An alternative route to cyclic terpenes by reductive cyclization in iridoid biosynthesis was written by Geu-Flores, Fernando;Sherden, Nathaniel H.;Courdavault, Vincent;Burlat, Vincent;Glenn, Weslee S.;Wu, Cen;Nims, Ezekiel;Cui, Yuehua;O’Connor, Sarah E.. And the article was included in Nature (London, United Kingdom) in 2012.Reference of 37905-02-5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:
The iridoids comprise a large family of distinctive bicyclic monoterpenes that possess a wide range of pharmacol. activities, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antifungal and antibacterial activities. Addnl., certain iridoids are used as sex pheromones in agriculturally important species of aphids, a fact that has underpinned innovative and integrated pest management strategies. To harness the biotechnol. potential of this natural product class, the enzymes involved in the biosynthetic pathway must be elucidated. Here we report the discovery of iridoid synthase, a plant-derived enzyme that generates the iridoid ring scaffold, as evidenced by biochem. assays, gene silencing, coexpression anal. and localization studies. In contrast to all known monoterpene cyclases, which use geranyl diphosphate as substrate and invoke a cationic intermediate, iridoid synthase uses the linear monoterpene 10-oxogeranial as substrate and probably couples an initial NAD(P)H-dependent reduction step with a subsequent cyclization step via a Diels-Alder cycloaddition or a Michael addition Our results illustrate how a short-chain reductase was recruited as cyclase for the production of iridoids in medicinal plants. Furthermore, we highlight the prospects of using unrelated reductases to generate artificial cyclic scaffolds. Beyond the recognition of an alternative biochem. mechanism for the biosynthesis of cyclic terpenes, we anticipate that our work will enable the large-scale heterologous production of iridoids in plants and microorganisms for agricultural and pharmaceutical applications. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2E,6E)-3,7-Dimethyl-8-oxoocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 37905-02-5Reference of 37905-02-5).
(2E,6E)-3,7-Dimethyl-8-oxoocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 37905-02-5) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Reference of 37905-02-5
Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics