Hydrotreatment Upgrading of Bio-oil from Torrefaction of Pubescens in Alcohol over Pd/NbOPO4 was written by Li, Jindong;Lv, Xiaoyan;Wang, Yue;Li, Qiuxing;Hu, Changwei. And the article was included in ACS Omega in 2018.Safety of Ethyl 3-ethoxypropanoate The following contents are mentioned in the article:
Pd/NbOPO4 multifunctional catalyst was prepared and used for catalytic hydrotreatment upgrading of bio-oil, which was obtained from low-temperature torrefaction (LTT) of pubescens and contained mainly lignin oligomers. The upgrading temperatures were investigated at 220-280 °C. Pd/NbOPO4 exhibited good performance for the effective depolymerization of oligomers with increasing temperature It was revealed that both Bronsted acid sites and Lewis acid sites existed on NbOx, which contributed to the cleavage of the C-O-C bond. Furthermore, esterification, hydrogenation, and O-alkylation of monomeric derivatives also occurred simultaneously during the depolymerization process. After hydrotreatment upgrading, the average mol. weight of bio-oil decreased from Mw = 320 Da (Mn = 298 Da) to Mw = 273 Da (Mn = 254 Da) and the bio-oil quality was improved dramatically. The oxygen content decreased from 29.53 to 9.78 wt %. The upgraded bio-oil obtained at 280 °C had a heating value of 40.48 MJ kg-1, which was much higher than that of the original bio-oil (26.96 MJ kg-1). This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Ethyl 3-ethoxypropanoate (cas: 763-69-9Safety of Ethyl 3-ethoxypropanoate).
Ethyl 3-ethoxypropanoate (cas: 763-69-9) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Safety of Ethyl 3-ethoxypropanoate
Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics