In 2005,Ooka, Hirohito; Inoue, Tsutomu; Itsuno, Shinichi; Tanaka, Masato published 《Highly active and selective palladium catalyst for hydroesterification of styrene and vinyl acetate promoted by polymeric sulfonic acids》.Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) published the findings.COA of Formula: C4H8O3 The information in the text is summarized as follows:
Highly efficient, selective and recyclable palladium catalyst systems for hydroesterification of styrene and vinyl acetate were realized by using [1,2-phenylenebis(methylene)]bis[bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)phosphine] as ligand and polymeric sulfonic acids of limited SO3H loadings as promoter. The experimental process involved the reaction of Methyl 3-hydroxypropanoate(cas: 6149-41-3COA of Formula: C4H8O3)
Methyl 3-hydroxypropanoate(cas: 6149-41-3) belongs to esters with low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and found in essential oils and pheromones. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. COA of Formula: C4H8O3
Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics