATS treatment led to a dose-dependent increase in cell viability and decreased levels of ROS, inhibition of PKCδ activation, and recuded apoptosis-related proteins. Most importantly, DATS reduced PKCδ mitochondrial translocation induced by AGE. However, apoptosis was not inhibited by DATS in cells transfected with PKCδ-wild type (WT). Inhibition of PKCδ by PKCδ-kinase-deficient (KD) or rottlerin not only inhibited cardiac PKCδ activation but also attenuated cardiac cell apoptosis. Interestingly, overexpression of PKCδ-WT plasmids reversed the inhibitory effects of DATS on PKCδ activation and apoptosis in cardiac cells exposed to AGE, indicating that DATS may inhibit AGE-induced apoptosis by downregulating PKCδ activation. Similar results were observed in AGE-induced NRVM cells and STZ-treated DM rats following DATS administration. Taken together, our results suggested that DATS reduced AGE-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis by eliminating ROS and downstream PKCδ signaling, suggesting that DATS has potential in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) treatment.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences published new progress about Anti-apoptotic agents. 2044-85-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is 2′,7′-Dichloro-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-3′,6′-diyl diacetate, and the molecular formula is C24H14Cl2O7, Application In Synthesis of 2044-85-1.
Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics