Chemistry can be defined as the study of matter and the changes it undergoes. You¡¯ll sometimes hear it called the central science because it is the connection between physics and all the other sciences, starting with biology. 39255-32-8, Name is Ethyl 2-methylpentanoate, molecular formula is , belongs to esters-buliding-blocks compound. In a document, author is Williams, Paul T., Category: esters-buliding-blocks.
Quantile-Dependent Expressivity and Gene-Lifestyle Interactions Involving High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol
Background: The phenotypic expression of a high-density lipoprotein (HDL) genetic risk score has been shown to depend upon whether the phenotype (HDL-cholesterol) is high or low relative to its distribution in the population (quantile-dependent expressivity). This may be due to the effects of genetic mutations on HDL-metabolism being concentration dependent. Method: The purpose of this article is to assess whether some previously reported HDL gene-lifestyle interactions could potentially be attributable to quantile-dependent expressivity. Summary:Seventy-three published examples of HDL gene-lifestyle interactions were interpreted from the perspective of quantile-dependent expressivity. These included interactive effects of diet, alcohol, physical activity, adiposity, and smoking with genetic variants associated with the ABCA1, ADH3, ANGPTL4, APOA1, APOA4, APOA5, APOC3, APOE, CETP, CLASP1, CYP7A1, GALNT2, LDLR, LHX1, LIPC, LIPG, LPL, MVK-MMAB, PLTP, PON1, PPAR alpha, SIRT1, SNTA1,and UCP1genes. The selected examples showed larger genetic effect sizes for lifestyle conditions associated with higher vis-a-vis lower average HDL-cholesterol concentrations. This suggests these reported interactions could be the result of selecting subjects for conditions that differentiate high from low HDL-cholesterol (e.g., lean vs. overweight, active vs. sedentary, high-fat vs. high-carbohydrate diets, alcohol drinkers vs. abstainers, nonsmokers vs. smokers) producing larger versus smaller genetic effect sizes. Key Message: Quantile-dependent expressivity provides a potential explanation for some reported gene-lifestyle interactions for HDL-cholesterol. Although overall genetic heritability appears to be quantile specific, this may vary by genetic variant and environmental exposure.
Sometimes chemists are able to propose two or more mechanisms that are consistent with the available data. If a proposed mechanism predicts the wrong experimental rate law, however, the mechanism must be incorrect.Welcome to check out more blogs about 39255-32-8, in my other articles. Category: esters-buliding-blocks.